RU2524081C1 - Resource-conserving stone mastic mixture for construction and repair of roadway pavings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: stone mastic mixture (SM) for construction and repair of roadway pavings, containing a mineral material, a dispersive reinforcing additive - a rubber thermoplastic elastomer (RTPE) and road bitumen, where bitumen is modified by additives "Azol 1003" and a surface-active material EVOTHERM®J-1, at their following ratio, wt %: bitumen BND 60/90 98.6-99.3, "Azol 1003" 0.3-0.7, surface-active material EVOTHERM®J-1 0.4-0.7, at the following ratio of components, wt %: mineral material 93.50-94.20, dispersive reinforcing additive RTPE 0.2-0.4, modified bitumen BND 60/90 5.6-6.1.

EFFECT: temperature drop of placement and compaction of SM mixtures and increase of their strength, water resistance, coupling.

1 ex, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the construction of roads and airfields and can be used in the device of the upper layers of pavement.

The service life of road surfaces of high technical categories must be at least 16-18 years. However, the hot asphalt mixes currently used during the operation of the coating after 5-7 years put it out of action: cracks form, partial destruction of the layer occurs, potholes, various deformations, flows, waves, ruts appear.

In this regard, the need to ensure increased durability and quality of work performed and materials used by reducing the consumption of road-building materials and energy resources during their production and use is of great importance. A significant proportion of the material and energy costs of road organizations in this case are the processes of laying and compacting asphalt mixtures, reducing the aging process and energy consumption in the construction and repair of coatings.

To obtain such an effect, of particular interest are the recently introduced so-called “warm” mixtures, which make it possible to reduce the temperature of laying and compacting hot asphalt mixtures by 30–50 ° C. Traditionally, in the USSR it was customary to mean warm asphalt concrete as mixtures obtained using liquid or liquefied binders according to GOST 9128-84 and laid at a temperature of 50-80 ° С.

A significant drawback of such mixtures is that the mixtures obtained in this way, after compaction and cooling, usually do not gain design density, strength and the required evenness of the coating and, as a rule, do not meet the necessary requirements.

Recently, new technologies of “warm” mixtures have appeared, allowing to reduce the temperature of preparation, laying and compaction of asphalt concrete on viscous road bitumen (with a needle penetration depth of 40-130 · 0.1 mm) 30-50 ° C lower than when working with conventional hot compositions according to GOST 9128-2009.

These technologies allow, if necessary, by using some modifying additives to lower production temperatures, improve workability and compaction of asphalt mixtures while improving their quality indicators with a significant reduction in energy consumption and improving environmental protection. Such additives include the most common CECABASE RT945 (France), REDISETTMWMX (Sweden), EVOTHERM (USA), etc. By temporarily lowering the viscosity of the binder, such modifying additives increase the ability of viscous bitumen to improve the enveloping of grains of stone material, reducing the energy consumption for mixing when preparing and facilitating the process of laying and compacting the asphalt mixture, increasing the strength and density of the coating.

Known asphalt mixture (patent RU 2303576 C2, C04B 26/26, published July 27, 2007), including sand, mineral powder, screening crushing crushed stone - fraction 0-5 mm, petroleum bitumen, rubber modifier, surfactant - KADEM-VT , polymer additive SEVILEN (PD), sludge for chemical treatment of thermal power plants and oil tar (NG). However, the mixture must be heated for 3 hours at temperatures up to 150 ° C. At lower temperatures, the preparation of the mixture is not recommended.

The closest to the proposed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete mixture (patent RU 2474595, C08L 95/00, published 02.10.2013) containing crushed stone, sand from crushing screenings, mineral powder, bitumen, a mixture of rubber thermoplastic elastomer, fibrous cellulose additive, adhesive nitrogen-containing additive in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Crushed stone 65.0-75.0 Sand from crushing screenings 5.0-17.0 Mineral powder 10.0-20.0 Bitumen 5.5-7.5 Rubber thermoplastic elastomer 0.2-0.6 Fibrous cellulose additive 0.2-0.6 Adhesive nitrogen-containing additive 0.05-0.15

As a stabilizing additive in this mixture, the widely used VTATOP stabilizer was used in the work.

The disadvantage of this crushed stone-mastic asphalt mixture is its high temperatures of laying and compaction. According to the well-known requirements (see GOST 31015-2002, table. 3), in accordance with which this mixture is prepared, its temperature when laying (using BND 60/90 bitumen) should be at least 145 ° C. The temperature of compaction of the mixture using rubber thermoplastic elastomer in accordance with the recommendations of ODM 218.3.001-2006 (Clause 8.8) is recommended not lower than 140 ° C.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the temperature of laying and compaction of ASHM (gravel and mastic asphalt mix) while maintaining the necessary physical and mechanical properties and reducing the aging process and energy consumption in the construction and repair of road surfaces.

This is achieved through the development of “warm” gravel-mastic asphalt concrete mixtures with increased water, shear and crack resistance, more resistant to aging processes when using temperatures 30-30 ° C lower than when preparing hot alkali mixtures.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the crushed stone and mastic mixture for the construction and repair of pavements containing mineral material, disperse reinforcing additive - RTEP rubber thermoplastic elastomer, and road bitumen, while the bitumen is modified with additives "Azole 1003" and surfactant EVOTHERM ®J-1, in their following ratio, wt.%:

bitumen BND 60/90 98.6-99.3 "Azole 1003" 0.3-0.7 surfactant EVOTHERM®J-1 0.4-0.7,

in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

mineral material 93.50-94.20 dispersion reinforcing additive - rubber thermoplastic elastomer RTEP 0.2-0.4 modified bitumen BND 60/90 5.6-6.1.

The technical result of the invention consists in the following: the possibility of lowering the laying and sealing temperatures of the alkali metal alloy while significantly preserving the physicomechanical properties, up to 90 ° C, while reducing the aging process and energy consumption during paving.

The use of energy-saving surfactant EVOTHERM®J-1 provides a temporary decrease in the viscosity of the system, contributing to a more complete enveloping of the mineral material with binders, and the possibility of lowering the temperature of laying and compacting the asphalt mix by 30-50 ° C, up to 90 ° C.

The use of the adhesion surfactant of the cationic type "Azol - 1003" in the work allows to increase the water resistance of the developed mixture, providing adhesion of bitumen with acidic and ultra-acidic granite gravel.

Chemisorption processes and molecular-surface phenomena associated with binder adsorption change the structure of the boundary layers of bitumen and affect the properties of the crushed stone-mastic mixture, increasing its strength, water, shear and crack resistance, as well as the temperature of its preparation, laying and compaction.

Mixtures with additives RTEP, EVOTHERM®J-1 and "AZOL 1003" in terms of properties even at a compaction temperature of samples equal to 90 ° C, meet the requirements of GOST 31015-2002 and in some cases exceed them (providing an extension of the durability of the coating service. So indicators compressive strengths at 20 and 50 ° C and runoff exceed requirements by 70-75%, and the coefficient of long-term water resistance increases to 10%, adhesion indicators and others are significantly improved.

An analysis of the known technical solutions showed that the use of crushed stone and mastic mixtures with stabilizing additives (in our case with RTEP and VLATOP) is known. However, these mixtures significantly lose their properties at low temperatures (as noted below 140 145 ° C), which makes them impossible to use when laying and compacting at these temperatures. The inventive mixtures with such a decrease in temperature, i.e. at a lower consumption of energy resources, they are characterized by properties that are more than 2 times higher than the properties of the traditional conventional alkaline alkaline microorganisms. Strength indicators increase at 20 ° and 50 ° C, water saturation, adhesion, runoff, etc., which improves the shear, water and corrosion resistance of the road surface.

CHARACTERISTICS OF INITIAL MATERIALS

1. Mineral materials

Granite crushed stone of the Pavlovsky quarry of the Voronezh region of a fraction of 5-10 mm, screening crushing of crushed stone of a fraction of 0-5 mm and mineral powder were used as mineral material. Table 1 shows the grain composition of these materials and the selected composition of the gravel-mastic mixture (finished mixture), which meets the requirements for gravel-mastic mixtures according to GOST 31015-2002.

Used mineral powder meets the requirements of GOST 52129-2003.

2. Mineral powder

Activated mineral powder was used in the work (manufacturer: Slavyansk-on-Kuban plant). Table 2 shows the indicators of its physical and mechanical properties.

Table 1 Grain compositions of mineral materials and the selected composition of the SHMA mixture Materials The content of the material,% Grain size, smaller, mm fifteen 10 5 2,5 1.25 0.63 0.315 0.16 0,071 Granite crushed stone fr. 5-10 mm one hundred one hundred 96.1 fourteen 7.5 5.05 4.94 4.14 3.84 1,64 Screening crushing 0-5 mm one hundred one hundred 99.7 84.7 59.1 48.5 31.6 18.5 8.7 1.9 Mineral powder mm one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred 99.85 99.05 94.13 80.1 one hundred Mixture composition Granite crushed stone fr. 5-10 mm 9 9.00 8.60 1.30 0.70 0.50 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.10 Screening crushing 0-5 mm 66 66.00 65.80 55.90 39.00 32.00 20.90 12,20 5.70 1.30 Mineral powder mm 25 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 24.80 23.50 20.00 one hundred Ready mix one hundred 100.00 99.40 82,20 64.70 57.50 46.30 37.40 29.50 21.40

table 2 Physico-mechanical properties of mineral powder The name of indicators The value of indicators Grain composition,% by mass smaller than 1.25 mm one hundred "0.315" 99.05 "0.071" 88.1 Porosity,%, no more 29th Swelling of samples from a mixture of powder with bitumen,%, no more 0.9 Humidity,% by mass, no more 0.3 The density is true, g / cm ³ 2,56

Used mineral powder meets the requirements of GOST R 52129-2003.

2. Bitumen

The viscous road bitumen BND 60/90 (manufacturer Saratov Oil Refinery) was used. Table 3 shows its physical and mechanical properties. In terms of properties, the used bitumen meets the requirements of GOST 22245-90.

Table 3 Physico-mechanical properties of viscous road bitumen used for the preparation of asphalt mix No. p / p The name of indicators Standards for bitumen grade BND 60/90 in accordance with GOST 22245-90 Bitumen indicators one The depth of penetration of the needle, 0.1 mm, with: 25 ° C 61-90 72 0 ° C not less than 20 25 2 Bitumen softening temperature, ° C not lower than 47 49 3 Elongation of bitumen at 25 ° C, cm not less than 55 87 four Fragility temperature, ° C not higher - 15 -twenty 5 Penetration index -1.0 to +1.0 -0.5 6 Change in softening temperature after heating, ° C no more than 5 four

4. The dispersive reinforcing additive RTEP

RTEP was developed at the DorTransNII RGSU and is produced by the research and production enterprise DorNII LLC in accordance with TU 5718-001- 7925941-2006. It consists of a polyolefin modifier, crushed rubber tire crumb with grain sizes up to 1 mm, bitumen binder and antioxidants, taken in a certain ratio. Such a composition is characterized by the presence of a significant amount of unsaturated bonds inherent to the rubber polyolefin compounds. Due to the potential of these bonds, the RTEP modifier actively interacts with structure-forming bitumen particles, mainly asphaltenes of aromatic compounds, with a change in the colloidal structure of the binder. Physical and mechanical indicators RTEP are shown in table 4

Table number 4 Physical and mechanical properties of rubber-containing thermoplastic elastomer RTEP The name of indicators Norm Indicator value 1. Color the black the black 2. Softening temperature of additives, ° C No higher than 140 132 3. The increase in the softening temperature of the bitumen BND 60/90 with a 5 percent content of additives,% Not less than 15 17 4. The elasticity of bitumen with a 5% content of additives at a temperature of 25 ° C,% Not less than 40 56

5. Adhesive additive "Azole 1003"

"Azol1003" is a highly effective liquid composition from products of wood chemical production and phosphatides of vegetable oils. Belongs to low-hazard substances of the 4th hazard class according to GOST 12.1007.

6. Surfactant EVOTHERM®J-1

The innovative energy-saving complex-acting additive EVOTHERM®J1 was developed by MeadWestvaco Corporation (USA, specifically for lowering the compaction temperature of asphalt mixes. The additive is a condensation reaction product of tall oil fatty acid polyamines and a modified product of tall oil fatty acid conversion of polyamines 2.2 ¹ - iminodiethanol. EVOTHERM. ®J-1 is characterized by the following properties:

boiling temperature ≥200 ° C Closed Cup Flash Point 143 ° C specific gravity 0.99 g / cm ³ relative vaporization rate ≤1 solubility in water complete viscosity, cP, at 30 ° C 500 25 ° C 1000 10 ° C 3500 pH 10-12

Example. For experimental verification of the claimed composition were prepared 5 variants of the compositions of polymer-stabilized gravel-mastic mixtures (table 5). As the materials used, the above components were used: mineral material, bitumen, rubber thermoplastic elastomer RTEP, adhesive additive "Azole 1002", surfactant EVOTHERM®J-1.

Preparation of crushed stone-mastic mixture ЩМА-10 was carried out in the following order. Additives “EVOTHERM®J-1” and “AZOL-1003” were introduced into bitumen preheated to 150-160 ° C and mixed with it in a laboratory unit to modify bitumen to a homogeneous mixture for 15 minutes. The modified binder prepared in this way was then fed into a laboratory asphalt mixer for mineral materials heated to 180-190 ° C (crushed stone, crushing screening, mineral powder) with RTEP added before the binder was fed with “dry” mixing with mineral materials for 1 min. Then the mixture was wet mixed for 30-40 seconds. Then cylindrical samples were prepared from the mixture under a pressure of 40 MPa, with a diameter of 71.4. The results of comparative tests are summarized in table No. 6. The preparation and testing of the Prototype mixture was carried out in accordance with GOST 31015 at temperatures of 165 and 130 ° C (see table 6).

From the data given in table 6, it follows that the claimed crushed stone-mastic mixture in terms of its physical and mechanical properties is more than 2 times higher than the properties of the known traditional alkali mixtures. It can be laid and compacted at temperatures much lower (in the range of 90-165 ° C) than hot asphalt mixes require according to GOST 31015-2002, not lower than 145 ° C. At a lower energy consumption, they are characterized by increased properties: strength indicators increase at 20 ° and 50 ° C, water saturation, adhesion, runoff, etc., which improves the shear, water and corrosion resistance of the road surface.

Table number 5 Compositions of modified crushed stone and mastic mixtures using RTEP, EVOTHERM and AZOL No. p / p The compositions of the macadam mastic mixture ЩМА-15, wt.% The compositions of the modified bitumen, wt.% Mineral material Modific bitumen BND 60/90 RTEP Bitumen 60/90 BND Surfactant "Azol" Evoth erm Viatop AMDOR-10 one 94.65, 5.20 0.15 98.65 1.1 0.25 - - 2 94.20 5,6 0.20 98.60 0.7 0.7 - - 3 94.0 5.7 0.30 99.0 0.55 0.45 - - four 93.50 6.1 0.40 99.30 0.30 0.40 - - 5 93.30 6.3 0.45 99.25 0.25 0.30 - - 6 prototype 92.6 6.5 0.4 - - - 0.4 0.1

Table number 6 Physico-mechanical properties of modified crushed stone and mastic mixtures with modifying additives RTEP, EVOTHERM and AZOL. Composition No. The name of indicators The porosity of the mineral part,% Residual porosity,% Water saturation,% The limit of compressive strength, MPa Shear resistance, MPa Tensile strength at 0 ° C, MPa The resistance of the mixture to delamination in terms of the flow of binder,% At 20 ° C At 50 ° C0 Shear grip at 50 ° C The requirements of GOST 31015-2002 to ЩМА-15 for II and III DKZ From 15 to 19 1.5 to 4.5 1.0 to 4.0 Not less than 2.2 Not less than 0.65 Not less than 0.18 2.5 to 6.0 0.07 to 0.15 GOST 31015-2002 requirements for ЩМА-15 for III and IV DKZ From 15 to 19 2.0 to 4.5 1.5 to 4.0 Not less than 2.5 Not less than 0.70 Not less than 0.20 3.0 to 6.5 0.07 to 0.15 Temperature 175 ° C one 17.6 2.95 1.70 5.97 2.19 0.42 5.14 0.08 2 17.5 2.62 1.67 5.68 2.04 0.40 4.98 0.09 3 17.3 2.49 1,60 5.42 1.88 0.38 4.86 0.10 four 17.0 2.48 1.55 5.24 1,57 0.34 4.61 0.11 5 16.7 2,35 0.91 5.03 1.31 0.30 4.35 0.12 Temperature 165 ° C one 17.7 3.03 1.83 5.83 2.15 0.37 4.01 0.09 2 17.6 2.86 1.80 5.62 1.99 034 4.73 0.10 3 16.9 2.79 1.75 5.28 1.84 0.31 4,52 0.11 four 16.6 2.62 2.72 4.90 1.76 0.30 4.41 0.12 5 16.5 2.40 1,59 4.68 1.44 0.28 4.29 0.13 prototype 16.3 3.25 3.05 4.62 1.09 0.22 3.28 0.14 Temperature 130 ° C one 17.9 3.09 2.92 4.82 1.95 0.31 4,57 0.10 2 17.7 3.05 2.87 4.76 1.87 0.29 4.34 0.11 3 17.5 3.01 2.61 4.65 1.73 0.27 4.11 0.13 four 17.4 2.85 2,56 4,56 1,67 0.26 4.03 0.13 5 16.8 2.75 2.10 4.41 1.36 0.25 3.95 0.14 prototype 20.3 5.7 6.9 3.21 0.54 0.15 2,4 0.15 Temperature 90-100 ° C one 18.0 3.31 3.11 4.62 1.80 0.28 4.15 0.15 2 17.8 3.23 3.15 4.44 1.75 0.26 4.06 0.14 3 17.6 3.12 3.04 4.25 1,50 0.25 3.94 0.14 four 17.4 3.04 2.73 4.17 1.42 0.24 3.87 0.13 5 19.5 2.89 2,57 3.88 0.88 0.23 3.81 0.13 Temperature 80 ° С one 19.8 5,6 4.23 2.75 0.95 0.17 3.48 0.22 2 19.7 5.5 4.15 2,58 0.89 0.16 3.24 0.24 3 19.7 5.5 4.09 2.40 0.74 0.15 3.01 0.25 four 19.6 5.3 4.05 2.21 0.67 0.14 2.83 0.28 5 19.5 5.2 4.02 2.14 0.60 0.12 2.78 0.30

Claims (1)

Crushed stone mastic mixture for the construction and repair of pavements containing mineral material, dispersion reinforcing additive - RTEP rubber thermoplastic elastomer, and road bitumen, characterized in that the bitumen is modified with Azole 1003 additives and the EVOTHERM®J-1 surfactant, with their following ratio, wt.%:
bitumen BND 60/90 98.6-99.3 "Azole 1003" 0.3-0.7 surfactant EVOTHERM®J-1 0.4-0.7
in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
mineral material 93.50-94.20 dispersion reinforcing additive - rubber thermoplastic elastomer RTEP 0.2-0.4 modified bitumen BND 60/90 5.6-6.1