RU2530004C1 - Method of electric fuse blasting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: incendiary charges are interconnected in the direction of initiation of blasthole charges with connection for transmission pulse of ignition of the incendiary composition. The connection is formed of incendiary pipe connected with a segment of the shock-wave tube. One end of the incendiary pipe - igniting fuse - is inserted into the first incendiary charge, and the other end of the incendiary charge - blasting cap - is connected to the end of the segment of the shock-wave tube. The other end of the segment of the shock-wave tube is inserted into the second incendiary charge.

EFFECT: increased productivity and safety improvement of works, reduction of time of explosion of blasthole charges for one time by reducing the time interval between bursts of blasthole charges and reduction of seismic impact on rock walls, preventing their rock fall.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for blasting minerals in rocks of medium and below average stability in ore and alluvial mines.

The problem of electric fire blasting is as follows.

There is a method of initiating borehole charges during electric fire blasting using an electric igniter of a fire wire cord (Mountain Encyclopedia. Volume 5. Sovetskaya Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1991, pp. 462-463), including the installation of incendiary tubes in boreholes with explosives, shortening the length of incendiary tubes and connecting them into bundles, introducing these bundles together with the segments of the flame-retardant cord of the ignition tube into incendiary cartridges, connecting the electrical wires of the electric igniters of these pipes between itself and a source of electrical current conductors electroexplosive network feeding electrical current to all tubes elektrovosplamenitelnym simultaneous ignition of igniter composition and incendiary ammunition ignition beams incendiary tubes shpurovyh blasting powder charge during afterburning yarns fuse incendiary tube.

Common features of the known method with the claimed invention are:

- installation of incendiary tubes in drill holes with explosives;

- shortening the length of the incendiary tubes and connecting them into bundles;

- the introduction of these beams into each incendiary cartridge;

- input into the first incendiary cartridge in the direction of initiating the blast-hole charges of a section of the fire-conduit cord ignited from the electric igniter of the igniter tube;

- connection of incendiary cartridges with each other by communication;

- the supply of electric current to the first in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges to the electric igniter with a segment of the fire-conducting cord of the ignition tube 4;

- ignition of the incendiary composition of incendiary cartridges;

- blasting blast holes while burning the powder thread of the fire wire of incendiary tubes.

The disadvantages of this method is the limited amount of breakdown of minerals at one time blasting blast holes as a result of their small number at specified seismic safety indicators and the maximum permissible length of the incendiary tube.

As a result, the face is blown up in several stages. This reduces productivity by increasing blasting time.

The prototype adopted a method of initiating drill holes according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2379620. Posted on 01/20/2010, Bull. No. 2. The method includes loading boreholes with explosive with incendiary tubes, shortening and installing their bunches in incendiary cartridges, introducing into the first ignition cartridge section of the fire-conductor cord of an electric ignition tube in the first direction of initiation of boreholes, interconnecting incendiary cartridges in the direction of initiation of boreholes with a link to transmit an ignition pulse incendiary composition incendiary cartridge, the supply of electric current from its source and blasting holes charges.

Common features of the known method with the claimed invention are:

- installation of incendiary tubes in drill holes with explosives;

- shortening the length of the incendiary tubes and connecting them into bundles;

- the introduction of these beams into each incendiary cartridge;

- input into the first incendiary cartridge in the direction of initiating the blast-hole charges of a section of the fire-conduit cord ignited from the electric igniter of the igniter tube;

- the connection of incendiary cartridges with each other by a connection for transmitting an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition;

- the supply of electric current to the first in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges to the electric igniter with a segment of the fire-conducting cord of the igniter tube;

- ignition of the incendiary composition of incendiary cartridges;

- blasting blast holes while burning the powder thread of the fire wire of incendiary tubes.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- low productivity with increasing distance between incendiary cartridges, which leads to an increase in the time of blasting of bore holes in one go;

- the inability to change the time interval between explosions of drill holes:

- the inability to control the seismic effects of the explosion on the side rocks;

- low safety as a result of uncontrolled caving.

The reason for the shortcomings is the lack of technical solutions that provide improved performance blasting technology.

The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem of creating a high-tech and safe method of blasting.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase productivity and safety by reducing the time of blasting of blast holes in one go by reducing the time interval between blasting of blast holes and reducing the seismic effect on the side rocks, preventing their collapse.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved by the fact that the method of electric fire blasting, including charging holes with explosive with incendiary tubes, shortening and installing them in bundles in incendiary cartridges, introducing the incendiary cartridge of a section of a fire-conduit cord of an electric ignition tube into the first in the direction of initiation of the hole charges, connecting the incendiary cartridges in the direction of initiation of borehole charges by communication to transmit an ignition pulse of incendiary of the composition of the incendiary cartridge, the supply of electrical energy from its source and the blasting of drill holes, characterized in that the connection for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition of the incendiary cartridge is formed by connecting the incendiary tube to a segment of the shock wave tube, while the incendiary tube detonator capsule is connected to the end of a segment of a shock wave tube, a segment of a fire-conducting cord of an incendiary tube is introduced into the first incendiary path in the direction of initiation of borehole charges it, and the other end of the segment shock wave tube is introduced into the second direction initiation shpurovyh incendiary charge cartridge, and the length of the interval of shock wave tube is determined by the formula:

$$L_{\mathrm{At}\mathrm{AT}T}=L_C-N\times \Delta L$$

where L _UVT - the length of the segment of the shock wave tube, m;

L _C is the communication length for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition, m;

N is the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge, pcs .;

ΔL - the difference in the length of the incendiary tubes, m

The connection for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition of the incendiary cartridge is formed by connecting the incendiary tube to a segment of the shock wave tube. This is due to the fact that the length of the incendiary tube introduced into the first incendiary cartridge is less than the distance between the incendiary cartridges. The length of this incendiary tube is taken equal to the product of the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge by the difference in length between them. This length is less than the distance between the incendiary cartridges. Therefore, in order to ensure the required time interval between explosions of drill holes, the difference in the distance between the incendiary cartridges and the length of the incendiary tube is compensated by connecting the incendiary tube to a segment of the shock wave tube. The speed of transmission of the ignition pulse to the detonator capsule along the powder thread of the incendiary tube is 1 cm / s, and the detonation speed of a segment of the shock wave tube for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition is 2000 m / s. Therefore, the transmission time of the ignition pulse of an incendiary composition along a segment of a shock wave tube is negligible in comparison with the transmission time of an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition along an incendiary tube. As a result of this, the time interval between blast-hole explosions is provided as required. This ensures the achievement of a technical result.

The incendiary tube detonator capsule is connected to the end of the shock wave tube segment. As a result, a link is formed to transmit the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition between two adjacent incendiary cartridges, providing the conditions for the required deceleration interval. The result is the achievement of a technical result.

A piece of a fire-conduit cord of the incendiary tube is introduced into the first incendiary cartridge in the direction of initiation of the blast-hole charges, which makes it possible to transmit a communication ignition pulse to transmit an ignition pulse of the ignition composition. This ensures the achievement of a technical result.

The other end of the segment of the shock wave tube is introduced into the second incendiary cartridge in the direction of initiation of the borehole charges, which leads to ignition of the ignition composition of the ignition cartridge when transmitting the ignition pulse of the ignition composition. This ensures the achievement of a technical result.

The proposed method of electric fire blasting is illustrated by the drawing in figure 1, which shows a diagram and means of blasting.

The positions of the electric fire method of blasting are indicated by the following numbers:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 - incendiary tubes;

1, 5, 9 - incendiary tubes of minimum length;

4, 8, 12 - incendiary tubes of maximum length;

13, 14, 15 - incendiary cartridges;

16, 20 - communication ignition tubes for transmitting an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition;

17, 21 - capsule-detonator of an incendiary tube;

18, 22 - clamp connecting the detonator capsule with a segment of the shock wave tube;

19, 23 - segments of shock wave communication tubes for transmitting an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition;

24 - a segment of a flame-retardant cord of an electric ignition tube;

25- electric igniter;

26 - electrical wires of an electric ignition tube;

27 - electric wires of an electric explosion network;

28 is a source of electric current.

The method of electric fire blasting is as follows. The holes are charged with explosives with incendiary tubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, which are collected in bundles. Incendiary tubes 1, 2, 3, 4 are shortened, assembled into a beam and installed in the first incendiary cartridge 13 in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges. Beams with shortened incendiary tubes 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, 19, 11, 12 are installed in the second and the third in the direction of initiation of borehole charges incendiary cartridges 14, 15, respectively. Incendiary cartridges 13 and 14, 14 and 15 are interconnected to transmit a ignition pulse of the incendiary composition of incendiary cartridges 14, 15. The connection between incendiary cartridges 13, 14 consists of an incendiary tube 16 with a detonator capsule 17 connected by a clamp 18 to a section of shock wave tube 19. The connection between incendiary cartridges 14, 15 consists of an incendiary tube 20 with a detonator capsule 21 connected by a clamp 22 to a segment of the shock wave tube 23.

In the first direction in the direction of initiation of the blast hole charges, the ignition cartridge 13 is inserted the end of the length of the flame-retardant cord of the ignition tube 16. In the second in the direction of initiation of the blast holes, the incendiary cartridge 14 is inserted the other end of the shock wave tube 19. In the second direction of initiation of the blast holes, the ignition cartridge 14 is inserted of the section of the fire-conduit cord of the ignition tube 20. In the third incendiary cartridge 15 in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges, the other end of the shock wave tube 23 is introduced Thus, the incendiary cartridge 13 is connected by a communication for transmitting an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition of an incendiary cartridge 14, and the incendiary cartridge 14 is connected by a communication to transmit an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition of incendiary cartridge 15. The number of incendiary cartridges connected by a communication to transmit an ignition pulse of an incendiary composition is not limited.

In the first direction in the direction of initiation of the blast holes, the incendiary cartridge 13 is inserted into the length of the fire-conduit cord of the electric igniter tube 24. The minimum length of the ignition tubes 1, 5, 9 in each incendiary cartridge 13, 14, 15 is taken equal to the minimum length of the ignition tube 1 of the first in the direction of initiation of the blast holes cartridge 13.

The length of the communication ignition tube 16 connecting the incendiary cartridges 13, 14 and the length of the communication incendiary tube 20 connecting the incendiary cartridges 14, 15 are taken equal to the product of the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge by the length difference between them according to the formula:

$$L_{\mathrm{about}w}=\Delta L\times N,m$$

where L _Osh - the length of the communication ignition tube for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition, m

ΔL - the difference in the length of the incendiary tubes, m

N is the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge, pcs.

The length of the segments of the shock wave tubes 22 and 27 is determined by the formula:

$$L_{\mathrm{At}\mathrm{AT}T}=L_{\mathrm{from}}-N\times \Delta L$$

where L _UVT - the length of the segment of the shock wave tube, m;

L _with - the communication length for the transmission of the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition, m;

N is the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge, pcs .;

ΔL - the difference in the length of the incendiary tubes, m

The electric wires 26 of the electric igniter 25 are connected to the electric current source 28 by the electric wires of the electric explosion network 27. The ignition cartridges 13, 14, 15 are ignited sequentially in the direction of initiation of the blast holes. When applying electric current from the source 28 to the electric igniter 25, a section of the fire wire cord 24 of the electric ignition tube is ignited, which ignites the ignition composition of the ignition cartridge 13, and the latter ignites the ignition tube bundle of the ignition cartridge 13 simultaneously with the powder thread of the ignition tube 16, which is part of the communication for transmitting the pulse ignition of the incendiary composition of the incendiary cartridge 16. When burning the powder thread of the incendiary tube 19 at a speed of 1 cm / s, the combustion flame is accessible pushes the detonator capsule 17 with the clamp 18 and initiates this detonator capsule. The explosion of the detonator capsule 17 initiates the detonation of the explosive covering the inner surface of the segment of the shock wave tube 19. This explosive detonates at a speed of about 2000 m / s. Explosive detonation products with a temperature of about 3000 degrees Celsius coming from the other end of the segment of the shock wave tube 19 ignite the ignition composition of the ignition cartridge 14, ignite the ignition tube bundle of the ignition cartridge 14 simultaneously with the powder thread of the ignition tube 20, which is part of the communication for transmitting the ignition pulse incendiary composition, which transmits the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition incendiary cartridge 15.

An impulse for the direct initiation of drill-hole charges is transmitted when the gunpowder thread burns out of the sections of the fire-resistant cord and the detonator caps of the incendiary tubes 1, 2, 3, ... 10, 11, 12 are blown up. The sequence and the deceleration interval when initiating the drill-hole charges within the bundles of incendiary tubes installed in incendiary cartridges 13, 14, 15, provide a difference in the length of these incendiary tubes. The sequence and interval of deceleration during the blasting of the blast holes initiated by the maximum and minimum lengths of incendiary tubes (4 and 5, 8 and 9) located in adjacent incendiary cartridges (13 and 14, 14 and 15) are provided by exceeding the total length of the incendiary tube section included the composition of the communication for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition connecting the incendiary cartridges 13 and 14, and the minimum length of the incendiary tube 5 over the maximum length of the incendiary tube 4, as well as the excess of the total length a segment of the ignition tube 20 and the minimum length of the ignition tube 9 over the maximum length of the ignition tube 8. This ensures the equality of the time delay between the explosions of adjacent blast holes. Moreover, the presence in the connection between adjacent incendiary cartridges of a segment of the shock wave tube allows you to change the time interval between explosions of drill holes in a wide range, creating conditions for different amplitude-frequency characteristics of the seismic explosion. Such indicators make it possible to prevent collapse of lateral rocks, increasing the safety of work and the quality of the extracted mineral.

Achievement of the technical result of the claimed invention, we consider the example shown in the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2379620. Posted on 01/20/2010, Bull. No. 2.

Conditions for calculation. The length of the blasting face (lava) is 60.0 m. The thickness of the permafrost sand is 2.8 m. The location of the holes is staggered in the upper 2/3 of the hole with an additional hole in the soil of the formation. The distance between two pairs (displaced by the thickness of the formation) of the holes along the length of the lava is 1.2 m. The depth of the holes is 1.9 m. The total number of blasted holes along the entire length of the lava is 60.0 m / 1.2 m × 4.0-4 , 0 = 196.0 holes. The distance between two incendiary cartridges in the direction of initiation of boreholes is 1.2 m, the length of the transmission link of the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition connecting these incendiary cartridges is 1.6 m. The number of incendiary tubes in one incendiary cartridge is 4 pcs. The time interval between blast-hole explosions is 40 s. The blasting time of 196 holes on the prototype is 137.0 minutes According to the application for the invention, the time interval between the blasting of hole charges is 10 s. The time of blasting the borehole charges according to the claimed invention is: 10.0 s × 196 pcs. / 60.0 s = 32.66 min = 33.0 min. Thus, the use of the proposed method of blasting allows to reduce the time of blasting of blast holes at a time in comparison with the prototype by 3.97 times.

Thus, the set of distinctive features in the claimed invention provides a difference in the length of the incendiary tubes of the required size, that is, the required time interval between the blasting of the blast holes, reducing the blasting time of the blast holes. This contributes to the achievement of a technical result. In addition, the number of blast holes blown up at one time is not limited, and the amount of mineral exploded at one time increases. The seismic effect of the explosion on lateral rocks is reduced. This increases productivity, work safety, as well as the quality of the extracted mineral.

The novelty of the claimed invention lies in the absence of technical solutions similar to the claimed.

The inventive step of the claimed invention is as follows. A connection involving the connection of an incendiary tube with a shock wave tube is known. However, the connection by this connection of two incendiary cartridges located in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges leads to a new technical result. It becomes possible to change the time interval between explosions of boreholes, regardless of the distance between incendiary cartridges or boreholes. This reduces the time of blasting of blast holes in one go, increases productivity, and also reduces the seismic effect of the explosion on the side rocks, preventing their collapse, and increases the safety of work.

The application of the claimed invention is to reduce the duration of the blasting of 196 drill charges in comparison with the prototype 3.97 times.

Claims (1)

A method of electric fire blasting, including charging boreholes with explosive with incendiary tubes, shortening and installing them in bundles in incendiary cartridges, introducing into the first incendiary cartridge section of the fire-conduit cord of an electric ignition tube, interconnecting incendiary cartridges in the direction of initiation of boreholes by coupling for the transmission of the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition of the incendiary cartridge, the supply of electric current from it and and blasting of blast hole charges, characterized in that the connection for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition of the incendiary cartridge is formed by connecting the incendiary tube to a section of the shock wave tube, while the detonator capsule of the incendiary tube is connected to the end of the section of the shock wave tube, a section of the fire conductor cord the incendiary tube is introduced into the first incendiary cartridge in the direction of initiation of the bore-hole charges, the other end of the segment of the shock wave tube being introduced into the a swarm in the direction of initiation of borehole charges incendiary cartridge, and the length of the segment of the shock wave tube is determined by the formula:
$$L_{\mathrm{At}\mathrm{AT}T}=L_C-N\times \Delta L$$

where L _UVT - the length of the segment of the shock wave tube, m;
L _C is the communication length for transmitting the ignition pulse of the incendiary composition, m;
N is the number of incendiary tubes in the incendiary cartridge, pcs .;
ΔL - the difference in the length of the incendiary tubes, m