RU2531155C1 - Structure foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: screw piles are equipped with pipes coaxially placed in them with an open lower and plugged upper ends. Pipes serve as an evaporator of a refrigerating machine (RM) and are connected via a header to an injection nozzle of an RM compressor, and pile shafts via another header are connected to a heat exchanger made of ribbed tubes and connected to a suction nozzle of the compressor. The heat exchanger is cooled with atmospheric air and acts as a RM condenser. A compressor motor is a rotor wind motor with a vertical shaft, which executes a kinematic link with the compressor with the help of an electromagnetic braking coupling (EBC) and a reducer. The EBC is electrically connected with a heat relay, the sensitive element of which is located in soil near foundation piles. As soil temperature increases above 0°C, the heat relay sends a signal to the EBC power supply circuit, which results in connection of the latter and start-up of the RM compressor, an injecting vapours of coolant into an evaporator (pipes). As a result, piles and soil around them are cooled down, at the same time bearing capacity of foundation screw piles increases. As soil temperature goes down below 0°C, the heat relay sends a signal to the EBC, and the latter breaks the kinematic circuit of the wind motor and the reducer, as a result the RM stops operation. Soil is cooled by energy of wind without consumption of electric energy from an electric network.

EFFECT: invention provides for savings.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of pile foundations in frozen soils.

Known screw piles, including a shaft pointed at the bottom and a screw blade attached in its lower part with the possibility of longitudinal displacement (AS USSR No. 172237.1962).

The disadvantage of these piles is that when the soil temperature rises above 0 ° C due to an increase in atmospheric air temperature or due to heat generation from a structure installed on piles, the load-bearing capacity of piles installed in frozen soils deteriorates.

Known piles (AS USSR No. 679695, 1979) - the closest analogue containing trunks and screw blades equipped with an electric heating element to reduce the force when immersing (screwing) piles into the ground.

Such piles have the same drawback as the above analogue, and when screwing the piles into the ground, it becomes possible to twist and break the conductors that supply voltage to the electric heating elements.

The aim of the invention is the cooling of the pile foundation, placed in frozen soils when the soil temperature rises above 0 ° C due to the use of a wind turbine chiller that delivers refrigerant to the pile shaft. This provides a more stable and high load-bearing capacity of the piles, as well as the possibility of saving electricity consumption when cooling the foundation with a chiller driven by wind energy.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the foundation of the structure formed by screw piles, in which each pile includes a shaft pointed at the bottom and muffled from above and screw blades mounted on it at the bottom, is equipped with a pipe coaxially fixed inside each barrel, the lower end of which is open, and the upper end is plugged, the pipes act as the evaporator of the refrigeration machine (XM), which also includes a compressor and a heat exchanger made of finned tubes and serving as the XM condenser, and as a motor In order to compress the compressor, a rotary wind turbine with a vertical shaft is used (for example, according to RF patent No. 2210000, 2007), kinematically connected to the compressor by means of a gearbox and an electromagnetic brake clutch (ETM) mounted on the wind turbine shaft, electrically connected to a thermal relay, the sensitive element of which is located in the ground near the foundation piles, the thermal relay is included in the ETM power supply circuit, while the pipes and the trunks themselves, coaxially fixed in the trunk of the pile, are equipped with pieces for connecting with tubes to the collectors, one of which is connected by pipes to the evaporator, is connected by a pipe to the compressor discharge pipe, and the other collector, connected by pipes to the trunks, is connected by a pipe to the inlet pipe of the condenser (heat exchanger), the outlet pipe of which is also by the tube is connected to the inlet (suction) pipe of the compressor.

Thus, when implementing the proposed technical solution, a technical result is achieved, namely, that in order to cool down the soil in which the pile foundation is built, the wind energy is used, which drives the XM (by a signal from the thermal relay), the compressor of which pumps through the collector into the open bottom pipes fixed in pile trunks, a refrigerant that cools the trunk and soil around the trunk, providing a more stable and higher bearing capacity of the foundation in case of warming of the soil caused by warming Niemi outside atmosphere or due to heat release from the structure. The refrigerant passing through the pile trunks enters through a different collector into a condenser (heat exchanger) and then to the compressor suction pipe. At the same time, there is no electricity consumption from the electric network, as the compressor is driven by a wind turbine. To power the electromagnetic clutch (ETM), 24 volts DC are needed, which can be obtained either from the battery or from a 220 volt AC rectifier (the DC source is not included in the subject of the invention and is not presented in the formula).

The novelty of the solution lies in the fact that XM is used to cool the soil, driven by wind energy by using a rotary wind turbine with a vertical shaft, while the kinematic connection of the wind turbine with the compressor is carried out using a gearbox and an electromagnetic brake clutch, which includes this connection by a thermal relay signal, which is sensitive whose element is placed in the ground near the foundation piles. At the same time, pipes mounted inside the pile trunks having an end face open from below are used as an XM evaporator; a heat exchanger cooled by atmospheric air serves as a condenser.

The use in the proposed technical solution of a vertical-shaft wind turbine according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 22210000 for ensuring the operation of the XM compressor is caused by a more uniform and more efficient operation of such a wind turbine. In addition, this wind turbine does not require installation at a considerable height above ground level, it does not have significant blades and can operate at any wind speed and any direction.

The drawing shows the layout of the construction of screw piles in the foundation and the connection of the refrigeration machine to piles and pipes (evaporators) fixed inside the piles.

The drawing shows the trunks of screw piles 1 with pointed lower ends 2 and muffled upper ends 3. The trunks of piles 1 are provided with screw blades at the bottom 4. Inside the trunks of piles 1 pipes (evaporators) 5 are coaxially fixed with open lower ends 6 and muffled upper ends 7 Pipes 5 are attached to the inner surface of the trunks of piles 1 with fasteners 8 (for example, corners). Fasteners are not included in the subject matter of the invention and are not represented in the claims. The pipes 5 are equipped with fittings 9, and the trunks of piles 1 with fittings 10 and 11 to enable connection to a refrigeration machine, which includes: compressor 12, heat exchanger (condenser) 13. Compressor 12 is connected kinematically with rotary wind turbine 14 with a vertical shaft 15 through gear 16 (with a conical transmission of rotation from the vertical shaft 15 to the horizontal shafts 19 and 20, which is not included in the subject of the invention and is not presented in the formula). An electromagnetic brake clutch (ETM) 17 is mounted on the vertical shaft 15 of the wind turbine 14, which, when it is turned on, kinematically couples the shaft 15 to the vertical shaft 18 of the gearbox 16, the horizontal shaft 19 of which is connected to the shaft 20 of the compressor 12. The electromagnetic brake clutch 17 is electrically connected to the thermal relay 21, included in the clutch’s power supply circuit, the sensor 22 of the thermal relay is located in the ground near the piles 1. The collector 23 is designed to connect to the outlet (discharge) pipe 24 of the compressor 12 pipes 5 ( evaporators), and the collector 25 is used to connect the pile trunks 1 to the heat exchanger (condenser) 13 and from it to the inlet (suction) pipe 26 of the compressor 12. The pipes 5 and the pile trunks 1 are connected to the collectors 23 and 25, respectively, and the collectors to the compressor 12 tubes 27. For power supply ETM 17 requires a voltage of 24 V DC, which can be provided either by a battery or an AC rectifier. The power source for the ETM 17 is not included in the subject of the invention, and is not shown in the formula and in the drawing.

Presented on the drawing, the circuit works as follows. Screw piles 1 with blades 4 fixed on them and fittings 10 and 11 are screwed into the ground. Then in the trunks of piles are coaxially fixed using fasteners 8 of the pipe 5, in which the fittings 9 are pre-fixed. The fittings 9 and 10 are connected to each other by tubes (similar to the tubes 27). On the upper ends of the piles 1 and the upper ends of the pipes 5, plugs 3 and 7 are welded. The fittings 10 and 11 are connected by tubes 27 to the collectors 23 and 25, respectively. Near the piles 1, a sensing element 22 of the thermal relay 21 is installed in the ground, which is electrically connected to the power supply circuit of the ETM 17. Tubes 27 make all hydraulic connections in accordance with the drawing scheme. When the soil temperature rises above 0 ° C, the thermal relay 21 is activated, the sensitive element 22 of which is located in the soil. The thermal relay 21 includes a power supply circuit of an electromagnetic brake clutch (ETM) 17, which as a result closes the kinematic connection of the vertical shaft 15 of the wind turbine 14 with the vertical shaft 18 of the gear 16, the horizontal shaft 19 of which is kinematically connected with the shaft 20 of the compressor 12, which starts to work as a result of compression in the compressor, cold refrigerant vapors are supplied through the discharge pipe 24 through a pipe 27 to a manifold 23 and from the last refrigerant pair are passed through a pipe 27 through a fitting 10 and 9 to the pipes 5, which play the role of vaporizer. Through the open ends 6 of the pipes 5, the refrigerant enters the pile 1 trunks and rises along them, cooling the piles 1 and the surrounding soil, which enhances the load-bearing capacity of the piles 1. From the pile trunks 1, the refrigerant flows through the fittings 11 through pipes 27 to the collector 25, and from it - to the input of the heat exchanger 13, cooled by ambient air. Condensed in the heat exchanger 13 acting as a condenser, liquefied condensate from the output of the heat exchanger 13 enters the inlet pipe 26 of the compressor 12, and the whole cycle is repeated until the soil cools to a temperature below 0 ° C, while the thermal relay 21 opens the ETM power supply circuit 17 and the rotation transmission from the shaft 15 of the wind turbine 14 to the vertical shaft 18 of the gearbox 16 and further to the horizontal shaft 19 and to the shaft 20 of the compressor 12 will stop. In this case, the wind turbine 14 will work without load until the subsequent operation of the thermal relay 21. It should be noted that the cooling process of piles and soil is carried out without the consumption of electricity from the network due to the operation of the rotor wind turbine 14 with a vertical shaft 15; the wind turbine 14 operates even in light winds (in accordance with the description given in RF patent No. 22210000).

Thus, the proposed foundation design of the structure formed by screw piles, which use soil cooling to increase the bearing capacity with the help of a chiller operating automatically and driven by wind energy, can enhance the load-bearing capacity of screw piles when the soil is heated to a temperature above 0 ° C without using electricity from the mains.

The proposed construction of the foundation of the structure formed by screw piles, and the scheme for supplying refrigerant to the piles are industrially applicable, since they do not contain elements that are not manufactured by the industry; wind turbines according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2210000 with a capacity of up to 10 kW are manufactured, which follows from an interview with patent holder K. Turkin, cited in the article in the newspaper Saint Petersburg Vedomosti dated December 3, 2012, Electricity from a Molecule.

Claims (1)

The foundation of the structure, formed by screw piles, in which each pile includes a shaft pointed at the bottom and muffled from above and screw blades mounted on it in the lower part, characterized in that a pipe is fixed coaxially with each pipe inside, the lower end of which is open and the upper end is muffled , the pipes act as the evaporator of the refrigerating machine (ХМ), which also includes a compressor and a heat exchanger made of finned tubes and serving as the ХМ condenser, and ro is used as the compressor engine A vertical windmill with a vertical shaft kinematically connected to the compressor by means of a gearbox and an electromagnetic brake clutch (ETM) mounted on the windmill shaft, electrically connected to the thermal relay, the sensitive element of which is located in the ground near the foundation piles, the thermal relay is included in the ETM power supply circuit, while being fixed coaxially in the trunks of the pile piles and the trunks themselves in the upper parts located above the surface of the soil are equipped with fittings for connecting with the pipes to the collectors, one of which rykh is connected by pipes to the pipes (evaporator) and connected by a pipe to the compressor discharge pipe, and another collector connected by pipes to the trunks is connected by a pipe to the inlet pipe of the condenser (heat exchanger), the output pipe of which is also connected via the pipe to the compressor inlet (suction) pipe .

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