RU2526934C2 - Cargo body - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport engineering. Cargo body includes floor, boards and other carcass component parts. The body has special reversible belt conveyor built in it. Opened ends of conveyor belt are connected by flexible coupling, for instance by chains enveloping sprockets. The sprockets are fitted on electric drive shaft. On the edge of belt upper part the limiting panel is fixed vertically which contains pressing element for two limit switches located on body board. There is photocell on the edge of board.

EFFECT: reduced handling time.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for freight bodies in freight vehicles, for example, vans.

Currently, loading, for example, a van is as follows. There are 1-2 movers in the back. Cargo, if there is no overpass, is supplied from below to the edge of the floor of the body either with a truck or with loaders. Loaders in the body move this load towards the cab to the front wall of the body and return back for the next batch of cargo, which is moved to the first batch. And so on, at full load.

Then, after transportation to the designated place, unloading occurs in the reverse order.

This method of loading and unloading (hereinafter - RDP) is used in many cases. For example, for trade enterprises, in warehouses, when transporting household items, in closed territories (military units, hospitals, etc.).

This PRR method is inefficient and tedious for those movers who are in the body and move the load in it.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the time of the PRR and facilitate the work of loaders.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a special reversible belt conveyor with a control system for mechanically moving goods in the body and eliminating the need for loaders to be in the back of the truck during the PRR is attached to the van body.

Figure 1 schematically depicts a van with a conveyor integrated in its cargo body.

Figure 2 shows a design variant of the bearing support shaft with rotation of the outer ring of the bearing.

Figure 3 is the same, but with the rotation of the inner ring

Figure 4 shows a complicated version of the cargo body with additional lateral vertical conveyors.

Figure 5 schematically shows a railway freight car with a standard opening in the middle of the wall (side) and three built-in conveyors.

In Fig.6 - the same, but with additional openings at the end of the car and with one built-in elongated conveyor.

The cargo body consists of the body itself, to the floor of which a belt conveyor 1 is fixed, an open tape (web) of which covers the shafts 2.

Flexible connections are attached to the open ends of the tape, for example, chains 3, which thus close the tape. The chains cover the sprockets 4, mounted on the shaft of the drive 5, for example, an electric drive controlled from a remote control (not shown) with buttons:

- On / Off switch with indicator;

- “loading”;

- “unloading”;

- “On / Off Photo Stop” with indicator.

At the upper end of the conveyor belt, a restriction shield 6 is vertically fixed with a pressure element 7 at its edge. On board the body are two limit switches 8. At the edge of the side there is a photocell 9, controlled from the remote control by a photostop.

The conveyor shafts are supported by spherical ball bearings. It is also possible to use plain bearings.

A safety shield 12 is attached to the body board 11. Between the conveyor belt 13 and the body floor 10 there is a gap for the fasteners of the support bodies and for cleaning the conveyor from dirt.

In a complicated embodiment of the cargo body, in order to avoid the cargo being hooked on the sides when they are moving on the belt, and as a result of their turn, additional vertical belt conveyors 14, receiving movement from the rigidly connected shield 6, are built in to the body sides.

PRR on such a body occur as follows.

Before loading, with the tailgate open, on the remote control, after turning on the power with the “On / Off switch” button, and the indicator lights up, the “Unloading” button is pressed and the conveyor belt moves to the back, open part of the body, until the shield pressing element 7 presses the rear limit switch 8 and the conveyor stops in its original position, leaving the necessary area, limited by the edge of the body and the shield, to install the first batch of cargo. Thus, during loading, the load is not installed deep into the body, but only on its edge near the open tailgate.

This is precisely the effect of the invention.

Next, the “Loading” button is pressed and the conveyor belt with the cargo moves deep into the body (approximately at a speed of 30 cm / s), freeing up space for a second batch of cargo. Then the “Loading” button is pressed and the conveyor stops. After loading the second consignment of cargo, the “Loading” button is again pressed and the belt again moves deeper into the body, freeing up the necessary space for the next consignment. And so, until the pressure element 7 of the shield presses the front limit switch 8 and the conveyor stops.

Unloading - in reverse order. That is, during unloading, first the last batch of cargo located on the edge is removed, then the penultimate one moved to the edge, etc. until full discharge. Moreover, when you press the "Unloading" button, the "photo stop" is automatically turned on and photocell 9 is activated, stopping the conveyor if the "Unloading" button is not pressed in time and the load can fall out of the body.

In order to avoid displacement of goods by inertia, the beginning and end of the conveyor belt should be smooth, without jerking.

If the PRR are made on a large van (wagon), then a car or other lift should carefully drive into its body, for which it is necessary to have a flyover.

If there is a described truck body in the truck, an overpass for the car is not required, because you don’t need to call in the truck, since you can put and remove the load on the edge of the body. And this will save a lot of time.

Two vans having the described cargo bodies can overload cargo from one van to another if they are located to each other with their rear open sides at a small safe distance into which some kind of transition element can be placed. In this case, one van should work for unloading, and the other - for loading. Thus, automatic overload is obtained.

In the "dump truck" mode, such a van or truck can work if you want to dump the entire load, for example, into a hatch or dump.

The “dump truck” mode is also effective, for example, when unloading bags of vegetables, when the bags, leaving the body, sliding along the inclined surface of the tray (not shown), fall to the right place.

In the simplest version of the use of the described truck body for small vans, the conveyor belt can be without breaking, without chain traction and without a limit shield. But in this case, the tape (web) should be sufficiently stretched so as not to lose traction with the drive shaft, which should rotate from a self-braking manual drive, for example, with a worm gear. The bodywork of such a simple option is understandable without illustration.

According to the described principle, it is possible to carry out PRR on railway freight cars.

In the first embodiment (Fig. 5), a car having a standard opening 15 in the middle contains two side conveyors 1, the same as in the van, and the middle 16, which differs from the side in size and structurally. In principle, PRRs occur as in a wagon. The cargo is first installed on a medium, free, conveyor. Then, at the same time, the middle and one of the side conveyors are turned on, moving the load in one direction. After filling one side of the car body, the other side is similarly filled. Unloading - in reverse order.

In the second embodiment (Fig.6), in the standard freight car, in its end part, additional openings 17 are made for installing and removing loads from one elongated conveyor 18.

PRR on such a car are similar to those described above.

The described options for cargo bodies are especially effective in case of shortage of time, in emergency situations, when line delivery of goods is required.

The disadvantage of such cargo bodies is a slight decrease in the net volume of the body, a slight increase in the level of installation of the load and some weighting of the body. As for the cost of the body, it should pay off due to a significant reduction in the time of loading and unloading.

Claims (2)

1. A truck body, for example, a van, including floor, sides and other component body parts, characterized in that a special reversible belt conveyor is built into it, the open ends of the belt of which are connected by a flexible connection, for example, chains covering sprockets mounted on the drive shaft , for example, an electric drive, and on the edge of the upper part of the tape a limit shield is vertically fixed, on which there is a pressure element for two limit switches located on the body, and on the edge of the side there is a photocell t. 2. The cargo body according to claim 1, characterized in that vertical belt conveyors are integrated to the sides of the body, kinematically rigidly connected to the conveyor installed in the cargo body.

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