RU2524070C1 - Device for underwater soil working and removing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises discharge pipe, diffuser, mixing chamber, distribution chamber with working fluid feed pipe, funnel-shape confuser with curved-bulged surface smoothly changing in mixing chamber inlet, hydraulic loosening circular slotted nozzle arranged at confuser inlet and ejecting nozzle. Besides, it comprises one extra ejecting nozzle, all nozzles being composed of pipe communicating distribution chamber with mixing chamber and arranged at acute angle to mixing chamber axis. Axes of pipes at the cross point with chamber mirror axis are located, on one side from mirror axis, at 0.75-1.25 of pipe diameter.

EFFECT: higher efficiency, longer life.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to inkjet technology, and in particular to underwater soil sampling devices, in particular to devices, the operation of which does not allow secondary contamination of the reservoir, for example, intended for use by divers in ship lifting, underwater technical, hydraulic and other works.

A device for the development and removal of soil under water (Aut. St. USSR No. 925757, class B63C 7/28; E02F 3/88, publ. 1980), containing loosening and ejecting cylindrical nozzles, a mixing chamber with a conical shape to create directional pulp flow and restrictions on the suction zone from the influx of clean water, a protective grill, a diffuser, a water supply pipe with a collector and a flush nozzle located on the water supply pipe.

The presence of a loosening cylindrical nozzle in the specified device provides effective hydraulic loosening, but does not use the energy of the loosening jet, which reduces the efficiency of the device, and in addition, the loosened soil under the influence of reflected jets of loosening water is scattered in all directions from the soil intake zone, causing the environment to agitate, which leads to secondary pollution of the reservoir and practically to “zero” visibility in the soil intake zone, for example, for a diver working with this device.

Known jet pump designed to remove gases from mines (UK application No. 2111125, class F04F 5/48, 5/16, 1984), having a pipe forming a passage channel with a bell inlet. The bell is made with an annular edge, which forms with the conical edge of the body an annular Coanda gap communicating with the chamber into which the compressed gas is supplied. Using this jet pump as a device for underwater excavation will be low efficient. This is explained by the fact that the device in this case will work as a clean vacuum pump, and for highly efficient underwater excavation it is necessary to have active hydraulic loosening, which the device in question does not have, since the ejector jet works only to reduce the pressure in the suction port and does not come into direct contact with developed soil, i.e. its effect on the soil is passive due to the suction of surrounding water, which will provide only erosion erosion.

The closest in technical essence is a device for underwater excavation (Patent RU No. 2015757, IPC E02F 3/88, publ. 06/30/1994), including a pulp-discharge pipe installed coaxially in the collector with a diffuser and a mixing chamber with an inlet, a pipe for supplying a working liquid into the collector and ejection and soil-nozzle nozzles, while the collector in the lower part is made with an annular gap and a conical section, the top of the cone of which is directed opposite to the placement of the diffuser, and the device is equipped with a funnel confuser shaped with a curved-convex surface, smoothly passing into the inlet of the mixing chamber, and a flow guide ring with an external curved-convex surface, the ejection nozzle formed by the inner edge of the flow ring and the confuser, and the grounding nozzle by the outer edge of the flow ring and the conical section of the collector while the axis of the soil-extinguishing nozzle is directed at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the confuser.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the fact that the ejection nozzle forms a high-speed annular liquid jet adjacent to the walls of the mixing chamber, due to which the kinetic energy of the jet drops sharply due to high friction on the wall, and in addition, abrasive destruction of the chamber walls can occur, while walls in the fluid flow, a large transverse velocity gradient is formed, which leads to the generation of bubble cavitation at the chamber walls and their additional intense cavitation destruction. Therefore, a disadvantage of the known solution is the insufficiently high efficiency of the device and its rapid wear.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device and its durability.

The problem is solved using a device for the development and removal of soil under water, containing coaxially mounted outlet pipe, diffuser, mixing chamber, a distribution chamber with a pipe for supplying working fluid, a funnel-shaped confuser with a curved-convex surface, smoothly passing into the inlet of the mixing chamber , a loosening ring slotted nozzle installed at the inlet to the confuser, an ejecting nozzle. The device contains at least one additional ejection nozzle, the nozzles are made in the form of pipes connecting the distribution chamber to the mixing chamber, installed at an acute angle to the axis of the mixing chamber, and the axes of each of the pipes in the area of their intersection with the axis of symmetry of the chamber are located on one side of axis of symmetry at distances of 0.75-1.25 pipe diameters.

Preferably, the device comprises two, three or four ejection nozzles.

Preferably, the device comprises two or more nozzles for supplying a working fluid.

Preferably, the hydrotreating annular slit nozzle has an area in the range from 0.01 of the area of one ejection nozzle to the total area of the ejection nozzles.

Figure 1 shows the proposed device, front view.

Figure 2 shows a top view of the device.

The proposed device for the development and removal of soil under water contains serially connected outlet pipe 1 for removing pulp, a diffuser 2, a mixing chamber 3, a funnel-shaped confuser 4 with a curved-convex surface, smoothly passing into the inlet of the mixing chamber 3, placed axially to the mixing chamber 3 an annular distribution chamber 5 having nozzles 6 for supplying a working fluid and a hydrotreating annular slotted nozzle 7, and ejecting nozzles in the form of pipes 8.

The device operates as follows.

The working fluid from the pump (not shown) through the nozzles 6 enters the distribution chamber 5, in which it is distributed and simultaneously supplied to the annular hydraulic loosening nozzle 7 and ejection nozzles 8.

A jet of working fluid flowing out of the annular hydraulic loosening nozzle 7, which is directed towards the developed soil at an acute angle to the axis of the suction hole of the confuser 4, directly affects the developed soil, eroding it. The area of the hydrotreating nozzle 7 at the outlet increases for heavier developed soils and is set depending on the characteristics of the soil in the range from 0.01 of the area of one ejecting nozzle to the total area of the ejecting nozzles.

Due to the effect of the Coanda effect, the ripping jet adjoins the external curved-convex surface of the confuser 4, flows around it continuously and creates a vacuum on its surface. As a result, the loosened soil forms a pulp, which rushes to the mixing chamber.

The jets of the working fluid flowing from the ejecting nozzles 8, create a pulse of fluid along the axis of symmetry of the mixing chamber 3, providing ejection of the pulp from the mixing chamber 3 and its further movement through the discharge pipe. The deviation of the axes of the ejecting nozzles 8 from the corresponding planes of symmetry of the mixing chamber avoids the collision of jets arising from different ejecting nozzles and the formation of cumulative jets. As a result of the interaction of the ejection jets displaced relative to each other along the axis of the mixing chamber, a single swirling jet of increased stability is formed.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to achieve high efficiency of the device for loosening and removing soil under water, increasing its durability, and the pulp prepared by hydro-loosening jets is completely removed from the reservoir, due to which, when the device is in operation, it is possible to avoid turbidity of the water in the reservoir and harmful effects on the environment.

Claims (4)

1. A device for the development and removal of soil under water, containing a coaxially mounted outlet pipe, a diffuser, a mixing chamber, a distribution chamber with a nozzle for supplying a working fluid, a funnel-shaped confuser with a curved-convex surface, smoothly passing into the inlet of the mixing chamber, a loosening ring slotted nozzle installed at the entrance to the confuser, an ejection nozzle, characterized in that the device contains at least one additional ejection nozzle, the nozzles are made in the form of pipes connecting the distribution chamber to the mixing chamber, installed at an acute angle to the axis of the mixing chamber, and the axes of each of the pipes in the area of their intersection with the axis of symmetry of the chamber are located on one side of axis of symmetry at distances of 0.75-1.25 pipe diameters. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized by that the device contains two, three or four ejection nozzles. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device contains two pipes or more for supplying a working fluid. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydro-loosening annular slot nozzle has an area in the range from 0.01 of the area of one ejecting nozzle to the total area of the ejecting nozzles.

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