RU2536645C1 - Bench-type reduction gear unit for testing of engines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: low-speed shaft of a reduction gear unit, which is passed coaxially by means of a coupling of an alternating connection to it through a gear wheel of the first stage, which is engaged with a gear of a high-speed shaft, and is rigidly connected to a gear of a solar type in the second planetary stage with an epicycle with a brake device, with satellite gears installed with possibility of being rotated on axes reinforced in a carrier installed with possibility of being rotated; the above carrier has a possibility of an alternating connection by means of a coupling with a low-speed shaft and connected on the side opposite to arrangement of engines with a shaft of a loading device. A possibility of an alternating connection of power shafts of engines with different ranges of revolutions and powers by means of connecting couplings to outlet ends of high-speed or low-speed shafts is provided.

EFFECT: improving reliability, optimising and simplifying testing conditions of engines of different types, namely of marine gas-turbine and diesel engines by using a two-shaft bench-type reduction gear unit with a loading device, which allows alternating test of engines with three different rages of revolutions and powers.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of gearboxes for motor industry, in particular to bench gearboxes for testing engines containing gear reducers and load devices.

Known test benches, consisting of a drive, test gears and a hydraulic brake device, in which the load is changed by adjusting the performance of the hydraulic brake (see, for example, the book: V.L. Gadalin and other "Machines and stands for testing parts", ed. D.N. Reshetova. M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1979, p. 44, 50).

A known test bench layout for testing and fine-tuning gears of two multipliers used to transmit torque from a drive motor to a centrifugal compressor with a power consumption of ~ 12 MW, where a hydraulic brake is used as a load device (see, for example, the book: Ivanov N.M. et al. “Gears of turbomachines. St. Petersburg: Polytechnic, 2008, p.21, 22).

Known bench gearbox for testing engines, made in the form of a three-shaft gearbox with a single load device, permanently connected to one of the shafts and three output ends of the shafts with couplings, allowing to test three motors with different ranges of speed and torque when alternately connecting them to couplings of different shafts (see, for example, patent RU No. 2348023 C1, 03/22/2007) - a prototype.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability, optimization and simplification of the test conditions for engines of various types, in particular marine diesel and gas turbine (including combined) units, by using a twin-shaft bench gearbox with a loading device that allows alternately testing engines with three different speed ranges and capacities, connecting them to a single load device through a system of shafts and gears.

To achieve the specified technical result in the proposed bench gearbox for testing engines containing a loading device and a gear reducer, in the housing of which are placed low-speed and high-speed shafts with gears, gears and couplings in bearings, according to the invention, the low-speed shaft, coaxially passed in the gear reducer with the possibility of alternating connection with the coupling through the gear wheel of the first stage, meshed with the pole the shaft of the high-speed shaft, rigidly connected to the gear, which is solar in the completed planetary second stage with an epicycle with a brake device, with satellite gears rotatably mounted on axles mounted in a rotary mounted carrier, made with the possibility of alternating connection by means of a coupling with a low-speed a shaft and connected from the side opposite to the placement of the engines by means of a coupling, with the shaft of the load device, while alternating connection is possible nenie power shafts of engines with different ranges of speed and capacity by means of couplings to the output ends of the high-speed or low-speed shafts.

A distinctive feature of the invention is that in the gear reducer a low-speed shaft, passed coaxially, with the possibility of alternating connection with it through a gear wheel of the first stage, which is engaged with the gear of the high-speed shaft, is rigidly connected to the gear, which is solar in the made planetary second stage with an epicycle with a brake device, with satellite gears rotatably mounted on axles, mounted in a rotatably mounted the carrier, made with the possibility of alternating connection by means of a coupling with a low-speed shaft and connected from the side opposite to the placement of the engines by means of the coupling, with the shaft of the load device, while it is possible to alternately connect the power shafts of engines with different ranges of revolutions and powers through connecting couplings to the output ends of the high-speed or low speed shafts.

In Fig.1 schematically presents one of the options bench gear for testing engines, in Fig.2 - section aa in Fig.1.

In the housing 1 of the gear reducer in the bearings 2 and 3, a high-speed shaft 4 is installed with a gear chevron gear 5 and with an output end with a coupling end 6 with a coupling 6 on it. In bearings 7 and 8, also located in the housing 1, a low-speed shaft 9 is installed with a coupling 10 at its output towards the engine end, coaxially passed through a gear chevron wheel 11 with the possibility of alternating connection with it via a coupling 12 and connected to the gear 13 , which is solar in the completed planetary second stage of the gear reducer and is in constant engagement with each of the six (in the presented embodiment) satellite gears 14 rotatably mounted, with accordingly, on six axes mounted in a carrier 17 mounted rotatably in bearings 15 and 16, alternately connected by means of a coupling 18 with a low-speed shaft 9 and connected to the opposite position of the motors of the gearbox side using a coupling 19 with the output shaft of the loading device 20 (e.g. hydraulic brake). The satellite gears 14 are mounted in constant engagement also with the internal teeth of the epicycle 21, made with the possibility of alternating connection by means of the clutch 22 with the brake device 23.

Works bench gear for testing engines as follows (see figure 1 and figure 2).

It should be noted that the names “low-speed” shaft and “high-speed” shaft adopted in the application text are conditional in this case (to simplify the description), and gas-turbine, diesel, or combined units may appear under the definition of “engine”.

If it is necessary to test, for example, a high-speed gas turbine engine, a high-speed shaft 4, located in the bearings 2 and 3 of the gear housing 1, is connected by means of a coupling 6 to the power shaft of the engine. The gear 5 of the high-speed shaft 4 is meshed with a gear wheel 11, which is connected by means of a clutch 12 to a low-speed shaft 9 located in bearings 7 and 8 and rigidly connected to the sun gear 13, which is in constant engagement with six satellite gears 14 that can rotate on axes mounted in the carrier 17 and meshed with the epicycle 21, which is connected by the clutch 22 to the braking device 23 (that is, the epicycle is stationary). The carrier 17, capable of rotating in bearings 15 and 16, has a coupling 19 connected (constantly) to the load device 20. Thus, the power shaft of the tested high-speed gas turbine engine through the coupling 6, shaft 4, gear 5, gear 11, clutch 12, low-speed shaft 9, the sun gear 13, satellite gears 14, carrier 17 and the coupling 19 is connected to the loading device 20, which allows testing a high-speed engine (gas turbine). In this case, the gearbox operates as a two-stage with a planetary second stage.

To test another, less high-speed unit (for example, gas turbine, diesel or combined), its power shaft is connected by a coupling 10 with a low-speed shaft 9 installed in bearings 7 and 8. The couplings 12 and 18 are disconnected. The clutch 22 of the epicyclic 21 is connected to the brake device 23 (i.e., the epicyclic 21 is stationary). The carrier 17 is connected (permanently) by the coupling 19 to the loading device 20. Thus, the power shaft of a high-speed unit (for example, diesel, gas turbine or combined) by the coupling 10, the shaft 9, the sun gear 13, the satellite gears 14, the carrier 17 and the coupling 19 is connected to loading device 20, which allows testing of a high-speed unit. In this case, only the second, planetary gear stage is involved in the transmission of torque.

To test a low-speed gas-turbine (or combined) unit (with a different range of revolutions and powers), its power shaft is also connected via a clutch 10 to a low-speed shaft 9. In this case, the gear clutch 12 and clutch 22 are disconnected (that is, the brake device 23 of the epicycle 21 is disconnected) include a gear clutch 18. Thus, the power shaft of a low-speed gas turbine (or combined) unit through a clutch 10, a shaft 9, a clutch 18, a carrier 17 and a clutch 19 is connected directly to the load device 20, i.e., to the transfer gear ratio in the gearbox, equal to 1, and the planetary gear is a kind of flywheel.

Bench gear installation, schematically presented in figure 1 and figure 2 (completed technical design of the installation, currently the stage of the working draft) is intended for testing engines (including gas turbine and combined units) of the following parameters:

- by connecting to the shaft of the first stage (high-speed) high-speed gas turbine engines with a capacity of 16 MW to 36 MW with a power shaft speed range of 1000 ... 3500 rpm;

- connection to a low-speed shaft of high-speed gas turbine (or combined) units with a capacity of up to 31 MW with a power shaft speed range of 300 ... 1130 rpm;

- also connecting low-speed gas-turbine (or combined) units with a power of up to 55 MW to the low-speed shaft with a power shaft speed range of 80 ... 300 rpm.

Claims (1)

A bench gearbox for engine testing, comprising a loading device and a gearbox, in the housing of which low-speed and high-speed shafts with gears, gears and couplings are housed in bearings, characterized in that the gearbox has a low-speed shaft, coaxially passed with the possibility of an alternating clutch connecting with it through the gear wheel of the first stage, which is meshed with the gear of the high-speed shaft, is rigidly connected with the gear, which is solar in a completed planetary second stage with an epicycle with a brake device, with satellite gears rotatably mounted on axles, mounted in a rotary mounted carrier, alternately connected by means of a coupling with a low-speed shaft and connected from the opposite side to the placement of engines by couplings, with the shaft of the load device, while it is possible to alternately connect the power shafts of engines with different speed ranges and m generality by couplings to the output ends of the high-speed or low-speed shafts.

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