RU2536226C2 - Water fire extinguishing system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment, namely, the means for extinguishing fire, in particular to automated units of water (foam) fire-fighting. In the system of water fire extinguishing, containing pipeline distribution network equipped with sprinklers with controlled start, the receiving-control and management fire-fighting device, which is connected to fire loop with integrated fire detectors and a signal line, which comprises the devices of initiating the start, electrically connected to controlled sprinklers, and the pipeline distribution network is divided into zones, and the system is equipped with additional addressable remote start devices corresponding to each designated area, which are included in the other signal line connected to the receiving-control and management fire-fighting device, the sprinkler housing is made as a fitting with a through hole and a threaded part passing into the end valve part, and the fitting by means of an axisymmetric nozzle consisting of two vertical volume stiffeners and two inclined prismatic ribs rigidly connected to them is rigidly connected to a hollow cylindrical sleeve with an internal thread interacting with a clamping bolt which presses a glass flask to the poppet valve, while on the other side to the sleeve perpendicularly to its axis, the sprayer device is mounted, in the form of rosette with the petals positioned relative to each other with a gap, and axially on the fitting side, opposite the threaded part the lock poppet valve is located through a pad, connected with the element of automatic response to the excess of the given premises temperature, which is made in the form of a glass flask, which is a thermal lock.

EFFECT: increasing reliability of water fire-extinguishing system.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire fighting equipment, and in particular to means for extinguishing a fire, in particular, to automatic water (foam) fire extinguishing installations.

Closest to the claimed object is a water fire extinguishing device in which a sprinkler sprinkler with a controlled start and smoke detectors are used in the distribution network (patent RU 2464058 - prototype). In this case, the fire signal from the triggered smoke detector arrives at the fire alarm and control device (PPKiUP), which determines the address of the triggered fire detector and sends a command to the starting devices of the group of controlled sprinkler sprinklers located near the triggered fire detector.

The disadvantage of this device is that when fire detectors are triggered, the sprinkler sprinklers closest to them are forcibly opened, however, if there are air flows in the protected room, fire detectors installed outside the fire zone may be the first to fire, and therefore, fire sprinklers that will open will irrigate a combustion free zone.

The technically achieved result is an increase in the reliability of the water extinguishing system.

This is achieved by the fact that in a water fire extinguishing system containing a pipeline distribution network equipped with sprinkler sprinklers with controlled start-up, a fire alarm control and control device is connected to which a fire alarm loop with fire detectors included and a signal line, which includes devices start-up initiations, electrically connected to controlled sprinkler sprinklers, while the distribution pipe network is divided into zones, while the system is equipped with additionally addressable remote start devices corresponding to each selected zone, which are included in another signal line connected to the control panel and firefighter control device, the sprinkler body is made in the form of a fitting with a through hole and a threaded part passing into the end valve part, while the fitting by means of an axisymmetric bracket consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffeners and two inclined prismatic ribs rigidly connected to them, is rigidly connected to the hollow a cylindrical sleeve with an internal thread interacting with a clamping bolt that presses the glass flask against the poppet valve, and on the other hand, a spray device is attached to the sleeve perpendicular to its axis in the form of a socket with petals located relative to each other with a gap, and axisymmetric, on the side of the fitting opposite the threaded part, a locking poppet valve is located through the gasket, connected to the element of automatic operation to exceed the set temperature in and which is in the form of a glass bulb, which is a thermal lock.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a water fire extinguishing system, figure 2 is a diagram of the sprinkler, figure 3 shows a cross section of a foam sprinkler with a fusible insert.

The water fire extinguishing system (Fig. 1) consists of a distribution network 1 with sprinklers 2 installed on it with a controlled start, a control and fire control device 3, to which a fire alarm cable 4 is connected with fire detectors 5.1-5.M and signal line 6, which includes start-up devices 7.1-7.N, as well as addressable remote start devices 8.1-8.N, and the entire pipeline distribution network 1 is divided into zones 9.1-9.N (zones are indicated by a dotted line in the diagram) so that ka gives to the subsequent zone overlaps a portion of the previous one. Each of these zones is associated with an address device for remote start 8.1-8.N, i.e. Zone 1 corresponds to device 8.1, zone 2 - device 8.2, zone 3 - device 8.3, etc.

Thus, the fire extinguishing zones are formed in such a way that when a fire occurs during the initiation of the corresponding remote start device, the sprinklers of the zone that will more closely correspond to the burning area are forcibly opened, or the center of this zone will be closest to the burning center. In this case, the automatic start of the water fire extinguishing system at a predetermined address is provided by fire detectors 5.1-5.M (in our case, M = N + 1), while a pair of detectors 5.1 and 5.2 fall into zone 9.1, a pair of detectors 5.2 and 5.3 into the zone 9.2, a pair of detectors 5.3. and 5.4 - to zone 9.3, etc. Each of the pairs of detectors described above is assigned a start-up device 7.1-7.N, which provides for the forced opening of controlled sprinklers and, accordingly, the release of extinguishing agent into the corresponding protected zone 9.1-9.N. Manual start fire extinguishing systems provide remote start devices 8.1-8.N.

The first and second signal lines may be combined. Zones can be formed in such a way that each subsequent half overlaps the previous one. There may be 4 more zones around each of the zones, except the extreme ones, each of which overlaps the first by a quarter. It may be that around each of the zones, except the extreme, 4 more zones are allocated, each of which half overlaps the first.

Sprinkler sprinkler (figure 2) contains a housing made in the form of a nozzle 10 with a through hole and a threaded part (external thread — by means of a threaded part, the sprinkler is mounted on distribution pipelines), passing into the end valve part 11. The threaded nozzle 10 by means of an axisymmetric bracket consisting of of two vertical volumetric stiffening ribs 12 and rigidly connected with them two inclined prismatic ribs 13, is rigidly connected to the hollow cylindrical sleeve 14 with an internal thread interacting with a clamp bolt 16, which presses the glass flask 15 against the poppet valve 17. On the other hand, a spray device in the form of a socket 19 with petals 20 located relative to each other with a gap (not shown) is attached to the sleeve 14, perpendicular to its axis.

Axially symmetrically on the fitting, on the side opposite the threaded part, a locking poppet valve 17 is located through the gasket 18, which is connected to the automatic actuation element for exceeding the set room temperature, which is made in the form of a glass bulb 15 with a diameter of 5 mm, which is a thermal lock. Depending on the operating temperature, the liquid in the flask has a certain color: 68 ° C - red, 57 ° C - orange. The response temperature is selected depending on the category of protected premises. In case of removal of the thermally sensitive element - flask - from the proposed sprinkler, it automatically becomes a deluge sprinkler.

Sprinklers can be made of the following types: with a flat outlet, which are installed vertically with the outlet down; with a concave socket - are installed vertically upwards and universal - are installed both with the socket down and the socket up. All of them are automatic flask type standard response sprinklers.

For rooms with varying degrees of fire resistance in certain areas, the distribution network is divided into zones taking into account the degree of fire resistance in certain areas (not shown in the drawing), and foam sprinkler sprinklers are additionally used.

The sprinkler foam sprinkler (Fig. 3) consists of a sprinkler body 21, made in the form of a nozzle and closed by a valve 26, and fixed to the body 21 through the gasket 27 of the diffuser 22. In the upper part of the diffuser 22 there are openings 25 for air intake. The sprinkler body 21 is equipped with a fusible element 23 triggered by a fire (thermal lock), consisting of two tinned copper plates brazed with tin solder. At the end of the sprinkler housing 21 located inside the diffuser 22, a spray outlet 24. is installed by means of at least three retaining spokes 8

24 consists of radially spaced horizontal petals 29. The shape of the petals can be either flat or concave.

Rosette 24 may consist of horizontally arranged petals. Rosette 24 may consist of horizontally arranged flat and concave petals. Rosette 24 may consist of obliquely arranged petals. Rosette 24 may consist of horizontal and inclined flat and concave petals located at different angles and alternating them relative to each other.

Sprinkler foam sprinkler works as follows.

When a fire occurs in the room, fire detectors and an automatic fire extinguishing system are triggered, and the solder of the fusible element 23 melts. The valve 26 of the atomizer body 21 opens and a foaming solution is supplied into the space formed by the diffuser 22. The diffuser 2 creates the volume of the jet of foam, a vacuum is created in the upper part of the diffuser, and air begins to suck in through the holes 25 of the diffuser. The air is mixed with a foaming solution to obtain air-mechanical foam, sprayed on the area allocated for the protective effect of the spray. Rosette 24 with alternating concave petals, located at an angle, provides a jet of foam of low multiplicity.

Thus, when using the foam sprinkler of the proposed design provides a quick elimination of the fire in the room.

The fire extinguishing system operates as follows.

In the absence of people in the protected room, the system operates in automatic mode. When two smoke detectors are triggered, for example 5.2 and 5.3, located in the same protected zone 9.2, PPKiUP 3 receives a signal about their operation and switches to the "Fire" mode. Then, through the start initiation device 7.2, PPKiUP 3 gives a signal to open the corresponding group of controlled sprinklers 2 located in zone 9.2, through which the extinguishing agent is evenly distributed over the protected zone.

Sprinkler sprinkler works as follows.

When the temperature rises during a fire in a production building, the heat-sensitive element (thermal lock) - bulb 6 (at a response temperature of 68 ° C - red, or 57 ° C - orange) breaks and a fire extinguishing agent is ejected through poppet valve 8, sprayed using a spray outlet 10 with petals 11, it enters the fire. Sprinkler sprinklers are placed on distribution pipelines (not shown) of sprinkler installations under the ceiling of the room from the condition of irrigation with one sprinkler 9 ÷ 12 m ² floor area. It is possible to use with the following types of extinguishing agent: water, aqueous solutions, foam. The multiplicity of the foam is 13.2%, the concentration is 3%. As a foaming agent in such fire extinguishing systems, a fluorosynthetic foaming agent of the "Multipena" type is used. It also works on a 6% aqueous solution of fluorinated foaming agent "Sublayer" under conditions of smoke in the room.

If there are people in the protected room, the fire can be detected visually until the fire alarm system is triggered. At the same time, to start the fire extinguishing system, one of the addressable remote start devices is initiated manually (for example, by pressing a button) closest to the fire source and corresponding to the protected zone. For example, if there is a fire in zone 9.2, the remote start device 8.2 should be initiated. PPKiUP 3 receives a signal from this device and generates a command to open the corresponding sprinklers 2 by issuing a command to the device initiating the launch 7.2.

Thus, it is possible to form an optimal irrigation area, as a result, the reliability of the fire extinguishing installation is significantly increased.

Claims (1)

A water fire extinguishing system comprising a pipeline distribution network equipped with sprinkler sprinklers with a controlled start, a fire alarm and control device, to which a fire alarm loop is connected with fire detectors included in it, and a signal line that includes start-up devices electrically connected to controlled by sprinkler sprinklers, while the pipeline distribution network is divided into zones, while the system is equipped with additional addressable devices with remote start devices corresponding to each selected zone, which are included in another signal line connected to the control and fire control device, the sprinkler body is made in the form of a nozzle with a through hole and a threaded part passing into the end valve part, while the nozzle is axially symmetric an arm consisting of two vertical volumetric stiffeners and two inclined prismatic ribs rigidly connected to them, is rigidly connected to the hollow cylindrical sleeve with a threaded thread interacting with a clamping bolt that presses the glass flask against the poppet valve, and on the other hand, a spray device is attached to the sleeve perpendicular to its axis, in the form of a socket with petals located relative to each other with a gap, and axisymmetric on the side of the fitting , opposite the threaded part, is located through the gasket locking poppet valve associated with the element of automatic operation to exceed the specified temperature in the room, which is made in the form a glass bulb, which is a thermal lock, characterized in that for rooms with varying degrees of fire resistance in individual sections, the distribution network is divided into zones taking into account the degree of fire resistance in individual sections, in addition foam sprinkler sprinklers are used, each of which includes a sprinkler body blocked by a valve and a diffuser fixed to the body with holes for air intake, and a spray outlet with a thermal lock consisting of two tinned copper plates soldered tin solder, and a diffuser located within the end of the sprinkler housing mounted by means of at least three spokes spray retaining socket, consisting of radially extending lobes, the lobe shape may be either flat or concave.