RU2526690C2 - Packaging container with space filled with pressurised gas between inner bag and outer container - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: packaging industry.SUBSTANCE: present invention relates in general to new developments in the field of packaging containers for dispensing products and, in particular, to packaging containers, in which the distribution of the fluid medium contained in them is carried out by application of compression pressure of the fluid medium to the inner bag. The packaging container (2) comprising an inner layer (21) forming a bag (10) filled with the fluid medium, which is made with the ability to be disconnected from the outer layer (22) forming the container, and the pipe (5) which fluidly connects the volume bounded by the bag to the atmosphere and disconnected from it by the sealing means (1), and the said container additionally comprises at least one bypass duct (3) fluidly connecting the space (24) between the inner and outer layers (21) and (22) to the atmosphere. The said bypass duct comprises a closure means made with the ability to control the gas flow between the said space (24) and the atmosphere, at that the said space (24) contains an amount of gas (V) at pressure (P), which is insufficient to compress the bag and displace more than 80% the contained fluid medium. The present invention also relates to a kit comprising a packaging container as defined above, and to the dispensing device.EFFECT: eliminating the need of bulky and noisy equipment, such as pumps or compressors, requiring large costs.12 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to new developments in the field of packaging containers for dispensing a product and, in particular, to packaging containers in which the distribution of the fluid contained therein is carried out by applying a compression pressure of the fluid to the inner bag.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Packaging containers, called, depending on the shape of the outer container, packaging bottles or packaging boxes, all terms used in this document with the meaning given to the term packaging container, belong to the family of packaging for the distribution of the fluid, consisting of an outer container containing an opening opening into the atmosphere, the pipe, as well as a folding inner bag connected to the specified container. A fluid intended for dispensing, for example a beverage, is in the bag, and dispensing of said fluid can be effected by any of the following methods.

(a) by injecting gas into the space between the inner bag and the outer container (US patent No. 3484011, US patent No. 3450254, US patent No. 4330066 and US patent No. 4892230; US patent No. 5301838, US patent No. 5407629, Japan patent No. 5213373, Japan patent No. 8001761; European patent No. 1356915; US patent No. 6649121; Japanese patent No. 10180853);

(b) by containing compressed gas in the space between the inner bag and the outer container, and this space is then hermetically sealed after filling (UK patent No. 2184491; European patent No. 741088; UK patent No. 1414329; US patent No. 4039103; international patent publication No. 2006087462; international patent publication No. 2007085051; international patent publication No. 2007128157; European patent No. 1055537; European patent No. 776834; French patent No. 2446128);

(c) by creating a reduced pressure in the inner bag, this extrudes the fluid from the bag (European patent No. 596142; European patent No. 391817; international patent publication No. 9211187; international patent publication No. 9312013);

(d) by applying external mechanical pressure to the bag using an elastic sleeve (international patent publication No. 8200780; international patent publication No. 9314987) or a movable element (international patent publication No. 2006068586; international patent publication No. 2007105934);

(e) by injecting compressed gas into an inner bag for contacting a dispensing fluid, using a dispensing tube immersed in the fluid; This solution method differs from the previous ones in that the folding bag is not used as drive means for distribution, but is used exclusively as a disposable, hygienic means for storing the product.

It is common in the above methods (a) and (b) that an external fluid compression pressure is applied to the inner bag, wherein said fluid is limited in the space between the inner bag and the outer container. These methods of solution have the advantage that the pressure-generating gas never comes into contact with the fluid to be dispensed, nor does it require a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure in the inner bag to suck in the liquid contained therein.

In the method (a), comprising injecting gas into the space between the inner bag and the outer container during dispensing, there is no excess pressure in the space before dispensing the beverage contained in the bag, until the dispensing of the contents of the bag is activated by introducing compressed gas into the space between the inner bag and an external container, in this case, theoretically, the overpressure can / should decrease to the zero point at which the indicated distribution is interrupted. This method has special advantages in that:

- the outer container does not require resistance to high pressure, and, as a rule, it is enough that when used it is essentially denser than the bag (which is very malleable), and

- the initial (that is, before using the container) volume (V) of the space between the inner bag and the outer container can be very small, it can even be zero if the inner bag is molded in a single operation together with the outer container by means of pneumoforming.

However, the disadvantages of this method include the following:

- for pumping compressed gas into the specified space, either bulky and noisy equipment, such as a pump or compressor, which is expensive when using cans of compressed gas (for example, cans with liquefied gas CO ₂ ), or rather complicated equipment, is necessary, when using control valves between the inner and outer containers;

- if the inner bag contains oxygen-sensitive fluids, the walls of the inner and outer containers, which, for financial reasons, are made as thin as possible, are the only protection against oxidation; and

- when packaging containers are jointly molded by the method of pneumoforming, the walls of the inner and outer containers that adhere, albeit loosely, to each other, can create problems when they separate from each other when injecting compressed gas into the region between them.

On the other hand, method (b) for containing compressed gas in the space between the inner bag and the outer container, in which this space is then hermetically closed after filling, copes with most of the disadvantages of the previous method, but leads to other disadvantages, in particular, :

- the outer container must be resistant to high pressure;

- the container must certainly be larger than the specified capacity of the bag, since a certain initial volume must be provided (VJ of the space between the inner bag and the outer container for accommodating compressed gas (propellant gas);

- The pressure in space decreases rapidly as the bag compresses. Most designs containing compressed gas space include "pressure-resistant containers" (as indicated in international patent publication No. 9212912) that can withstand high pressure. Such pressure-resistant containers cannot be jointly molded by the method of pneumoforming two-layer preforms. In some developments, original solutions have been proposed, namely, that CO _{2 is} produced in situ during fermentation (European patent No. 0314554) or during desorption of gas adsorbed on zeolite or coal (European patent No. 0569590), but the use of such solutions remains limited.

The present invention provides an original solution that eliminates the disadvantages of both methods (a) and (b) and, at the same time, takes into account their respective advantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is defined in the attached independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. In particular, the present invention relates to packaging containers comprising an inner layer forming a fluid-filled bag, said bag being detachable from the outer layer forming the container, and further comprising a nozzle through which the bag is in fluid communication with the atmosphere and which is separated from it by means of sealing, while the specified container further comprises at least one outlet channel, flow-wise connecting the space between the outer and inner layers with atmosphere. Packing containers containing such outlet channels are suitable for use in dispensing methods, including injecting compressed gas through said outlet channels to displace fluid from the bag. In addition, they can be used in methods in which the fluid is sucked out of the bag to balance the pressure in the specified space with the atmosphere as the volume of the bag decreases, but such nozzles are simple openings that do not contain a closure, and cannot be connected to a compressed source gas. The present invention provides only nozzles made with the possibility of connection with a source of compressed gas, which additionally must contain a closing means capable of controlling the gas flow between the specified space and the atmosphere. In the present invention, in the gap between the inner bag and the outer container of the packaging container at a pressure (P _i ), there is not enough gas (V _{s, i} ) necessary to compress the bag to displace more than 80% of the fluid contained therein.

The present invention also relates to a kit containing a packaging container, as described above, and a device for accommodating a packaging container, comprising a dispensing tube with means for connecting it to a nozzle of the packaging container, as well as an external source of compressed gas with means for connecting it to an outlet channel and for interacting with said closure if additional pressure is needed to displace the fluid from the inner bag.

In a preferred embodiment, the closure means is opened when the pressure in the space drops below a predetermined value. Alternatively or simultaneously, the closing means opens when the external pressure is higher by a predetermined value than the pressure in space. In a simpler embodiment, the closure may be opened when punctured as a result of attaching the duct to an external source of compressed gas.

Preferably, the gas filling the space between the inner bag and the outer container has an initial pressure (P _i ) (i.e., when the inner bag is completely full and no fluid contained therein has been dispensed) of 0.1 to 6.0 bar, preferably from 0.1 to 4.0 bar, most preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 bar. The given volume of space (V _{s, i} / V _c ), where V _{s, i} is the initial volume of the specified space (or gas at pressure (P _i ), and V _c is the volume of the container, which should be as small as possible to reduce the size of the outer container, and should be less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 0.1%. The initial volume (V _si ) of the indicated space may approach zero, especially if the packaging container is made by the jointly formed method of pneumoforming of two polymer preforms as a result those that receive a container consisting of two layers connected by a weak interface with the possibility of separation. The interface between the inner and outer layers of the containers molded together by the method of pneumoforming, as a rule, is destroyed by the end user when gas is injected between the layers through the channel after the distribution is carried out However, as can be expected, the separation of the layers is not always reproducible and can lead to undesired deformation of the bag and to the formation of a filling ennyh fluid cavities isolated from a bag pipe, which leads to incomplete distribution of the fluid. When a predetermined amount of gas is added to the space between the bag and the container before the end consumer distributes the contents of the inner bag, the interface between these two layers is destroyed in a controlled manner, which provides convenient use of the packaging container and ensures accurate and complete distribution of the fluid contained in it. Any leak in the bag can be fixed immediately, as the inner bag is filled with fluid and a pre-compressed gas is pumped into the space. Therefore, after injecting the specified amount of compressed gas through the interface, any packaging container with defects on the interface or in the bag can be immediately detected and rejected.

In accordance with the present invention, packaging containers can be used for various applications, including dispensing therapeutic fluids, chemicals, etc. However, the preferred application relates to the implementation of the distribution of drinks, carbonated or not, in particular soft drinks and beer. In many applications, the fluid may be oxidatively sensitive. By pre-pumping gas, such as CO ₂ or N ₂ , into the space between the inner bag and the outer container, additional benefits are obtained from extending the shelf life of the fluid, since this gas forms a coating or insulating layer that prevents the diffusion of oxygen through the walls of the outer container and the inner bag.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a packaging container made in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a graph of the pressure drop in the space between the inner bag and the outer container when using a packaging container pre-filled with compressed gas.

Figure 3 is a graphical view of a packaging container made in accordance with the present invention, mounted on a device for dispensing and ready to use.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Packing container

With reference to FIG. 1, a packaging container (2) is shown comprising an inner bag (21) filled with a fluid (10) and an outer container (22) connected at least at the neck level (6) via an interface (not shown drawing). The space (24) of the volume (V _{s, i} ) between the inner bag (21) and the outer container (22) is in fluid communication with at least one outlet channel (3) and is filled with a certain amount of gas pre-compressed at pressure (P ₁ ), which the initial volume of space (V _{s, i} ) is filled, which will be determined below. The specified exhaust channel is separated from the atmosphere by means of a closing means (4) suitable for controlling the gas flow through the exhaust channel (3). Closing means is considered in this document as a means of controlling the flow through the outlet channel (3) if it can move at least once from the closed position preventing any gas flow to the open position allowing the gas to flow through the outlet channel (3). A simple cork or lid, typically used in compressed gas-filled packaging containers, is not considered as a flow control means in this document since their sole purpose is to seal the space pre-filled with compressed gas from the atmosphere. Similarly, the channel in the packaging container, used to equalize the pressure in the specified space and atmosphere, when the inner bag is compressed when the fluid contained therein is drawn in, cannot be considered as flow control, since the channel must remain open.

The closing means (4) may be a valve that can be controlled manually or automatically, depending on the pressure in the space (24). According to another embodiment of the invention, the closure means (4) may be punctured to the open state after the packaging container has been installed on the corresponding dispenser. In this embodiment, the closure means (4) may be an ordinary cover made of an elastomeric material, for example rubber. The lid or cork of elastomeric material may contain a thinner section to facilitate piercing or to break it when the pressure difference between the space (24) and the gas source (103) reaches a predetermined value. Preferably, the outlet channels (3) and the corresponding closing means (4) are located next to each other and are oriented coaxially with the nozzle (5), which simplifies the installation of the packaging container on the dispenser (Fig. 3).

In accordance with the present invention, the packaging container may be manufactured by any known method. However, the most preferable manufacturing method is the method of joint pneumoforming of two-layer preforms or two connected preforms, performed in one technological process, as a result of which a two-layer container is obtained, in which the inner and outer layers are separated by an interface, which provides almost zero space volume (V _s = 0) prior to injection of the pre-compressed gas (US Patent Application No. 11/785748 to Inbev). The injection of pre-compressed gas at a pressure (P _i ) through the channel (3) causes the interface to be disconnected between the inner bag and the outer container, providing a smooth and more controlled compression of the inner bag during use, thereby giving strength to the product. Packaging containers made by the joint pneumoforming method, with an excess delamination pressure of approximately 0.5 ± 0.1 bar, show only small traces of cohesive fracture between the inner and outer layers, which indicates that injection through the interface of the pre-compressed gas at a pressure (P _i ) is greater less than 0.5 bar in packaging containers made by co-molding, can effectively cause interface disconnection.

The interface can be further weakened by applying a release agent on either of two or both surfaces of the inner and outer preforms forming the interface of the packaging container. Any commercially available release agent that is most suitable for the materials used for the preforms and resistant to molding temperatures can be used, such as release agents based on silicone or PTFE (e.g., Freekote). The release agent can be applied immediately before installing the preforms on the pneumoforming device, or the preforms can be pretreated with an agent.

Alternatively, or in addition to applying a release agent, the interface can be weakened by pneumatically forming the packaging container, as well as by using preforms without an air gap between the internal and external preforms, by blowing a fraction of the compressed fluid used between the two preforms to prevent direct contact between the internal and outer layers and, thereby, to prevent the formation of a solid interface between the two layers. The fraction of compressed fluid injected between the two preforms should be carefully measured so that enough fluid is injected to form a thin layer of fluid between the two layers, but also an excess of fluid, which can lead to insufficient blowing the inner bag. The desired proportion can be easily determined during a series of tests.

Preferred materials for the packaging container described in the present invention are polyesters, for example PET, PEN, PTT, PTN, polyamides, for example PA6, PA66, RAS, PA12, polyolefins, for example PE, PP, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, biodegradable polymers, for example, polyglycol acetate (PGAc), polylactic acid (PLA), copolymers and mixtures thereof. When using different materials for pneumoforming of the inner and outer layers, their optimum molding temperatures should not differ from each other by more than 70 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, most preferably 10 ° C, while the optimum temperature of the molding should match. The temperature of the layer can be determined by infrared measurement.

In the packaging containers jointly formed by the method of pneumoforming, said at least one outlet channel (3) is preferably made in the form of a wedge with a wide side at the level of its opening with closing means (4) placed in it, and the channel becomes narrower as it deepens inside the container, until these two layers converge with the formation of the interface (24), at least at the neck level. The container may contain one or more bypass channels evenly distributed along the edge of the nozzle of the packaging container. It is preferable to have several outlet channels, since they provide a more uniform separation of the interface of the inner and outer layers (21) and (22) of the packaging container (2) after injection of compressed gas through these outlet channels. Preferably, the preform contains two openings of the outlet channels made on the edge of the container nozzle, located diametrically opposite. More preferably, three, and most preferably at least four branch channels are open at the edge of the nozzle at the same distance from each other.

Initial gas pressure and volume of space

The fluid compression force can be applied to the inner bag of the packaging container to literally “squeeze” the fluid out of the bag, or:

(a) by injecting compressed gas into the space between the inner bag and the outer container during distribution; in this method, the initial pressure (P _i ) in space (24) is essentially zero and its initial volume (V _{s, i} ) can also be considered zero; the source of compressed gas may be a pump or a compressor, in particular, gas containers (for example, containers with liquefied CO ₂ ) can be used in household electrical appliances; or

(b) by containing compressed gas in the space between the inner bag and the outer container, wherein this space is sealed after being filled with gas; in this method, the initial pressure (P _i ) and the volume (V _{s, i} ) should be sufficient to displace all the fluid contained in it from the bag.

As described in the section entitled "Background of the invention", cans with compressed (or liquefied) gas are quite expensive, so increasing their service life would be beneficial to the end user. Similarly, reducing the size of a pump or compressor used in the process of dispensing a fluid is beneficial in terms of cost, noise, and bulkiness of the device.

Method (b) solves all these problems, since it does not require a spray can or compressor. On the other hand, the initial pressure (P _i ) of the compressed gas contained in the space (24) must be high in order to provide sufficient driving force to squeeze out substantially all of the fluid contained in the bag. It is believed that there is no additional driving force capable of displacing the fluid from the bag at a pressure (P) in the bag equal to or lower than the pressure (P ₀ ) required to deform the bag and to move the fluid intended for dispensing to the highest point of the tube distribution.

It is understood that the pressure (P) in the space (24) of the sealed packaging containers decreases as the bag volume decreases (V _B = V _C -V _S ) as it compresses. For ideal gases, P = (P _i * V _{S, i} ) / V _s , and the subscript “i” refers to the pressure and volume of space (24) before use, and the subscripts B, C, S refer, respectively, to the bag (21), container (22) and space (24). Dividing both members of this expression by the volume (V _C ) of the container and performing the transformations, we obtain the expression:

$$P=(P_i*(V_{S,i}/V_C))/(V_S/V_C)(\mathrm{one})$$

which is graphically represented in FIG. 2 as pressure (P) depending on the relative volume of the space (V _S / V _C ). The initial volume of space before dispensing any drink is defined by the expression V _{S, i} / V _C , and the minimum pressure necessary to compress the bag to displace fluid from the bag is represented as P ₀ with the corresponding space volume V _{S, 0} / V _C. The volume of the fluid, the distribution of which cannot be performed due to insufficient pressure in the space (24), is simply 1-V _{S, 0} / V _C. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the initial pressure (P _i ) and the volume (V _{S, i} ) of the pre-compressed gas in the space (24) is sufficient to distribute only 40% of the fluid initially contained in the inner bag, resulting in , in accordance with the present invention, remains (1-V _{S, 0} / V _C ) = 60% of the fluid in the bag. This result would not be acceptable for any pressurized packaging container using method (b), as defined above, in which the compressed gas is hermetically sealed in space (24). The manufacturer, placed in such a situation, must either increase the initial volume (V _{S, i} ) of space (24), thereby increasing the size of the container, or increase the initial pressure (P _i ) of gas in space (24), which, according to essentially leads to the need for a more durable outer container that can withstand deformation when creating such an overpressure.

The present invention takes advantage of each of the methods (a) and (b), as defined above, and at the same time does not have the corresponding disadvantages of these methods. In fact, in the present invention, the space (24) of the packaging container is pre-filled with compressed gas located in the volume (V _{S, i} ) at a pressure (P _i ) which is insufficient to displace all the fluid contained in the inner bag. According to the present invention, the initial volume (V _{S, i} ) and pressure (P _i ) of the compressed gas located in the space (24) are such that no more than 80%, preferably between 10% and 70%, and most preferably between 25% and 50% initially contained in the inner bag of fluid can be squeezed out of the bag when it is compressed (i.e., V _S / V _C = (V _{S, i} -V _{CS, 0} ) / V _C ≤0.8) . To displace the remaining contents of the inner bag (1-V _{S, 0} / V _C ) from the bag _, additional pressure is provided due to an external source (103) of compressed gas connected to the outlet channels (3) and together with the closing means (4) controlling the flow gas through the channels. The external source (103) of compressed gas may be a pump, compressor, or a can of compressed gas (for example, a can of liquefied CO ₂ ).

The benefits of this solution are unexpectedly great. If the initial gas content determined by (V _{S, i} and P _i), it is sufficient to displace, say, 50% of the initial liquid content of the inner bag, and the remaining fluid is expelled from the bag by an external source of compressed gas, for example, via spray, then the service life of the can is doubled in relation to the same system without preliminary sealing of the space (24), while the end users receive corresponding savings. Compared to a fully pressurized packaging container, the mechanical strength of the outer container is proportional to the initial pressure (P _i ) in the third degree, which leads to a significant reduction in the cost of containers, with corresponding savings for end users.

Ideally, the initial volume (V _{S, i} ) in which the pre-compressed gas is located should be minimized to reduce the overall container size for the specific capacity of the inner bag. Preferably, it should be in the range of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 1% of the total volume (V _C ) of the container. Ideally, the initial pressure (P _i ) depends on a number of parameters, for example, on the relative initial space volume (V _{S, i} / V _C ), the minimum working pressure (P ₀ ) of the device and the mechanical resistance of the outer container. In general, the initial pressure (P _i ) is from 0.1 to 6.0 bar above atmospheric pressure, preferably from 0.5 to 4.0 bar, most preferably from 1.0 to 3.0 bar.

In accordance with the present invention, for the production of a packaging container, it is first necessary to produce an empty packaging container by any method known to those skilled in the art (for example, make a container and a bag separately, insert the latter into the container or, most preferably, perform the method of co-molding the inner bag and the outer container in pneumatic molding process, as described above). The fluid (10) and the pre-compressed gas intended for dispensing should then be pumped into the inner bag (21) and the space (24), which should be sealed accordingly. These two operations can be performed in any order: either

- the bag (21) is first filled with fluid (10), and then the space (24) is sealed by injecting gas through the outlet channels (3) until the required initial pressure (P _i ) and volume (V _i ) are reached; each pipe (5) and the outlet channel (3) are sealed or closed at the right time, respectively, by means (1) of sealing and closing means (4), or

- the space is first filled with a certain amount of gas, then the inner bag (21) is filled with fluid intended for distribution, thereby compressing the gas in space (24) until it reaches the required initial pressure (P _i ) and volume (V _i ), or

- both the inner bag (21) and the space (24) are filled together with the fluid intended for the distribution and the pre-compressed gas.

Distribution device

In order to dispense the fluid (10) contained in the inner bag (21), the packaging container, which is the object of the present invention, should be installed on the dispensing device (100), as shown in FIG. 3. In the installed position, the distribution tube (105) open to the atmosphere (107) is flow-connected to the inner space of the inner bag (21) through the nozzle (5) of the packaging container, while the compressed gas source (103) is flow-connected to the space (24) through outlet ducts (3) together with closing means (4) (for clarity, FIG. 3 shows only one connection to the outlet duct (3)). Both joints are tightly clamped using fastening means (109), which can advantageously be a nut. As a source of compressed gas (103), a can of compressed or liquefied gas, such as CO ₂ or N ₂ , as shown in FIG. 3, a pump or compressor (not shown) can be used. The dispensing tube (105) may have a sharp end for opening the sealing means (1) separating the inner space of the inner bag (21) from the atmosphere when the nozzle (5) is brought into contact with the indicated end of the dispensing tube (105) to create a flow-through connections.

Similarly, the closure (4) can be punctured with the pointed end of the tube (101) to create a flow connection between the space (24) and the gas source (103). Alternatively, the closure means (4) may be a valve configured to connect to the end of the tube (101). To control the fluid flow, if necessary, manually or automatically, it is possible to install control valves (113, 115), respectively, both on the distribution pipe (105) and on the gas pipe (101).

When using the initial pressure (P _i ) in the space (24), the pre-compressed gas is sufficient to distribute a certain amount of fluid (10) contained in the inner bag (21) (not more than 80% of the initial liquid content (= V _S / V _C )). As shown in FIG. 2, as pressure (P) decreases in space (24), pre-compressed gas is additionally pumped from gas source (103) into space (24) through a gas pipe (101) and a discharge channel (3). The gas flow from the gas source to the space (24) can be controlled directly using the closing means (4) or, alternatively, using the control means, for example, a pressure control valve (115) located between the gas source (103) and the closing means (4), which must then be opened, for example, by piercing it. In the first case, the closing means (4) can be made with the possibility of opening it when the pressure in the space (24) drops below a predetermined value, such as P / P ₀ <1.2. Alternatively, it can be made with the possibility of opening in the case when the external pressure is higher by a predetermined amount than the pressure in space (24). The same rules can be applied to the pressure control valve (115) if the closing means (4) is punctured and open.

Claims (12)

1. A packaging container (2) comprising an inner layer (21) forming a bag filled with a fluid (10) that is removable from an outer layer (22) forming a container and a nozzle (5) that flows through the volume, bounded by a bag, with the atmosphere and which is disconnected from it by means (1) of sealing, while the specified container additionally contains at least one outlet channel (3), flow-wise connecting the space (24) between the inner and outer layers (21) and (22) with the atmosphere, characterized in that the specified outlet channel contains a closing means configured to control the gas flow between the specified space (24) and the atmosphere, while the specified space (24) contains the amount of gas (V _{S, i} ) at a pressure (P _i ) above atmospheric pressure, which is not enough in order to compress the bag and displace more than 80% of the fluid contained in it. 2. The packaging container according to claim 1, in which the closing means opens when the pressure in the specified space (24) drops below a predetermined value and / or when the external pressure is higher by a predetermined amount than the pressure in the specified space (24). 3. The packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, in which the closing means is made with the possibility of puncturing. 4. The packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, in which the pressure (P _i ) of the gas located in the specified space (24) is from 0.1 to 6 bar above atmospheric pressure. 5. A packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the initial volume (V _{S, i} ) of said space (24) is 10%, preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 1%, of the total volume (V _C ) of the container. 6. The packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, which is obtained by joint pneumoforming of two polymer preforms. 7. The packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid contained in the bag is a beverage, preferably carbonated, and / or a fermented beverage. 8. A kit comprising a packaging container (2), made according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a device attached to the packaging container and containing a dispensing tube with means for connecting it to the pipe (5) of the packaging container (2), and an external a source of compressed gas (103) with means (101) for connecting it to the outlet channel (3) and for interacting with said closing means (4) when additional pressure is necessary to displace the fluid from the inner bag. 9. The kit according to claim 8, in which the means (101) for connecting the outlet channel (3) with an external source of compressed gas and for interacting with the closing means (4) comprises piercing means provided for making a flow connection through the outlet channel (3) between an external source of compressed gas and said space (24), and further comprises a valve (115) for controlling the flow of gas into said space (24). 10. The kit of claim 8 or 9, in which the external source of compressed gas is a can of compressed or liquefied gas, preferably CO ₂ or N ₂ . 11. The kit according to claim 8 or 9, in which the distribution tube (105) comprises a valve (113) for controlling the flow of fluid from the inner bag (21). 12. The kit of claim 8 or 9, intended for the distribution of the drink, preferably a soft drink or beer.

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