RU2530867C1 - Device for storage of volatile oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: task is solved with achievement of the specified technical result by development of the device for storage of volatile oil products that includes one tank or tank farm with volatile products, which are equipped with breather valves, gas-equalising lines and a gas collector filled partially with low volatile oil product and equipped with a breather valve and a device for vapour input, and according to the invention having one or more gas collectors of permanent and/or variable volume, which gas spaces may/may not be interconnected, at that each gas collector at the input to gas-equalising lines has a locking device or single-way locking device with less setting for opening pressure than the setting of the breather valve installed at the tank with volatile oil product, and it is equipped with a device for vapour input, which, notwithstanding the level of gas collector filling, ensures input of vapours mainly over the surface of the low volatile product, moreover the gas-equalising lines may/ may not divert vapours to an electric generator motor or to a boiler plant or to an air-hydrocarbon vapour separator.

EFFECT: improving reliability and operational efficiency of the device, expanding armoury of technical facilities.

2 dwg

Description

Field of Invention

The invention relates to the transport and storage of oil and petroleum products, in particular to devices for reducing the loss of petroleum products from fumes and environmental protection from oil vapor.

State of the art

Currently, various devices are known that include gas equalization systems, gas collectors, reflective disks, pontoons and floating roofs, capable and designed to reduce gasoline vapor emissions from tanks.

It is known (author's certificate of the USSR No. 891591 MKP B65D 88/18, BI No. 28, 1981) a device for storing oil and oil products, including a reservoir connected by gas equalizing piping to a gas collector, and a bilateral conductivity valve is installed on the gas equalizing piping, and the gas collector is made in the form of a container with a gas space for hydrocarbons, between the gas collector and the tank body an additional valve with a dust collector is connected to the atmosphere. However, the operation of variable volume gas collectors is unreliable, and capacity is limited due to the high cost. Therefore, the efficiency of the device is low.

A device for storing oil and oil products (USSR patent No. 1809904 MKP F16K 17/19, BI No. 14, 1993), containing a reservoir with a breathing valve, equipped with a reflector disk and a mass transfer device installed inside the tank. The lower part of the mass transfer device, made in the form of a three-dimensional grid, is mounted on a reflector disk, and in its upper part there is an annular collector for supplying oil to the grid. However, in order for the oil product to absorb its own vapors displaced from the tank, it must be cooled to low temperatures, which requires significant energy and capital investments.

A device is known (RF patent No. 2055793 MKP 6 B65D 90/30, BI No. 7, 1996), comprising at least one reservoir with a breathing valve connected to the gas collector by means of gas equalizing piping, on which a double-conduction valve is installed, and a device for inputting and outputting vapors, the gas collector being made in the form of a container of constant volume equipped with a breathing valve, and a device for inputting and outputting vapors is located at the lowest point in the gas space of the gas collector.

The disadvantage of this device is that after the first filling of the gas collector with vapor of an easily evaporating oil product, its efficiency drops sharply, and the gas space of the gas collector is subsequently filled with almost the same vapor that is displaced from the tanks, so a mixture rich in hydrocarbons will be displaced into the atmosphere.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a device for storing volatile oil products (RF patent No. 2159204 MKP 7 B65D 90/30, 1999), including at least one or a group of reservoirs with volatile oil products equipped with breathing valves, gas equalizing piping with a two-way conduction valve, the gas collector is partially filled with low-vaporizing oil product, at the lowest point of which there is a device for vapor input-output, equipped with a breathing valve apan, moreover, the gas collector is equipped with an input device for an easily volatile oil product made in the form of an absorber to which a breathing valve is connected.

The disadvantage of this device is that vapors of a low-volatile oil product through a double-conduction valve enter the tanks with volatile oil products, impairing the properties of the products contained in them, in addition, the operation of the device depends on the level of filling the gas collector with a low-vaporizing oil product.

The present invention solves the problem of improving the reliability and efficiency of the device, and also provides a technical result in the form of an expansion of the arsenal of technical means.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem is solved with the achievement of the specified technical result, by providing a device for storing volatile oil products, including one or a group of tanks with volatile oil products equipped with breathing valves, gas equalizing piping, and a gas collector partially filled with low evaporating oil products and equipped with a breathing valve and vapor input device, according to an invention having one or more constant and / or variable volume gas collectors of gas, the gas spaces of which may or may not be combined, each gas collector at the inlet of the gas equalizing piping has a shut-off device or a shut-off device with one-sided conductivity with a lower opening pressure setting than the set point of the breathing valve on the tank with easily volatile oil product, and is equipped with a device for the introduction of vapors, which, regardless of the filling level of the gas collector, provides their input mainly above the surface of the low-volatile oil product, except Moreover, gas equalization piping may or may not be able to divert the vapors to the electric generator engine, or to the boiler room, or to a device for separating hydrocarbon vapors from air.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the technological scheme of a device for storing volatile oil products. Figure 2 shows a graph of a decrease in the concentration of hydrocarbons in the gas space of the gas collector when gasoline vapors come into contact with the moving surface of diesel fuel at temperatures of 275-303 K.

According to Fig. 1, a device for storing volatile oil products contains one or a group of reservoirs 1, 2 with easily volatile oil products equipped with breathing valves 3, gas equalizing piping 4 with a locking device 5 of one-sided conductivity, a gas collector 6 with a low evaporating oil product having a device for introducing vapors 7, and breathing valve 8. In addition, through the pipeline 9, the pairs can be discharged to the engine of the electric generator 10, or to the boiler room 11, or to the absorption, or adsorption, or densation, or any other device for separating hydrocarbon vapors from air 12.

The device operates as follows.

With increasing pressure in the reservoirs 1, 2, the device 5 opens, and the vapor of easily volatile oil products by gas equalization 4 through the input device 7 enters the gas space of the gas collector 6. Thanks to the vapor input device, and also since the vapor density of the easily volatile oil product is higher than that of the mixture in the gas the space of the gas collector 6, the introduced vapors tend to be distributed primarily above the surface of the product in the gas collector 6, displacing the mixture with a low concentration of hydrocarbons to its roof. Depending on the conditions, when the pressure in the gas collector reaches 100-200 kPa, the breathing valve 8 opens and the mixture with a low concentration of hydrocarbons is displaced into the atmosphere. However, in any case, the set point for the opening pressure of the breathing valve of the gas reservoir must be significantly lower than the set point for the pressure of the breathing valve of the gas tank. During the subsequent downtime, vapors of easily evaporating oil products that have fallen into the gas collector 6 are absorbed by the surface of the low-vaporizing oil product, freeing the gas space of the gas collector 6 under new “breathing” of tanks 1, 2.

Breathing valves 3 installed on the tanks 1, 2, play the role of safety. To prevent constant contact of the low-evaporating oil product in the gas collector 6 with the gas space of the tanks 1, 2, a locking device of one-sided conductivity is installed on the gas equalizing strapping 4.

With a large volume of vapors of easily evaporating oil products, a situation is possible when they will not have time to be absorbed by a low evaporating oil product, in addition, with a low turnover of a low evaporating oil product, its marketability may deteriorate. In this case, part of the vapor can be directed either to the engine of the electric generator 10 to generate electricity, or to the boiler room 11 to receive heat, or to a device for separating hydrocarbon vapors from air 12 (absorption, adsorption, condensation, and other types).

Figure 2 shows the dynamics of a decrease in the concentration of hydrocarbons in the gas space of gas collector 6 upon contact of gas vapors with the moving surface of diesel fuel at temperatures of 275-303 K. After three hours of contact, the concentration of hydrocarbons in the gas space of gas collector 6 decreases by 80-90%.

To prevent deterioration of the absorption capacity of low-volatile oil products, it is necessary that the ratio of sales volumes of volatile and low-volatile oil products meet the condition:

V _l / V _n = [C] / P,

where [C] is the permissible volume concentration of volatile oil in low evaporation;

P is the mass fraction of losses of volatile oil from tanks 1, 2.

The presented description of the implementation of the present invention illustrate the operation of the proposed device to reduce losses of oil products from fumes, as well as protect the environment from oil vapor. The scope of this invention is determined by the attached claims taking into account possible equivalent features.

Claims (1)

A device for storing volatile oil products, including one or a group of reservoirs with volatile oil products equipped with breathing valves, gas equalizing piping, and a gas collector partially filled with low vaporizing oil and equipped with a breathing valve and vapor input device, characterized in that it has one or more constant and / or variable volume, gas spaces of which may or may not be combined, each gas the nickname at the inlet of the gas equalizing strapping has a locking device or a locking device with one-sided conductivity with a lower opening pressure setting than the setting of the breathing valve on the tank with volatile oil product, and is equipped with a device for introducing vapors, which irrespective of the level of filling of the gas collector ensures their entry mainly above the surface of the low volatile oil product In addition, gas equalizing piping may or may not be able to remove vapors to the engine. an atom, or to a boiler room, or to a device for separating hydrocarbon vapors from air.

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