RU2529392C1 - Machined transdental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: one-piece machined transdental titanium implant is made individually by computer machining. It consists on an intraradicular portion formed as a truncated cone and having a rough surface corrugated as a thread with rounded end face portion, and an individual stump supraradicular portion in the form of the prepared stump corresponding to its group specificity having a circular skew at an angle of 135 degrees. The length of the intraradicular portion of the transdental implant is individual and depends on the root length.

EFFECT: invention enables higher quality of fixation of the transdental implant and the effectiveness of the orthopaedic dental rehabilitation with resected and excised root reinforced with the transdental implants.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgical dentistry, and can be used to restore biomechanical parameters of teeth with resected and amputated roots and their orthopedic rehabilitation.

Often, a chronic inflammatory process in the region of the apex of the root leads to its resorption, and subsequent resection - to even greater shortening of the root.

It is well known that in teeth with resected roots (with a shorter root length) biomechanical indices decrease and previously normal functional load is inadequately perceived, which leads to the occurrence of mobility and subsequent tooth loss. In this regard, the problem of restoring the biomechanical parameters of a tooth with a resected apex or amputated part of the root is solved by reinforcing them with endodonto-endoossal or transdental implants.

The prior art endodontic-endoossal implant in the form of a rod of a larger diameter, including the intra-root part, and installed in it a rod of a smaller diameter, including the intraosseous and intra-root parts. A thread has been made along the entire length of the intra-root portion of the larger diameter rod to connect with the smaller diameter rod, the intraosseous part of which is coated with a screw thread, and an additional fixing rod is screwed into its upper part, having the shape of a hexagon. A crown part is made on the upper part of a larger diameter shaft, on which an artificial tooth crown is installed (RF Patent No. 2209049 of 04/02/2002).

The disadvantages of this endodonto-endoossal implant are:

- the complexity of the technical implementation of the surgical intervention to establish;

- the high cost of the implant due to the complexity of the design;

- just one size, which narrows the scope of implant use due to the large spread of the anatomical parameters of the root canals in various groups of teeth;

- EEI design is intended for single-rooted teeth.

Known endodontic-endoossal implant made in the form of a rod, including the intraosseous part, covered with a screw thread, the intra-root part and the crown part, on which the artificial tooth crown is installed. The coronal part includes a part of the shaft 3 mm high and 0.2 mm larger in diameter than the diameter of the intraosseous and intra-root parts, the transition being smooth, and a pin connected to the crown part of the rod, made 2 mm high and with a square cross-section the length of the side is 0.1 mm smaller than the diameter of the core part of the shaft, while the intraosseous part has an olive-like apex, and the intra-root part is roughened (RF Patent No. 2276970 of 07.07.2004).

Known endodonto-endoossal implant containing a housing, a support head-suprastructure with retention longitudinal grooves, made in the form of a cap, in the form of the corresponding stump of the prepared tooth, and a mounting pin. The implant design provides effective fixation of fixed orthopedic constructions on endodontic-endoossal implants (RF Patent No. 2290897 from 06.22.2005).

The disadvantage of this design is that the head-superstructure is made independently and is attached to the tooth root and implant by cement fixation, and this can lead to the separation of the crown part under cyclic loads experienced by the tooth.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of restoration of biomechanical parameters of teeth with resected and amputated roots, as well as increase the effectiveness of orthopedic rehabilitation of these teeth.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of fixation of a transdental implant, as well as to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic dental rehabilitation of teeth with resected and amputated roots reinforced with transdental implants.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the milled transdental implant is made individually, by computer milling, is made of titanium in one piece and consists of a truncated conical root part having a rough surface, made corrugated in the form of a thread with a rounded end part and an individual stump root part made in the form of a stump of a prepared tooth, corresponding to its group affiliation, having a circular bevel at an angle of 135 degrees c, the length of the intra-root part of the transdental implant is individual and depends on the length of the root.

The design of the proposed milled transdental implant is illustrated in the drawing, where in figure 1:

1. The root of the tooth.

2. Root stump after resection.

3. Milled transdental implant.

4. The inner root portion of the milled transdental implant.

5. The corrugated surface of the intraosseous part of the milled transdental implant with a rounded end surface.

6. The root part of the milled transdental implant.

7. The circular bevel of the root part of the milled transdental implant.

8. Artificial crown.

The proposed milled transdental implant is manufactured as follows.

The coronal part and the mouth of the root canal [1], for which resection or amputation of the root is planned [2], is prepared under the pin-stump tab according to classical technology. An impression is obtained of the silicone mass, on which a gypsum model is made. On the obtained model, a replica of the transdental implant is adapted and the root part of the milled transdental implant [6] is modeled from wax, on which a circular bevel [7] is formed at an angle of 135 degrees. The resulting structure is treated with a special powder to obtain an optical impression and converted to digital format using a CADNCAM scanner system. Using a computer program, the diameter of the intra-root part of the implant is simulated [4], with the condition of a circular gap between the implant and the walls of the root canal, of 100 microns, necessary for the location of the cement on which the milled transdental implant is fixed [6], and the end of the intra-root part of the transdental implant It is modeled in the form of a truncated cone with a rough and corrugated surface made in the form of a thread with a rounded end part [5]. After that, the transdental implant is milled from a block made of titanium. The obtained milled transdental implant during surgery is fixed in the tooth [1] with the resected or amputated part of the root [2] with immersion of the intraosseous part in the intraoperative defect. Immediately after the operation on the root part [6], a temporary artificial crown [8] is made.

Claims (1)

The milled transdental implant is made individually by computer milling and is made of monolithic titanium and consists of an intra-root part made with individual preliminary modeling with the condition of a circular gap between the implant and the root canal walls and the end of which is made in the form of a truncated cone with a rough and corrugated surface in the form of a thread with a rounded end part, and the root part is made in the form of a stump of a prepared tooth corresponding to its groups howl accessories having circular bevel angle of 135 degrees, the length vnutrikornevoy transdentalnogo implant part is individual and depends on the length of the root.

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