RU2530229C2 - Universal bench for automotive wheel disc straightening - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming, particularly, to straightening devices and can be used for repair of deformed wheel discs. Bench straightening devices include sets of outer and inner rollers arranged regularly relative to wheel rim circumference. Discs are straightened with the help of electric heater. Said heater consists of inner and outer heating devices composed of flat semi-rings with heating coils arranged there inside. They are mounted at current conducting bundled buses and insulated from heaters cases by heat conducting isolators. Disc heating temperature is controlled with the help of thermometer or pyrometer.

EFFECT: higher quality of straightening.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to devices for dressing, and can be used in the repair of deformed cast, forged and stamped disks of automobile wheels that have received deformations of various surfaces during the operation of vehicles. Dressing and repair at this stand are carried out using heat treatment of the deformed disk using an electric heating device, in order to give plasticity to the disk.

Known equipment: "Machine for editing wheels of automobile wheels" [1].

The specified machine contains a spindle assembly mounted on the bed with a face plate for fixing the straightened disk and the correct mechanism with rolling rollers, characterized in that the correct mechanism is mounted on the bed with the ability to move along the shaped groove made in it and installed at an angle of 45 ° ± 10 ° to the axis rotation of the straightened disk, and the dressing force from the working and pressure rollers is directed perpendicular to the surface of the straightened disk at an angle of 45 ° ± 10 ° to the axis of rotation, and the working and pressure rollers are installed on the support with the ability to move along the longitudinal axis and offset relative to each other along this axis. The machine includes a heating device for straightened discs made of aluminum alloys. A hydraulic jack with a manual drive is installed on the spindle assembly.

The description of the machine’s operation does not indicate in what way the disk is heated, which device is used in this case. No information is provided on optimal heating temperatures. Only alloy wheels are heated.

Known invention: "The method of editing sheet products" [2].

The subject of the invention is a method for straightening sheet products by applying compressive forces perpendicular to the straightening plane and subsequent heating without removing the load, characterized in that, in order to ensure straightening of sheet products, only the central part of the clamped section of the product is heated.

If there is a clap, bend or crease on the product, then the place where they are located in whole or in part (with subsequent rearrangement, if necessary) is compressed by mandrels.

Compression can occur until the desired shape is fully or close to it. Next, a short-term local heating of a small spot (relative to the entire clamped place to which efforts are applied) is carried out.

The most suitable heat source is the electrical contact method due to the electrical resistance of the corrected place. For this, welding spot or roller machines can be used.

However, this method provides editing only thin-sheeted and finned structures. The heating devices used in the electric contact method (welding spot or roller machines) cannot be used to heat the surface of the disk in the dressing zone. This method cannot be applied for dressing deformed sections of automobile wheel disks, including those having a curved bend of the seat surface of the disk rim in the form of a deviation from the parallelism of the inner seat cavity of the disk relative to the supporting surface of the disk, by which the disk is in contact with the hub of the vehicle axis.

The closest in technical essence and adopted as a prototype of the proposed technical solution is the "Universal stand for dressing wheels" [3].

The specified stand contains roller correct devices and a device for securing and driving straightened wheels. The correct devices are equipped with groups of outer and inner rollers placed evenly relative to the circumference of the wheel rim. The stand can be equipped with interchangeable rollers for dressing wheels having various shapes of the rim flange. It is possible to heat various sections of the wheel, for example, by means of burners mounted on the frame with the help of tripods.

However, the heating of the disk during its repair at the stand under consideration is carried out mainly by universal heating devices. Gas burners do not provide heating of the disk to the optimum temperature and maintaining it within specified limits during the entire editing process. The issue of temperature control is not resolved. Built-in burners can only provide heating of a small area of the disk that is in direct contact with the flame of the burners, and, as a result, it is impossible to fix defects on wheel disks in the form of "eights" that require uniform heating of the disk throughout the volume. With direct contact of the open flame of the burner with the disk, the metal and the protective coating of the disk are oxidized, which destroys its surface structure and requires repeated application of the protective layer. At the same time, the life of the disc is reduced. The use of gas burners is accompanied by the need for strict adherence to safety rules when working with an open flame, as well as for the maintenance of gas equipment (storage and transportation of pressurized cylinders).

The proposed solution carries out the task of creating a device with advanced functionality that allows to eliminate these shortcomings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the universal stand for straightening wheel disks of automobile wheels contains a device mounted on the frame for fixing and driving straightened wheel disks, in which the wheel is mounted coaxially with the latter on the drive shaft, as well as roller straightening devices with rollers external and internal to the wheel rim . Editing and repair at this stand are carried out using heat treatment of the deformed disk using an electric heating device.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the stand from the side. A universal stand for editing wheels of automobile wheels consists of a welded frame 1 with an electric motor 2, a gearbox 3, a drive shaft 4, a pair of vertically arranged levers 5 that move the traverse 6, a pair of vertically arranged levers 7 that move the outer rollers 8, electric heating device, consisting of internal 9 and external 10 heaters installed on the disk 16, which depending on the required degree of heating of the disk, as well as on the degree of accessibility tool to the deformed area can be applied simultaneously or separately.

Traverses 6 serve to transfer dressing forces from levers 5 to the inner rollers.

The outer rollers 8 with their axles 11 are fixed by means of brackets on both levers 7.

Both pairs of levers 5 and 7 can swing around the axles 12, fixed by means of brackets 13 on the frame. The upper ends of each pair of levers are interconnected by screws 14 with a trapezoidal thread. Due to the fact that the screw has threads of different directions of rotation at its ends, when the handwheels 15 rotate clockwise, the upper ends of the levers converge, thereby making the yoke 6 and the outer rollers 8 converge, and when the handwheels rotate counterclockwise, the ends of the levers diverge, spreading the yoke and outdoor rollers.

In order to be able to install the wheel on the drive shaft flange, one of the pair of levers 5 located on the side opposite to the drive can be freed from the screw and lowered to the floor, and the corresponding beam can be completely removed from the drive shaft.

Inner rollers with traverses provide the required diameter, and outer rollers of the required width of the rim landing flange.

Internal and external heaters have the same configuration (in the form of half rings) (figure 2) and the general principle of operation. The difference is that the internal heater 18 is made curved along the radius corresponding to the radius of the inner surface of the disk, and the outer 19 to the outer surface of the disk.

Figure 3 shows an electric heater made in the form of two strips of metal 22 with the edges pressed out on both sides. Moreover, the height of the heater is several times smaller than its width. The heating element of the device is made in the form of two stranded tires 24 located on the edges of the inner cavity 25 of the heater. Connectors are mounted on multicore buses 24, the screws 26 and 27 are screwed into the threaded holes for fixing the connectors to the tires 24 and securing the spirals 28. Instead of spirals, flat conductive elements can be used. The number of spirals and their sizes are selected in such a way that their combined power ensures that the disk is heated to the required temperature in a short period of time and maintains this temperature during dressing.

The metal strip 22 of the electric heater can be made, for example, of thin sheet steel (tin). The inner cavity is lined with electrically insulating heat-resistant and heat-conducting material 21, for example micanite with fiberglass. As the material of the connectors, for example, copper (brass, stainless steel) can be used.

To fix the insulating material 21 in the cavity of the electric heater, it is glued to the inner cavity of the heater with hot-melt adhesive 23. Additional fixing of the heating element and the insulating material is ensured by squeezing the edges of the tin strips in the form of a lock.

To connect the electric heating device to the power source, the ends of the multi-strand tires 24 are displayed outside the heater body, provided with ceramic beads 29 and end with loops 30 (Fig. 3).

To ensure the safety of the operator of the stand in case of violation of the integrity of the electric heating device, the edges of the heaters 18 and 19 opposite from the removed tires are equipped with grounding devices 20 (Fig. 2).

The stand works as follows (figure 1).

Installation of the internal 9 and external 10 heaters on the disk 16 is performed outside the stand. At the same time, they are held on the surfaces of the disk due to friction and elasticity of the bodies. The shell of the heaters is made of elastic material, which allows the heaters to fit snugly against the surfaces of the disk due to the spring properties of their walls.

On the flange of the drive shaft 4 is attached to the disk 16, subject to editing. In accordance with the shape of the rim flange on the rim, the outer rollers 8 are mounted, which are mounted on the vertical arms 7, and the inner rollers, which are mounted in the cross beams 6.

Loops of multi-strand tires 17 are connected to the wires of the power source. Grounding is connected. The supply voltage of the current source heats the heater spirals. In this case, initially (at the first start-up), the degree of heating of the heater to the required level of heating of the disk is adjusted.

Warming up the disk ensures the ductility of the material of the disk and, therefore, allows a qualified correction of defects of the disk.

To objectively control the temperature of a heated disk, a device is used, for example a thermometer or pyrometer.

It is envisaged to automatically maintain the required heating temperature using an automatic device that turns off the electric heating device when the set temperature is reached and turns it on when the temperature starts to drop.

After that, the electric motor is turned on, which drives the drive shaft through the gearbox together with the wheel mounted on it. By rotating the flywheels 15 clockwise, the outer rollers 8 and the traverse 6 are uniformly close to each other, as a result of which the outer and inner rollers come closer to each other and begin to roll along the rim surface.

Rotating, the rim under the influence of external and internal rollers is completely straightened.

Upon completion of the correction of disk defects, the electric heating device is de-energized, grounding is turned off, the disk is removed from the stand and the heating device is removed from the disk cavity.

Information sources

1. "Machine for dressing rims of automobile wheels" certificate for utility model in class B21D 3/02, author Nesterov A.A., declared on 23.08.2004.

2. "The method of editing sheet products" No. 465250 of the USSR, declared 07.07.69.

3. "Universal stand for dressing wheels" No. 2062153 of the Russian Federation, declared 06.05.92.

Claims (4)

1. A universal stand for editing wheels of automobile wheels, comprising a device for fixing and driving straightened wheel disks mounted on the frame, adapted to fasten the wheel to the drive shaft coaxially with the latter, and roller straightening devices with rollers external and internal to the circumference of the wheel rim, characterized the fact that it is equipped with a device for controlling the heating temperature of the disk, and an electric heating device for heat treatment of the deformed disk, consisting of early and external heaters made in the form of flat half rings with heating spirals placed inside, mounted on multicore busbars and insulated with heat-conducting insulating material from the heater bodies. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal conductivity of the spirals of the heaters is selected in such a way that when the electric current passes, the required heating temperature of the disk is achieved and maintained during editing. 3. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that a thermometer is used as a device for controlling temperature. 4. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that a pyrometer is used as a device for controlling temperature.

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