RU2529089C1 - Operation of muscle-driven carrier and muscle-driven carrier to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed carrier comprises frame and wheels, two interconnected flutes arranged on both sides of said frame to turn about carriage, two rollers displacing in appropriate flute and turning on axle with slide block flange. Axle with pedal flange is secured to that slide block. Slide block can displace in the groove of block fitted on carriage axle.

EFFECT: uniform wear of wheels.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to muscular vehicles (hereinafter - MTS), driven by the muscular strength of a person, and can be used as a vehicle for moving a person using his muscular strength.

The claimed method of movement of the MTS has no analogues.

State of the art

Currently, all vehicles driven by muscular power have drive wheels (propulsors), to which torque is transmitted through muscular power and various known transmissions (mechanical transmissions) [1]. Driving wheels, receiving torque, interact with the road (earth's surface) by means of friction, which causes the movement of the MTS.

But the well-known transmissions and mechanical transmissions of torque from pedals to drive wheels in the well-known MTSs are structurally complex, expensive to manufacture and maintain. Complex and unreliable gear shifting system. The speed of known MTS is limited due to the inclusion of human legs in the kinematic chain of transmission. There is no unification of the driven and driving wheels due to the difference in their interaction with the road by means of friction. In addition, the frictional force between the drive wheel and the road causes increased wear on the tire of the drive wheel (propulsion) compared to the driven wheel. In addition, the trajectory of the pedals in the known MTS transmissions does not take into account ergonomics regarding the movement of human legs.

The claimed method of movement of the MTS is intended to eliminate the listed disadvantages of the known MTS moving in a known manner.

Method Disclosure

, где масса тела М и скорость тела $$\overrightarrow{V}$$

имеют переменные значения для заявленного способа движения МТС.The movement of the MTS according to the claimed method is illustrated using the law of conservation of momentum of the body $$\overrightarrow{p}=M\overrightarrow{V}$$

where body weight M and body speed $$\overrightarrow{V}$$

have variable values for the claimed method of movement of the MTS.

The figure 1 schematically shows MTS 3 with a device containing two grooves 1 and two rollers 2, which are kinematically not connected with the wheels of MTS 3. When viewed from the side, only the left groove is visible and both rollers are shown conditionally for the left and right legs. Each of the rollers is differently loaded with a mass of people. The front roller is loaded with most of the human mass M _h , which causes an impulse for the forward movement of the MTS. The rear roller is loaded with the mass of the human leg M _n , which causes an impulse to move the MTS backward, but this impulse is on average 6 times less than the impulse for the MTS to move forward. In this case, the mass of MTS and a person is considered as a system consisting of two bodies, namely:

1) MTS with a block mounted on it of two oval guide channels and a person whose total mass is M _o ;

2) two rollers, each of which is alternately loaded with most of the mass of a person M _h or the mass of his legs M _n .

Each of the two rollers, being in its gutter, has the ability to roll along its perimeter under the influence of certain human impulses - M _h V _p or M _n V _p . Here V _p is the rolling speed of the roller relative to the perimeter of the trough and, therefore, the MTS as a whole.

The figure 2 shows a diagram of one gutter on an enlarged scale, on which its perimeter is divided into 4 functional segments of the action of pulses:

AB is the working impulse of the roller loaded with most of the mass of a person M _h ;

BC - the impulse of the roller directed upward with the mass of the legs of a person M _n ;

CD is the reverse impulse of the roller with the mass of the legs of a person M _n ;

DA is the impulse of the roller directed downward with the mass of the legs of a person M _n .

The second (right) gutter having the same profile is also divided.

Figure 3 schematically shows both rollers 2, which are located on a straight line passing through the middle of the groove 1 (shaft axis 14 - figures 4 and 5), around which they rotate, which is shown at positions a, b, c with an interval of revolution of 180 ° .

On each of the indicated segments of the gutter 1 (Fig. 2), the pulse vector of the roller 2 with the greater mass of a person M _h or his legs M _n concentrated on it has different values and directions in the plane of the gutter 1.

Section AB - working. In this segment, the momentum vector of the roller 2 with the larger mass of a person concentrated on it M _{h is} directed parallel to the tangent K ₁ to the middle of the segment AB and at an angle α to the horizon G. Therefore, the horizontal component of the momentum of the roller 2 in scalar form will be M _h V _p cosα, which included in the formula for conservation of momentum in this system (paragraphs 1 and 2):

On this segment, the maximum impulse is achieved in this system and, therefore, the maximum speed is V _mts . For example, when a person uses the entire mass of his body M _h , if desired, quickly increase the initial speed of the MTS.

The magnitude of most of the mass of a person M _h , which presses on the rollers 2, is regulated by the pulses of various muscles of the person, causing movements of the knee, hip and other joints, which transmit their impulses to the rollers. Thus, in this system, in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum, the MTS moves according to the claimed method using human energy.

The segment of the aircraft is auxiliary. On this segment, part of the mass of a person is the mass of his legs M _n . The rolling of the roller 2 with the mass of a person’s legs, in the middle of this segment, at the touch point of the vertical line K ₂ , is directed vertically upward. Therefore, the impulse M _n V _p here will also be directed vertically upward without affecting the MTS speed. The scalar components of the pulses M _n V _p from point B to the point of contact of the line K ₂ and from the point of contact K ₂ to point C are equal and directed horizontally, but in opposite directions. Therefore, their amounts are equal to zero and they also do not affect the calculated (actual) speed of the MTS.

Segment CD - auxiliary. For this segment the angle α of inclination of tangent K to the horizontal T ₃ is the same as for the AV interval, but as the mass here involves only human leg mass M _n. The horizontal component of the pulse in scalar form on this segment M _n V _p cosα acts in the second (right) trench simultaneously with the scalar component M _h V _p cosα acting on the segment AB in the first (left) trough, but its vector is directed in the opposite direction. Therefore, on this segment (CD), it gives the term component for MTS with a minus sign:

which in absolute value is less than V _mts .

The DA segment is auxiliary. This segment is similar to the segment BC. However, the rolling of the roller here in the middle of the plot, at the point of contact of the vertical straight line K ₄ , perpendicular to the horizontal G, is directed vertically downward. Therefore, the impulse M _n V _p here will be directed vertically down without affecting the speed of the MTS. The scalar components of the pulses M _n V _p from point D to the point of contact of the line K ₄ and from the point of contact K ₄ to point A are equal and directed horizontally, but in opposite directions. Therefore, their amounts are equal to zero and they also do not affect the calculated (actual) speed of the MTS.

An analysis of the pulses of the rollers 2 on the segments of the grooves 1 shows that for calculating the speed V _mts only the difference between the working pulse on the working segment AB from one roller and the simultaneous pulse on the auxiliary segment CD from the other roller is important, i.e. M _x V _p cosα - M _y V _p cosα. This difference is part of the formula for the law of conservation of momentum for the claimed method of movement of the MTS:

From the formula (3) the speed of the MTS:

where V _mts - MTS speed, m / s;

N - the number of gutters (complete with roller) on the MTS;

α is the angle between the tangent to the middle of the working segment (AB, figure 2) and the horizontal;

M _h - most of the mass of a person, kg;

M _n - weight of a person’s legs, kg;

V _p - the speed of movement (rolling) of the rollers along the perimeters of the gutters, m / s;

n ^-1 is the number of times the roller revolves around the perimeter of the gutter in one second;

η - mechanical coefficient of performance (COP) of the MTS;

M _about - total mass - MTS and person, kg.

Muscular vehicle for implementing the method

The MTS device for implementing the method is illustrated using figures 1, 4, 5, 6, 7: figures 1, 4 show MTS - side view; figure 5 is a sectional view from above; in figures 6 and 7 are sections of the roller assembly.

The MTS contains: two oval shaped troughs 1 located on both sides of the MTS 3 frame, fastened together through spacer sleeves 4 and capable of turning around the carriage 5; two rollers 2, each of which has the ability to move in the corresponding groove 1 (Figs. 4, 5) and rotate on the axis 6 with the shoulder 7 of the rocker stone 8 (Figs. 5, 7), to which the axis 9 is coaxially fixed with the shoulder 10 of the pedal 11 (figure 5, 7), and the rocker 8 has the ability to move into the groove 12 of the wings 13 (6), mounted on the shaft 14 of the carriage 5.

Driving a muscle vehicle for implementing the method

The MTS control device for implementing the method is illustrated using figures 4, 8, 9. The device comprises: a flexible shaft 15 with threads 16 and 17 on both of its tips, one end of which is installed in the eye 18 of the grooves 1 and screwed into a shrink disk 19, which is fixed on the MTS frame 3, and the other end of which is mounted on the bracket 20, which is mounted on the handle of the steering wheel 21, and the threaded tip 17 is screwed into the pointer 22 for the degree scale 24 mounted on the bracket 20, and a flywheel is installed on the tip 17, while the parameters threads on both tilt students 16 and 17 may differ from each other.

Human actions when moving on a muscle vehicle for the claimed method

Through one of the pedals 11, the roller 2, located on the axis of the pedal, is installed in the upper part of the segment AB of the groove 1 (Fig.2, 4), after which it is loaded with most of the mass of a person M _h At the same time, the second leg of a person stops resting on the surface of the road and is installed on the second pedal 11 of the device (figure 1). The first impulse occurs in a system consisting of:

1) MTS, with a person on it, the total mass of which M _about ;

2) a roller loaded with most of the mass of a person M _h

As a result, there is a movement of the MTS, which is supported by subsequent pulses of the rollers 2 on the segments AB of the grooves 1 (Fig.2, 4), in accordance with formulas (3) and (4), using human energy.

For specific road conditions - a longitudinal road profile, the optimal angle α (figure 2) between the tangent K ₁ to the middle of the working segment of the groove 1 and the horizontal G is set by rotating the flywheel 23 (Fig. 8, 9), which transmits torque to the threaded end 16 , which is screwed (turned out) into the shrink disk 19, which leads to the rotation of the groove 1 (Fig.2, 4) in the direction of increasing (decreasing) angle α.

With a change in the angle α, the horizontal, scalar component of the momentum also changes. For example, when driving uphill, the angle α is reduced by a certain amount. The number of hits n ^{-1 of the} roller 2 along the perimeter of the gutter 1 in one second can also change - increase or decrease (formula (4)).

Benefits

From the description and the graphic part it is seen that the MTS for the claimed method of movement is structurally simpler, cheaper to manufacture and maintain, and therefore more reliable in operation than the well-known MTS. In the management of the claimed device provides stepless regulation of the magnitude of the pulse and, consequently, the speed of the MTS. And the trajectory of the legs of a person, supported on the pedals of the device, takes into account the ergonomics of a person in terms of the movement of his legs. Namely: the movements of the human legs repeat the profile of the oval troughs. For the claimed method of MTS movement, there are no concepts of “drive wheel” and its “slipping” - its front and rear wheels are unified and therefore their resource is the same, i.e. longer lasting. In addition, the MTS according to the claimed method, ceteris paribus, is faster than the known MTS, due to the absence (unnecessary) kinematic connection (transmission) between the rollers 2 and the wheels of the MTS 3.

These advantages show the economic efficiency of the MTS for the claimed method of movement compared with MTS for the known method of movement.

The implementation of the invention

A muscular vehicle (MTS) for implementing the claimed method of movement is structurally simpler, more technologically advanced and cheaper to manufacture than the well-known MTS. All details of MTS for the implementation of the claimed method of movement have a simple configuration, do not require unique equipment for their manufacture. They can be made at a modern engineering plant, having forging and stamping, thermal, mechanical, mechanical assembly production. Material for their manufacture: stainless steel, including alloys based on titanium and aluminum. Some parts and components for MTS can be purchased, for example, a frame 3 (Fig. 4) with wheels, a flexible shaft 15 (Figs. 4, 8), and more.

Or this option: they create the assembly production of MTS from purchased units and parts from specialized enterprises located both within our country and in other countries.

Information sources

1. "Muscular vehicles." Internet, Wikipedia.

2. "Transmission of muscle vehicles." Internet, Wikipedia.

Claims (3)

1. A muscular vehicle containing a frame and wheels, two oval gutters located on both sides of the frame, fastened together and able to rotate around the carriage, two rollers, each of which can move along the corresponding gutter and simultaneously rotate on the c axis the shoulder of the rocker stone, to which the axis with the pedal shoulder is coaxially fixed, the rocker stone being able to move into the groove of the rocker mounted on the carriage shaft. 2. The muscular vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a flexible shaft with a thread on its tips, one end of which is installed in the eye of the gutters and screwed into a shrink disk that is mounted on the frame, and the other end of which is mounted on an arm, which mounted on the handle of the steering wheel, and the tip is screwed into a pointer for the degree scale mounted on the bracket and a handwheel is installed on the tip, while the thread parameters on both tips of the flexible shaft may differ from each other. 3. The method of movement of a muscular vehicle in which a muscular vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 is used.

Images