RU2537367C2 - Jumping munition with guided demolition distance and launcher for it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons, in particular to the launch complex for jumping munition. The launch complex comprises the launcher and ammunition. The ammunition comprises a sleeve with a propellant charge, the means of ignition, a warhead, a fuse, a striker with a spring, a sleeve, and a thrust. The fuse comprises a housing with a bottom. The sleeve is releasably connected to the striker. One end of the thrust is movably connected to the sleeve, and the other is intended for connection to the tensioning element located on the launcher. The launcher for munition comprises a base and a removable tensioning element. The base is made with the ability to receive the trigger signal. The base has a slot for the munition placement. The removable tensioning element is located on the base and is intended for connection to the thrust of the munition.

EFFECT: creation of jumping munition is achieved, which enables at the stage of preparation to the application to create with high precision different distances and directions of demolition.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of ammunition, in particular - jumping ammunition.

Jumping fragmentation ammunition is used, for example, to create minefields. The fragmentation munition detonated above ground level has a greater effectiveness than the one that worked at ground level, since the underlying surface shields up to half of the fragments.

In the practice of combating manifestations of terrorism, such as the seizure of potentially dangerous objects and hostages, during the preparation and in the initial stage of the assault on a seized object, there is a need for a psychophysiological effect on terrorists, for example, ammunition of light and sound action. The maximum effectiveness of the operation of such ammunition can be achieved by undermining them exactly opposite the windows of the captured premises, airplane windows, etc. Thus, one of the necessary conditions for the effective use of such ammunition in various combat situations is the ability to control the distance (or height) of their operation with high accuracy, since window openings and portholes can be at different heights, and their sizes can be small.

Known jumping fragmentation mine OZM-72 ("Weapons of Russia". Catalog. T. VII. "High-precision weapons and ammunition." Military Parade CJSC. M., - 1997). A detonator for detonating the warhead of a mine above the surface of the earth includes a percussion mechanism connected to the bottom of the guiding cup of the mine with a tension cable, the length of which determines the height of the mine detonation. The cable is laid at the bottom of the guiding glass of the mine and is closed on top by the warhead, so there is no access to it. Thus, the specified technical solution does not provide the opportunity for the operator to change the height of the munition. In addition, in the percussion mechanism OZM-72, the striker and the heel of the striker located in the sleeve are connected by a releasable lock. When the mine shell reaches a height equal to the length of the tension cable, the cable pulls the heel of the hammer from the sleeve. The heel of the castle pulls a drummer, which at the same time compresses the mainspring. When the lock leaves the sleeve, the firing pin is released and, under the action of the mainspring, pierces the igniter capsule.

The design of the split lock is such that when a pulling force is applied, a force arises that pushes the heel of the hammer and hammer in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve in which they are located. This causes the emergence of significant friction forces that impede the normal operation of the mechanism, and leads to the need to use a steel exhaust cable, the tensile force of which is many times greater than the force required to compress the war spring.

In anti-personnel fragmentation ordnance (RU 2408837, 2011), some of the shortcomings of the OZM-72 are overcome, but the possibility of changing the height of the warhead operation by the operator is still impossible. In addition, in the fuse of this munition the mainspring is always in a compressed (cocked) state, which significantly reduces the level of safety of the munition in official use.

Both of the ammunition discussed above should be buried in the ground during installation and can eject the warhead only along the axis of the guide cup.

Known jumping mine according to the patent US 5279229, 1994. It is placed on the surface of the earth and ejects the warhead at an angle to the horizon, however, this angle is given constructively and cannot change during operation.

The task to which the claimed inventions are directed is to create a jumping ammunition that allows, at the stage of preparation for use, to set different distances and directions of detonation with high accuracy.

This solution is provided by a launch complex containing ammunition and a launcher.

Ammunition contains a sleeve (guiding cup) with a propelling charge and means of ignition, a warhead, a fuse containing a housing with a bottom, a striker with a spring, a sleeve detachably connected to the striker, and a rod, one end of which is movably connected to the sleeve, and the other is designed for connecting with a tension element of a given length located on the launcher, in preparing the ammunition for use. The fuse can be located on the side of the warhead that faces the propelling charge, while its thrust can be made in the form of a rigid rod, one end of which is movably connected to the sleeve, and the other end is withdrawn from the sleeve, and the thrust is placed in the channel formed the inner surface of the sleeve and a longitudinal groove made on the outer surface of the fuse and / or warhead.

The detachable connection of the sleeve with the striker can be made from the condition of ensuring minimum friction forces that impede the movement of the striker when the striker moves with the force applied to the rod. The sleeve can be made from the impossibility of moving the striker towards the initial element of the fire chain until the sleeve and the striker are disconnected.

The detachable connection of the sleeve with the hammer can be made in the form of at least two balls, each of which has a diameter exceeding the thickness of the wall of the sleeve, and is fixed in the corresponding hole made in the sleeve and the groove on the outer surface of the hammer through an annular protrusion made from the inside onto the bottom of the fuse housing, while the locations of the balls are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve.

An ammunition launcher may include a base having an ammunition receptacle and configured to receive a trigger signal, at least one interchangeable tension element of a given length located on the base and designed to be connected to the ammunition rod. The replaceable tensioning element can be made of a wire of a given length in the form of a spiral tension spiral spring, equipped with a shock absorber and placed in a removable container. The base of the launcher can be equipped with means for changing the angle of its inclination.

The launcher may be equipped with a safety device containing a sensor that blocks the passage of the trigger signal to the socket if there are any objects on the entire set of possible flight paths of the warhead with the fuse to the detonation point due to accidental deviations.

A sensor that detects objects located in this way can be built on the principle of emission of ultrasonic acoustic waves and subsequent reception of these waves reflected from the detected objects. The safety device may include an indicator indicating whether the passage of the trigger signal to the socket is blocked or not blocked.

The drawings show an example embodiment of the invention:

- figure 1 - launch complex, prepared for launching the warhead vertically upward;

- figure 2 - placement of the tension element and ammunition with electric means of initiating propelling charge on the launcher;

- figure 3 - launch of the warhead with a fuse at an angle of 60 ° to the horizon;

- figure 4 - ammunition with an electric means of initiating a propellant charge;

- figure 5 - fuse at the time of cocking;

- figure 6 - fuse at the time of operation;

- Fig.7 is an electrical diagram of the connection of the jumping ammunition and safety device;

- on Fig - implementation of the inventions in the minimum configuration.

The implementation of the inventions, presented in figure 1, contains a launcher 1, on which the jumping ammunition 2 is located, tension elements 3 in replaceable containers 27 with covers 28, a mechanism 5 for changing the angle of inclination of the launcher (see figure 3) and a safety device 6.

The mechanism 5 for changing the angle of inclination of the launcher (see figure 1) contains a guide 23, a strap 24 with a slot, an emphasis 25 and an eye bolt 26.

The jumping ammunition is mounted on the launcher 1 (see Fig. 2) with the lower part of the sleeve 41 into the threaded socket 30, which at the same time is one of the contacts of the electric circuit and transmits a start signal (electric pulse) to the housing of the electrocapsule sleeve 17 - propellant charge with electric means of initiation. The second contact 31 of the electric circuit is made elastic to allow the sleeve 41 to be threaded into the threaded socket 30 and transmits a start signal to the central contact 43 of the electrocapsule sleeve 17 (see FIG. 4).

In the lower part of the sleeve 41 (see Fig. 4), an electrocapsule sleeve 17 is installed, and in the upper part there is a pallet 16 and a warhead 4 with a fuse 39 (see Fig. 5).

The fuse 39 (see Fig. 4-6) contains an external polyethylene housing 8, an inner metal housing 20, a hammer 9 detachably connected to the sleeve 10 using balls 11 mounted in a groove made on the hammer 9 through the holes in the sleeve 10. The connection of the sleeve 10 and the hammer 9 is carried out until the balls 11 are kept from falling out by the annular protrusion 21 of the housing 20 (see figure 5). Balls 11 can be two or more, their locations should be evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve 10. This ensures that the sleeve 10 is not skewed when it is pulled together with the hammer 9 from the housing 20 and, accordingly, the minimum friction force that prevents the movement of the sleeve 10 and the hammer 9.

Holes 47 are made in the hammer 9, preventing the occurrence of a pneumatic effect (damping force), which prevents the movement of the hammer 9 in the housing 20.

The sleeve 10 has a flange of a larger diameter than the hole in the housing 20, which does not allow the drummer 9 connected to the sleeve 10 to move to the igniter capsule 13.

The sleeve 10 through the ring 19 is movably connected to the rod 7, which is a wire rod with rings at the ends. The rod 7 is placed in the channel formed by the inner surface of the sleeve 41 and the longitudinal groove of the housing 8 so that one of the rings extends beyond the cut of the sleeve 41. This allows any of the tension elements 3 placed on the launcher 1 to be fixed to this ring by means of a connection device 22 (see figure 1), which is made in the form of a clasp type "carabiner".

The tensioning element 3 can be made of wire of a given length in the form of a single-layer coil - a spiral spiral tension spring, located in a removable container 27, while one end of the wire is fixed in the container 27, and the connection device 22 is attached to the other end. connection 22 on the tension element 3 is a shock absorber 18 (see figure 2). It is a spiral spiral tension spring of a smaller diameter. Under official conditions, the removable container 27 is closed by a removable lid 28 in order to prevent foreign objects, dirt, water, and the like from entering the container. When preparing the ammunition for use, the lid 28 is removed. Thus, in the munition prepared for use, water may enter the container 27. To drain the water that has entered the container, drain holes 40 are provided in its lower part. To prevent the turns of the tension element from freezing to each other or to the inner wall of the container, the tension element and the inside the surface of the container is coated with silicone grease or WD-40 grease. Replaceable container 27 is installed on the launcher 1 and removed from it by the thread of the screw 42, rigidly fixed to the base.

The safety device 6 is made using an ultrasonic sensor 29 (see FIG. 3), the response zone 32 of which is a cone, the apex of which is aligned with the sensor. The height of the cone (response range) may vary when configuring the sensor.

The height of the cone (response range) is selected so that the reaction zone 32 of the sensor 29 overlaps the zone 33 of possible trajectories of the warhead to the point of detonation, which also represents a cone with a vertex located at the fastening point of the tension element 3 in the removable container 27, and a height equal to the sum of the lengths of the tension element 3, shock absorber 18 and rod 7.

In preparing the launch complex for use, it is necessary to install the ammunition on the launcher 1 in the threaded socket 30, select the required length of the tension element 3 and connect it to the thrust ring 7, protruding outward, using the connection device 22.

Then, the safety device 6 must be turned on with the toggle switch 34. The operating mode of the safety device 6 is controlled by the glow of the indicator 35: red - in the reaction zone 32 objects that interfere with the flight of the warhead to a predetermined distance of detonation are detected, starting is prohibited; green - response zone 32 is free, start is allowed. Focusing on the color of the indicator, the operator has the opportunity to aim the launch complex so that the flight of the warhead to a predetermined distance of detonation does not interfere.

If during the aiming process there is a need to change the start angle, the operator loosens the eyebolt by hand and moves the bar 24 by the required amount (when applied from hard surfaces) or turns the bar 24 with the stop 25 down (when applied from the ground or other low-strength surfaces) and again tightens the eye bolt by hand (see figure 3).

The start signal — an electric pulse — is transmitted from an external source (command device) via a wire line that connects to the contacts 36 of the safety device 6 (see Fig. 7). If start is enabled, the controller 44 closes the contacts "X1.1" and "X1.2", and an electric pulse is transmitted through a wire line 46 to the threaded socket 30 and terminal 31 and through them to the housing of the electrocapsule sleeve 17 and its central contact 43, which leads to the launch of the warhead 4 with a fuse 39.

The need to use a safety device is due to the fact that a foreign object located on the flight path can interfere with the normal operation of the fuse, and the warhead can ricochet.

If the safety device 6 is faulty or is not planned to be used, the wire line from an external source (command device) can be connected to the contacts 37 of the safety device 6, which are connected by a wire line 46 to the threaded socket 30 and terminal 31. If the batteries 45 of the safety device 6 discharged or the safety device 6 is not turned on by the toggle switch 34, the contacts “X1.1” and “X1.2” of the controller 44 are open. In this case, the safety device 6 blocks the passage of the start signal from an external source (command device), the wire line of which is connected to terminals 36, to the threaded socket 30 and terminal 31. Determine that the batteries 45 are discharged or the safety device 6 is not turned on, the operator maybe due to the lack of glow indicator 35.

Gases generated by the operation of the electrocapsule sleeve 17 in the lower part of the sleeve 41 (see Fig. 4), through the holes 38 enter the upper part of the sleeve 41 and through the pallet 16, which provides obturation, the warhead 4 with the fuse 39 is pushed out of the sleeve 41 .

In this case, the pallet 16 presses directly on the rod 7 located in the channel formed by the inner surface of the sleeve 41 and the longitudinal groove of the housing 8. Since the rod 7 is made of a strong elastic wire, it does not fall into possible gaps between the inner surface of the sleeve 41 and the housing 8 and does not interfere with the movement of the warhead 4 together with the fuse 39. Already at this moment, the tension of the wire tension element 3 begins, while the tensile force does not act on the sleeve 10 and the associated drummer 9. After departure from the sleeve 41, the pallet ceases to to disperse the warhead 4 with the fuse 39. Due to the tensile resistance of the wire tension element 3, the rod 7 is deployed (see figure 3) and in this position continues to stretch the tension element 3. Since the tension element begins to stretch even at the moment of movement of the warhead 4 with the fuse 39 in the sleeve 41, after turning the thrust 7 jerk, which could lead to cocking and firing, does not occur. The tensile resistance of the wire tension element 3 is less than the force required to cock and fire the fuse, which is determined by the parameters of the spring 12.

To prevent a sharp jerk at the time of complete straightening of the wire tensioning element 3, which can lead to wire breakage, a shock absorber 18 (see FIG. 2), which is a smaller spiral spiral spring, is made near the attachment point of the connection device 22 on the tensioning element 3 diameter. It is known from the theory of calculation of springs that, ceteris paribus, the smaller the diameter of the spring, the greater the force must be applied to stretch it. Therefore, the shock absorber 18 begins to stretch only after the straightening of the wire tensioning element 3, smoothing out the jerk.

After the straightening of the wire tensioning element 3 and the shock absorber 18 on the rod 10 and the firing pin 9 connected to it, a force begins to act, pulling them out of the housing 20 (see Fig. 5) and compressing the spring 12. At the same time, the balls 11 exit the channel, formed by the annular protrusion 21 of the housing 20 (see Fig.6), they fall out of the holes in the sleeve 10, ceasing to hold the hammer 9, which under the action of the spring 12 moves forward, pricking the igniter 13 and causing it to fire.

The force of the flame from the igniter capsule 13 (see Fig. 4) triggers the radiation detonator capsule 14, which initiates the detonation of the transfer charge of the explosive 15, which, in turn, leads to the undermining of the warhead 4. The warhead can be like a lethal action (high-explosive, fragmentation, etc.), and non-lethal action (for example, light and sound).

The implementation of the inventions in the minimum configuration, shown in Fig. 8, comprises a launcher 1, on which ammunition 2, a tension element 3 and a wire line 46 are placed. In this case, the wire line from an external source (command device) is connected to the wire line 46, for example twisting. The tension element 3 can be placed and fixed on the launcher 1 both in a removable container 27, and without it. However, in the latter case, the tension element 3 will not be protected from damage in official handling.

Ammunition may contain a propellant charge not with an electric, but with a firing means of initiating it (by analogy with small arms). In this case, the start signal should trigger the firing means of initiation (firing mechanism).

Claims (12)

1. Ammunition, including a sleeve with a propelling charge and means of ignition, a warhead, a fuse containing a housing with a bottom, a striker with a spring, a sleeve detachably connected to the striker, and a rod, one end of which is movably connected to the sleeve, and the other is designed to connection with a tension element of a given length located on the launcher, in preparation for the use of ammunition. 2. The ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuse is located on the side facing the propelling charge, while its thrust is made in the form of a rigid rod, one end of which is movably connected to the sleeve, and the other end is withdrawn from the sleeve, and the thrust is placed in the channel formed by the inner surface of the sleeve and a longitudinal groove made on the outer surface of the fuse and / or warhead. 3. The ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the detachable connection of the striker with the sleeve is made in the form of at least two balls, each of which has a diameter greater than the thickness of the wall of the sleeve, and is fixed in the corresponding hole made in the sleeve and the groove on the outer the surface of the impactor by means of an annular protrusion made internally on the bottom of the fuse body, while the locations of the balls are evenly distributed around the circumference of the sleeve. 4. Launcher for ammunition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, including a base having a socket for installing ammunition and configured to receive a trigger signal, at least one interchangeable tension element of a given length, located on the base and designed to connect with ammunition traction. 5. Launcher according to claim 4, characterized in that the interchangeable tension element is made of wire of a given length in the form of a spiral tension spring. 6. Launcher according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the tension element is equipped with a shock absorber. 7. Launcher according to claim 4, characterized in that the removable tension element is placed in a removable container. 8. Launcher according to claim 4, characterized in that the base is equipped with means for changing its angle of inclination. 9. The launcher according to claim 4, characterized in that it is equipped with a safety device containing a sensor that blocks the passage of the trigger signal to the socket if, on the whole set of possible flight paths of the warhead with the fuse to the detonation point, due to random deviations, or items. 10. The launcher according to claim 9, characterized in that the sensor emits and perceives reflected ultrasonic acoustic waves. 11. Launcher according to claim 9, characterized in that the safety device is equipped with an indicator showing whether the passage of the trigger signal to the socket is blocked or not blocked. 12. Launcher complex comprising a launcher, including a base having a socket for installing ammunition and configured to receive a trigger signal, at least one replaceable tension element of a given length, located on the base and designed to connect with the munition rod, and ammunition, including a sleeve with a propelling charge and means of ignition, a warhead, a fuse containing a body with a bottom, a striker with a spring, a sleeve detachably connected to the striker, and a rod, one end of which Vision is connected with the hub, and the other is intended for connection to a tension member of predetermined length disposed on the launcher, a munition when preparing for use.

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