RU2533768C1 - Overhead contact system insulating coupler and neutral insert for high-speed railway trunk lines powered by alternating current - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the equipment ensuring normal functioning of overhead contact system in conditions of making way to high-speed electric stock (HSES). The overhead contact system insulating coupler and neutral insert for high-speed railway trunk lines powered by alternating current comprises the overhead contact system to the right and to the left from the substation powered by different phases of the traction-feeding transformer. In order to exclude short-circuiting between phases two isolating gaps are set and the section of the overhead contact system between these gaps is not connected to any phase. Stepped active resistances coupled to the incoming and outgoing isolated parts of the overhead contact system connected to the gaps are used as executive bodies of arc-striking protection. The above resistances perform function of stepwise reduction or increase for HSES load current. The reduce load current up to the value, which is not destructive.

EFFECT: HSES making way through the neutral insert without destructive arcing.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment that ensures the normal functioning of the contact network in terms of skipping high-speed electric rolling stock (EPS).

The device for isolating the contact network and the neutral insert for high-speed railways electrified with alternating current contains a contact network to the left and right of the substation, powered by different phases of the traction transformer, phases A and B of which are connected to the contact network, and phase C is connected to rails. To avoid a short circuit between phases A and B, two insulating gaps are established between which a section of the contact network is connected that is not connected to any of the phases. In the proposed device, as an executive body of protection against the occurrence of a destructive arc, stepwise active resistance variables consisting of two parts are used. One of them - the "contact" - is a continuation of the contact wire and replaces its suitable and outgoing parts from the isolated gaps. The other is a set of damping resistances with loops connected to the contact part. The indicated resistances are located on an insulated carrier cable supporting the contact part of the suspension, which is a series of insulated and conductive parts dialed into a series circuit, to which resistive cables are connected that perform the function of gradually reducing the current to a value that is not capable of causing destruction of current-carrying parts.

A typical device for powering a contact AC network is known, in which the contact network, to the left and right of the substation, is powered by different phases of the traction transformer. Phases A and B are connected to the contact network, and phase C is connected to the rails. To exclude a short circuit between phases A and B, two insulating gaps are introduced into the interface device, between which a section of the contact network is connected that is not connected to any of the phases, called a neutral insert (this device is taken as a prototype) (K.G. Marquardt, II Vlasov. “Contact Network” 3rd ed., Moscow, Transport, 1977, p.271).

According to the operating conditions of this device, on the railways of alternating current, the passage of the insulating interface of the contact network and the neutral insert with the load on is prohibited. When the device passes, at the moment the current collector ski passes from the contact wire to the insulated insert, an electric arc arises, the power of which is proportional to the current consumption of the EPS. Sequential closure of two isolated spaces creates a condition for end-to-end overlap for stable arc burning.

According to the instruction "On the procedure for using current collectors of electric rolling stock under various operating conditions" (ЦТ-ЦЭ / 844), upon approaching the neutral insert, the power and auxiliary circuits, as well as the power contactor of passenger cars and electric trains, are switched off at the EPS. EPS must have a speed sufficient to avoid stopping the locomotive within the neutral insert, the air gap and the sectional insulator. The length of the neutral insert takes longer than the distance between the extreme current collectors of the EPS with any combination of current collectors included. At the moment, when operating elongated electric trains, the length of the neutral insert can be 250-400 m.

The passage of the device requires increased attention from the train driver and is always fraught with the danger of an open electric arc.

The driver is obliged to bring the engine control controller to the zero position, disconnect the auxiliary power supply contacts (fans, compressor) and disconnect the heating contactor of the passenger train; main switch (ГВ) ЭПС, then follow the isolated gaps and the neutral insert and, after the sign “Turn on the current”, make all the inclusions in the reverse order for the further movement of the train. Considering that traction substations (and, consequently, neutral inserts) are located at a distance of 40-60 km from each other, with EPS speeds exceeding 200 km / h on a high-speed highway, the transit time of the inter-substation zone (i.e. the zone between neutral inserts) ) is 10-15 minutes. The follow-up time of the neutral insert is less than 3 seconds. The execution time of the manipulations by the driver, according to the instructions, is up to 5 minutes, which is 30% of the total time for the inter-substation zone. Air resistance to the movement of the train, at speeds of 200 km / h, is 20-25 kN, this causes a decrease in the speed of the train after turning off the traction motors. Therefore, when passing the neutral insert with the traction engines turned off, the energy consumption for the subsequent acceleration of the train additionally increases. It is not possible to maintain a relatively stable train speed with a typical neutral insert, due to the fact that the executive body of protection from the occurrence of a destructive arc is a hot-wire EPS, controlled manually by the driver.

In one of the previously developed devices (Invention No. 2071426, B60M 3/00 dated 01/10/1997), in order to exclude the human factor (as well as in a typical device), the executive body of protection against the occurrence of a destructive arc is a GW EPS, but controlled automatically.

Another of the previously developed devices: "Power supply device of a contact alternating current network" (Invention No. 2404500, B60M 3/00 dated December 23, 2009). Its use as an analogue allows us to solve two functional problems: 1. Eliminate the human factor. 2. Drive through the neutral insert under traction load.

In the adopted analogue, the executive body for protection against the occurrence of a destructive arc is a separate high-voltage switch belonging to the neutral insert.

The device contains: traction substation; feeding feeders connected to sections of the contact network and separated by a neutral insert with two insulating gaps; high voltage switch with actuator and position sensor; a unit for calculating the moment the switch is moved to another position; sensors for the location of electric rolling stock; data storage and transmission unit. The first and second terminals of the high-voltage switch are connected to the corresponding feed feeders of the sections of the contact network, and the common terminal of the high-voltage switch is connected to a neutral insert, in the area of which there are electric rolling arrangement sensors connected to the unit for calculating the moment the switch is moved to another position, one of the outputs of which is connected with the input of the data storage and transmission unit, and another output connected to the control input of the drive of the high-voltage switch, floor sensor If it is connected to the unit for calculating the moment the switch is moved to another position. The use of a high-voltage switch as an element for disconnecting the traction current at the time of switching to isolated pairing eliminates the appearance of an arc on the contact network, which creates the condition for the passage of the neutral insert without disconnecting the EPS load.

However, it should be noted that the use of a mechanical device ("high voltage switch") has several disadvantages:

1. Insufficient reliability, since even minor violations in the multi-link circuit of the circuit breaker control can lead to a significant accident.

2. Limited speed following EPS. Since the higher the ESR speed, the closer the mechanical response time of the control circuit approaches the transit time of the isolated gap, which can lead to interphase overlap of the neutral insert.

3. Limited motor resources (to determine the term of its removal from work requires constant monitoring of the accumulation and transmission of data).

4. Additional labor costs for periodic scheduled maintenance (in addition, the passage of high-speed EPS is not possible during these works).

The aim of the invention is to create a new device that eliminates all of the above disadvantages and while maintaining the function of following EPS through a neutral insert without turning off the load.

In the proposed device, as an executive body of protection against the occurrence of a destructive arc, stepwise active resistance variables are used, which are included in the device for isolating the contact network and the neutral insert into the suitable and outgoing parts of the contact network (Figs. 1 and 2).

These step resistances consist of two parts and are as follows:

a) the first part is contact. It is a continuation of the contact wire and replaces a part of this wire with a suitable branch that extends from the isolated gap;

b) the second part - a set of damping resistances with loops connected to the contact part. These resistances are located on an insulated spring cable supporting the contact part of the suspension.

The contact part is a series of insulated and conductive parts dialed into a serial circuit, resembling a contact wire in shape. The insulated part must not exceed the width of the contact part of the current collector ski in length. Resistance loops are connected to the conductive elements of the contact part, performing the function of gradually decreasing or increasing the current of the EPS load, depending on the movement of the current collector. The load current is reduced to a current value that is not capable of causing destruction when the current collector ski is torn from the last resistance element. The value of the resistance power is calculated according to the heat balance equation, depending on the time the resistance was under current. At an EPS speed of 200 km / h, the heating time of the resistance is 0.036 s.

In an analog device (in solving functional problems) - the higher the speed, the lower the reliability. And in the device proposed by the authors, by reducing the pairing time, on the contrary, with increasing speed, the reliability of the device only increases.

The device has: anchor supports of the contact network - 1; rocker arm - 2; a garland of insulators - 3; insulated spring cable - 4; supply contact wires - 5; insulated contact wire of the neutral insert - 6; isolated gaps - 7; contact part of variable resistance - 8; a garland of resistances of a part of variable resistance - 9; loops of variable resistance - 10; current collector - 11.

The device operates as follows: the current collector 11, removing the traction load current, when following the working contact wire 5 and approaching the isolated gap 7, begins to slide along the contact part 8 of variable resistance (8, 10, 9), which is an alternation of isolated and current-carrying parts connected by loops 10 with a string of resistors 9 located on an insulated spring cable 4. Elements 8, 10, 9 perform the function of a stepwise variable resistance, which when the current collector 11 moves along the contact part 8 reduces the current consumption of the EPS to a safe value, which does not damage the elements of the contact network when the current collector 11 is disconnected from the last contact element 8 and its transition to an insulated inoperative contact wire of the neutral insert 6, isolated due to isolated gaps 7. With further movement of the current collector 11 to the transition from the neutral insert 6 (through an isolated gap 7), a stepwise variable resistance from elements 8, 10, 9 is inserted into the working supply contact wire 5 the use of variable resistance is necessary in the place to reduce the current, since when the current collector 11 approaches the working contact case 5, the voltage of which is 27.5 kV (but without touching it), air breakdown occurs, and if the current is significant, the destruction of live parts is inevitable. The variable resistance (8, 10, 9) along which the current collector 11 moves increases the current to a nominal value and the EPS thrust is restored. The passage of the contact device of the contact network and the neutral insert for high-speed railways electrified by alternating current will be almost instantaneous and will not affect EPS braking. EPS movement will be uniform. And with an increase in its speed, the reliability of the contact network interface device and the neutral insert for high-speed railways electrified by alternating current will become higher.

Claims (1)

The device for isolating the contact network and the neutral insert for high-speed railways electrified with alternating current contains a contact network to the left and right of the substation, powered by different phases of the traction transformer, phases A and B of which are connected to the contact network, and phase C is connected to to the rails, in order to prevent a short circuit between phases A and B, two insulating gaps are established between which a section of the contact network is connected that is not connected to any of the phases, from characterized in that in the proposed device, as an executive body of protection against the occurrence of a destructive arc, stepwise active resistance variables are used, consisting of two parts, one of which is the “contact” one, which is a continuation of the contact wire and replaces its suitable and outgoing parts from isolated gaps and the other is a set of damping resistances with loops connected to the contact part, these resistances are located on an insulated carrier cable supporting the contact Trailing second part representing the number dialed in the series circuit and isolated conductive parts, which are connected to loops resistors performing the function of gradually reducing the current to a value not capable of causing the destruction of the live parts.

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