RU2521795C1 - Cable-type concealing long-span structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: cable-type concealing long-span structure of load-carrying longitudinal and transverse cables tightened between columns and forming openings of a restricted value, which are closed with rectangular masks installed in bearing assemblies with possibility of their alternating opening by being turned about their central axis through 90° from horizontal position to vertical position by means of systems of winches, cables, blocks; with that, bearing assemblies of rectangular masks are installed between adjacent openings of the constrained value along longitudinal cables in intersection places of longitudinal and transverse cable with their stiff connection.

EFFECT: enlarging opening of a constrained value by two times and improving stiffness and reliability of the structure.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of camouflage building structures with opening “windows” and can be used to hide military equipment, special facilities and construction sites.

Known lifting device covering the mask, consisting of systems of winches, cables, blocks and hinges, which allows you to fix the coating at the desired height in compliance with the necessary slopes of the various parts of the coating, it uses blocks on movable supports for clipping the cables of the coating, fixed and movable on the racks of the mask with the help of cables brought to winches (USSR author's certificate: SU 325898, IPC F41H 11/00, 02/03/1970) - [1].

A disadvantage of the known device [1] is that it, in the presented form, cannot be used in the developed invention. That is, this device, in a known manner, cannot be used to open masks (with hiding elements) by turning them around their axis in turn.

The well-known “Cable concealment wide-span construction”, consisting of longitudinal and transverse cables stretched between columns, forming windows of limited size, closed with masks with hiding elements and with the possibility of opening them in turn using winch systems, cables, blocks and hinges, each mask (with hiding elements) moves horizontally, shifting to another mask (or to another mask), and opens the necessary window of limited size (USSR author's certificate: SU 342511, IPC F41H 11/00, 02/03/1970 ) - [2].

The disadvantages of the analogue [2] is that the masks in this design can only be with flat hiding elements, since when moving masks with volumetric hiding elements, the latter located on the non-movable mask will be demolished. In addition, it is difficult to remove snow from the prototype in winter. With large layers of snow, and especially when icing, the prototype practically does not work. Also, significant amounts of snow, water, accumulating on the cover of the prototype, and wind loads transmit additional, undesirable, efforts to the frame of the device.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is a “Cable concealing large-span construction”, consisting of load-bearing longitudinal and transverse cables stretched between the columns, forming windows of limited size, closed by rectangular masks installed in the bearing units with the possibility of their opening by rotation around their central axis 90 ° from horizontal to vertical using winch systems, cables, blocks. Moreover, masks can be covered with volumetric concealing elements (RF Patent: RU 2364816, IPC F41H 3/00, 08/20/2009) - [3].

The prototype [3] solves the following tasks: increasing masking efficiency by using masks with volumetric concealing elements; simplification of the mechanism for opening (closing) masks; the possibility of easy cleaning of the mask and its volumetric hiding elements from pollution, water, snow and ice; reduce the impact of wind loads.

However, the disadvantage of the prototype [3] is the small size of the windows of a limited size, which is two times smaller than the cells between the longitudinal and transverse load-bearing cables, which does not allow to supply large-sized elements to the construction object. In addition, the bearing units of known design in the transverse direction can be shifted, which reduces its reliability.

These disadvantages of analogues and prototype set the task of increasing the windows of limited size and increasing the rigidity of the structure.

This problem is solved by the fact that in a cable concealing large-span structure of longitudinal and transverse cables stretched between columns, forming windows of limited size, closed by rectangular masks installed in bearing assemblies with the possibility of their opening by rotation around their central axis by 90 ° from horizontal to vertical with the help of winch systems, cables, blocks, while the bearing units of rectangular masks are installed between adjacent windows limited size along the longitudinal cables at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse cables with their rigid connection.

Introduction to the design of the device of the sign “bearing units of rectangular masks are installed between adjacent windows of limited size along longitudinal cables at the intersection of longitudinal and transverse cables” allows you to significantly (double) increase the size of windows of limited size and feed building elements and structures of increased sizes through them with a crane .

Introduction to the design of the device of the sign of "rigid connection" of longitudinal and transverse cables at the mounting location of the bearing assembly allows you to increase the rigidity of the structure and, as a result, increase its reliability.

Figure 1 presents a top view of a fragment of a cable concealing large-span structure. Figure 2 is a top view of one mask, for example, with volumetric hiding elements. Figure 3 is a side view of a fragment of a cable device of a large-span mask cable disguising large-span structure. Figure 4 - a possible design of a single bearing assembly of the mask. Figure 5 is a section bb of the bearing assembly of the mask of figure 4. Figure 6 is a photograph of a model of the claimed technical solution with windows closed with masks. In Fig.7 is a photograph of the model of Fig.6 with a number of open windows.

The cable covering large-span structure consists of load-bearing longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 cables stretched between columns 1 (with guy wires), forming windows 4 of a limited size. The transverse cables 3 are located under the longitudinal cables 2 and support the latter. Windows 4 are closed by masks 5 with volumetric concealment elements 6 and contain horizontal position locks 7. Masks 5 can take a horizontal or vertical position with the help of winch systems 8, ropes 9, blocks 10, that is, close or open windows 4. Windows 4 can be opened by rotation of the masks 5 (with volumetric concealing elements 6) with its central shaft 11 90 ° from horizontal to vertical. The rotary shafts 11 of the masks 5 are installed in the bearing units 12, which are mounted on the longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 load-bearing cables at their intersections. The mask 5 is a rectangular frame mounted on the shaft 11 and consisting, for example, of pipes of light materials, with volumetric concealing elements fixed to it 6. The opening of the masks 5 is carried out in rows located between adjacent longitudinal cables 2. For this mask 5 in the above rows are connected (pivotally) from below and from above with the help of strands 13, and on the opposite sides of the first from the winches 8 masks 5 are fixed the free ends of the cables 9, going through the blocks 10 to the winches 8. To eliminate (minimize) hanging of the longitudinal cables 2, stabilizing cables 14 are stretched over them between the columns 1, to which, by means of the hanging cables 15, the longitudinal cables 2 are attached. A typical bearing assembly 12 comprises a housing with perpendicular grooves for the longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 cables fixed in grooves with lining 16. The lining 16 presses the cables 2 and 3 to the housing 12 with screws 17. The housing of the bearing assembly 12 also contains a cage for bearings 18 of the rotary shafts 11 of the mask 5. The shafts 11 adjacent between the rows of masks 5 are aligned top shaft 11 fixed mask 5, thus at turn mask 5 in a vertical position not to touch the cross cable 3 over which the shaft 11 is located.

The cable concealment wide-span construction works as follows. Above the masked object under construction or its construction site, a cable-concealing large-span structure is initially constructed. Bearing longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 cables stretched over the construction site between columns 1 (with guy wires) form windows 4, closed by masks 5 with volumetric concealment elements 6. Thus, the cable concealment large-span structure provides protection from above from a special facility or its construction site reconnaissance in space or aerial surveillance. During the construction of a masked object, for access from above, for example, by supplying materials with an automobile or tower crane, windows 4 closed by masks 5 with volumetric concealing elements 6 are opened by turning masks 5 with shafts 11 through an angle of 90 ° to a vertical position. After the supply of materials, the windows 4 are closed, giving the masks 5 a horizontal position, in which the horizontal position locks 7 rest on the transverse cables 3. This additionally achieves the rigidity of the cable covering large-span structure. Masks 5 with volumetric concealing elements 6 are rotated (open and closed) using winch systems 8, cables 9, blocks 10. Masks 5 with central axes (shafts) are rotated in bearing assemblies 12, mounted on bearing longitudinal cables 2 at their intersections with supporting transverse cables 3 (with their rigid fastening). The opening and closing of the masks 5 with volumetric concealing elements 6 is carried out in rows located between adjacent longitudinal cables 2. The first mask 5 from the winch is rotated by cables 9 through blocks 10 from the winch 8, and the rest are rotated by means of strands 13, which all masks 5 are connected in series (articulated) above and below each other. The rigidity of the cable covering large-span structure and its stability are ensured by tensioning cables 2 between the columns 1, stabilizing cables 14, to which longitudinal cables 2 are attached to the suspension cables 15. The bearing assemblies 12 are mounted at the intersections of the cables 2 and 3, which are fixed in their grooves with the help of pads 16, which are pressed against the body of the nodes with screws 17. Masks 5 are fixed on top of the rotary shafts 11 for their joint rotation from horizontal to vertical position and back about 18 knots in the bearings 12.

The technical and economic advantage of the invention is to double the size of the windows and thereby provide great functionality during construction work. The fastening in the installation sites of the bearing assemblies of the longitudinal and transverse cables provides additional rigidity of the claimed design. The inventive device contains a minimum of structural materials and standard unified units and blocks, therefore, for its installation and operation requires a relatively small effort and cost in terms of time and money. The proposed device can be repeatedly transported and installed at new facilities under construction in a short time.

The cable-concealing large-span construction in combination with the features of the claims is new to well-known devices and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty."

The totality of the features of the claims of the device is not known at this level of technology and does not follow the well-known rules for the design of cable concealment of large-span structures, which proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

Implementation of the proposed device can be carried out by known and applied methods, technologies and equipment. Thus, the constructive implementation of the proposed device with the specified set of features of the claims does not represent any structural, technical and technological difficulties, from which the criterion "industrial applicability" follows.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate: SU 325898, IPC F41H 11/00, 02/03/1970

2. USSR author's certificate: SU 3425H, IPC F41H 11/00, 02/03/1970

3. RF patent: RU 2364816, IPC ⁸ F41H 3/00, 08/20/2009 - prototype.

Claims (1)

Cable concealing large-span structure made of supporting longitudinal and transverse cables stretched between the columns, forming windows of limited size, closed by rectangular masks installed in the bearing units with the possibility of their opening by rotation around their central axis 90 ° from horizontal to vertical using winch systems, cables, blocks, characterized in that the bearing units of rectangular masks are installed between adjacent windows of a limited size along the longitudinal cables at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse cables with their rigid connection.

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