RU2527004C1 - Device to process ground and loose materials by steam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device is designed to process or disinfect ground and loose materials by steam. It comprises intake-loading mechanism, processing chamber with nozzles for steam feed and feed and rotation drive, screws to feed material into processing chamber and discharge therefrom and seal chambers. One of said chambers is arranged between said material feed auger and processing chamber to contact therewith while second chamber is located at the end of material discharge auger.

EFFECT: compact design, ruled out emission of harmful matters into atmosphere.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of processing and / or disinfection with steam or other high-temperature gas of crushed and bulk materials.

A device for heat treatment of materials is known, comprising a loading and loading device, a compaction chamber, screw conveyors for feeding material into and out of the processing chamber (RU 2119380, 09.27.1998). The disadvantage of this device is that such a system requires a significant size of the seal chamber, since the material in the seal chamber is not wetted, which does not allow to achieve its high density. This in turn leads to its large dimensions.

A device is known for steam heat treatment of bulk and crushed materials under pressure, comprising a receiving and loading device, a treatment chamber with nozzles for supplying steam and a stirring mechanism, mechanisms for supplying material to and from the treatment chamber (RU 2034013, 04.30.1995). The disadvantage of this installation is that it is difficult to manufacture and cannot be used for continuous autoclaving.

A device is known for steam heat treatment of bulk and crushed materials under pressure, comprising a receiving and loading device, a treatment chamber with nozzles for supplying steam and a stirring mechanism, mechanisms for supplying material to and from the treatment chamber (SU 1051111, 04/27/58).

The disadvantages of this technical solution is that the process is cyclic, since from time to time, when unloading and loading material, the depressurization of the processing chamber occurs. As a result, the quality of steaming is reduced and there is an overspending of steam.

The closest in technical essence is a device for steam processing of crushed and granular materials under pressure, containing a receiving and loading device, a processing chamber with nozzles for supplying steam and a mechanism for moving and mixing, screw conveyors for feeding material into and from the processing chamber ( RU 2331829, 17/12/2002).

The disadvantage of this device is that the processing chamber, in the absence of material in the receiving-loading device or in the chamber itself, is depressurized. This is due to the fact that the feed or output screw is freed from the material being promoted and spontaneous release of steam occurs through them, and with it unwanted microbes and toxic substances enter the atmosphere, for example, if the device is used to disinfect any material.

The technical essence of the present invention is the creation of a small-sized device with a continuous process of processing and disinfection of material by autoclaving and eliminating the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere.

The present technical essence is achieved by the fact that the device for steam processing of crushed and bulk materials, containing a loading and loading mechanism, a processing chamber with nozzles for supplying steam and a moving and mixing mechanism, screws for feeding material into the processing chamber and out of it, further comprises two compaction chambers, one of which is located between the auger for feeding the material and the processing chamber and is in contact with the latter, and the second at the end of the auger for removing materials from it.

An inventive step in the present technical solution is achieved in that the seal chamber located between the material feed screw and the processing chamber is directly connected with the latter, and the material entering the seal chamber is in direct contact with the vapor (wetted). Moreover, taking into account the fact that this material passes through the seal chamber not in a state of mixing (as in the prototype), it moves in a laminar flow, i.e. with a more tight fit to the walls of the seal chamber, high-temperature steam only moistens the material to a shallow depth, which is enough to swell and prevent steam from breaking through the loading system into the atmosphere. This design feature allows you to more effectively lock the camera with a moving stopper of the processed material, a shorter length than in analogues and prototype, which affects the dimensions of the device.

The second sealing chamber, located at the end of the outlet screw, acts similarly, with the only difference that the material enters it already wet.

Figure 1 is a diagram of the device.

The device consists of a loading and receiving mechanism 1, placed above the screw 2 for feeding material into the processing chamber 3. Between the screw 2 and the processing chamber 3, at the boundary with the latter, a sealing chamber 4 is placed. In the processing chamber 3 there is a moving and mixing mechanism 5 of the incoming material. The device contains a screw 6, for outputting the processed material from the treatment chamber 3, with a second seal chamber 7 located at the end of it. In the processing chamber 3 there are control devices (not shown) and nozzles 8 for supplying heated steam.

The device operates as follows. The material enters the receiving-loading mechanism 1, from which it is fed by a screw 2 into the compaction chamber 4, where it is sealed to a certain density and then fed into the processing chamber 3. In the processing chamber, the material is simultaneously mixed and moved by the movement and mixing mechanism 5 and fed into the screw 6 , to output the processed material into the second chamber 7 of the seal. After the material is densified in the second sealing chamber, steam is supplied to the treatment chamber through nozzles 8. The incoming heated gas creates pressure in the treatment chamber, the steam partially enters the seal chamber 4, the material in it from the side of the treatment chamber becomes wet and is compressed to a higher degree of density, which prevents the penetration of vapor from the treatment chamber into the atmosphere. The final compaction of the material in the chamber 7 of the seal occurs after the start of receipt in it of steamed material from the processing chamber 3.

Claims (1)

A device for steam processing of crushed and bulk materials, containing a loading and loading mechanism, a processing chamber with nozzles for supplying steam and a mechanism for moving and mixing, augers for feeding material into the processing chamber and out of it, characterized in that it further comprises two compaction chambers , one of which is placed between the auger for feeding material and the processing chamber and is in contact with the latter, and the second is at the end of the auger for removing materials from it.