RU2520580C1 - Device for even filling of vertical vessels by loose material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a central receiving hopper, a vertical shaft set along the axis of the central receiving hopper and kinematically coupled with its rotation drive which is made able of shaft rotation speed adjustment. Disks are set along the shaft coaxially, they are set with intervals between them in height and with the outer diameters and diameters of their centre holes increasing in the direction from the lower disk to the upper one. The lower disk is connected to the one above it by support bars made so that their height can be changed and fixed. The device comprises an additional receiving hopper set coaxially to the central hopper and rigidly coupled to it. The hoppers in the lower part are equipped by closing-fixing mechanisms which are fitted with removable cap pieces mainly of circular cross section which are made in the form of funnels turning into a pipe. The disks are installed inside the central hopper and are made in the form of truncated cones expanding upwards with the apex angle of from 120° to 160° in the direction from the upper disk to the lower ring disk.

EFFECT: invention provides for reduced abrasion and mechanical wear of material particles such as catalysts, absorbents and drugs, decreased dimensions of a device, even and compact filling of vessels of small diameter, adjustment of device performance parameters in the wide range of loose material flow rate at filling of the above vessels.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for loading bulk materials, such as catalysts, adsorbents and drugs in vertical containers, and can be used in the chemical, pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries.

A device is known for uniformly filling with bulk material vertical containers, preferably of circular cross-section, containing a loading funnel, a vertical shaft kinematically connected with a drive for its rotation and mounted along the axis of the loading funnel, a disk rigidly mounted on the lower end of the shaft, ring plates coaxially located along shaft with intervals between them in height and made with outer diameters and diameters of their Central holes, increasing in the direction from disk to zag a funnel, and supports rigidly connecting adjacent ring plates and the lower one to a disk that is made with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the lower plate, see DE Patent 2703329 A, 12/22/1981.

The above known device is simple in design, simple to manufacture, reliable and easy to use.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of its operation due to the uneven filling of bulk containers with vertical material.

A device is known for uniformly filling with bulk material vertical containers, preferably of circular cross-section, comprising a receiving hopper, a vertical shaft mounted along the axis of the receiving hopper and kinematically connected with a drive of its rotation, configured to control the speed of rotation of the shaft, ring plates with intervals between them in height and made with outer diameters and diameters of their Central holes, increasing in the direction from the bottom plates to the receiving hopper, a disk is fixed on the lower end of the shaft, supports connecting adjacent ring plates and the lower one to a disk that is made with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the lower plate, each ring plate is equipped with shutters installed with the possibility of their adjustable movement along the surface of this plate to change the shape and / or diameter of its Central hole, while the annular peripheral parts of the plates are perforated, and the upper surface of the disk and the annular periphery iynyh parts plates formed with guiding peaks arranged at a disk bores and side plates facing the outer edge of the respective disc or plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the inner diameter of the perforated annular peripheral part of each of the plates, except for the lower one, is equal to the outer diameter of the lower ring plate, and the inner diameter of the perforated annular peripheral part of the lower plate is equal to the outer diameter of the disk.

In the most preferred embodiment of the proposed device, the shutters are mounted on the lower surfaces of the plates, and the holes of the perforation of the disk and the annular peripheral parts of the plates can be made with dimensions decreasing in the direction from the upper plate to the disk.

In an advantageous embodiment of the structural embodiment of the device, the drive is configured to control the speed of rotation of the shaft, and the supports are made with the possibility of a fixed change in their height to control the values of the intervals between the ring plates and between the bottom of them and the disk, see RU Patent 2220085, IPC ⁷ B65D 88 / 54, B65G 65/32, 2003.

The disadvantages of this device are increased friction and, as a result, the wear of bulk material, does not allow you to adjust the rate of filling and to control the operational change in the parameters of the device when changing the nature of the flow of bulk material, and there are difficulties when filling containers or materials with a small diameter (d <100 mm) and long channels (L> 10 m), i.e. with a large L / d ratio (> 20), the device has large overall dimensions.

The closest in technical essence is a device for uniformly filling bulk containers of vertical containers, mainly of circular cross section, containing a receiving hopper, a vertical shaft mounted along the axis of the receiving hopper and kinematically connected with the drive of its rotation, configured to control its rotation speed along the shaft ring plates are coaxially located, which are placed at intervals between them in height and are made with outer diameters and diameters of their neutral holes increasing in the direction from the lower plate to the receiving hopper, while the lower ring plate is attached to the higher using support rods made with the possibility of a fixed change in their height, the receiving hopper of the device is made with a perforated bottom, and a locking bottom is located under the perforated bottom of the hopper able to move along the shaft using flexible traction and made in the form of a lattice with a rigidly installed top up and located perforated perforation holes in the bottom of the receiving hopper with tapered inserts, while the higher ring plates are fixed on the spokes, which are fixed on the shaft with the help of the hubs, providing a change in the interval between the ring plates, the upper side of each of the plates having radial blades.

In a preferred embodiment, a structural embodiment of the device:

annular plates located above the lower plate are interconnected by support rods;

the locking bottom is provided with a support, for example, of a triangular shape, to which said flexible rod is attached;

upstream relative to the lower plate, the ring plates are interconnected by support rods, and the locking bottom is provided with a support to which said flexible rod is attached, see RU Patent No. 2317934, IPC B65G 65/32 (2006.01), 2008.

The disadvantages of this device are the relatively large mechanical wear of the particles of the material, large overall dimensions, the inability to uniformly fill with bulk material or different materials, with a visible filling interface, containers with a small diameter (d <100 mm) and long channels (L> 10 m) , i.e. with a large L / d ratio (> 20), the use of this device to fill these containers leads to spillage of the material and its accumulation on the inner surface of the channel walls.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a device that reduces abrasion and mechanical wear of material particles, such as catalysts, adsorbents and drugs, having small overall dimensions, allowing uniformly and densely filling containers with a small diameter (d <100 mm) and long channels (L > 10 m), i.e. with a large L / d ratio (> 20), by one or different bulk materials with a visible backfill border, it is possible to quickly adjust its operation parameters in a wide range of flow rate of bulk material.

The technical problem is solved by a device for uniformly filling with bulk material vertical containers, mainly of circular cross-section, containing a central receiving hopper, a vertical shaft mounted along the axis of the central receiving hopper and kinematically connected with the drive of its rotation, configured to control the speed of rotation of the shaft along the shaft coaxially plates are located, which are placed at intervals between them in height and are made with outer diameters and diameters of their center holes, increasing in the direction from the lower plate to the upper one, and the lower plate is attached to the higher one using support rods made with the possibility of a fixed change in their height, and the plates themselves are fixed on knitting needles, which are fixed by means of hubs on the shaft, providing a change in the interval between the annular plates, while the upper side of each of the plates is provided with radial blades, in which the device has an additional receiver coaxially mounted with the central hopper the second hopper, which is rigidly connected to the central one, the bunkers in the lower part are equipped with locking and fixing mechanisms, onto which removable nozzles of predominantly circular cross section are fixed, made in the form of funnels passing into the tube, and the plates are installed inside the central hopper and made in the form of truncated cones expanding upward with a solution angle of 120 ° to 160 ° in the direction from the upper plate to the lower ring plate.

In an advantageous embodiment of the constructive implementation of the device:

the walls of the central hopper protrude above the walls of the additional hopper;

the vertical shaft mounted on the axis of the central receiving hopper is telescopic and hollow, and a flexible rod is located on the axis of the shaft.

The solution to the technical problem allows to reduce the abrasion and mechanical wear of particles of the material, such as catalysts, adsorbents and drugs, reduce the overall dimensions of the device, uniformly and densely fill containers with a small diameter (d <100 mm) and long channels (L> 10 m) both one and different bulk materials, with a visible boundary of the backfill, to promptly adjust the operating parameters of the device in a wide range of flow rate of bulk material when filling these containers.

A device for uniformly filling with bulk material vertical containers, preferably of circular cross-section, containing a central receiving hopper 1, a vertical shaft 2 mounted along the axis of the central receiving hopper and kinematically connected with the drive of its rotation 3, configured to control the speed of rotation of the shaft 2, along the shaft plates 4 are coaxially located, which are placed at intervals between them in height and are made with outer diameters and diameters of their central holes, increasing extending in the direction from the lower plate to the upper one, the lower plate being attached to the higher one using support rods 5 made with the possibility of a fixed change in their height, and the plates themselves are fixed on knitting needles 6, see Fig. 2, which are fixed with hubs 7 to the shaft 2, providing a change in the interval between the annular plates, while the upper side of each of the plates is equipped with radial blades 8, see figures 1 and 2. The device has a coaxial mounted with a Central hopper 1 additional receiving hopper p 9 which is rigidly connected to the central. The receiving hoppers 1 and 9 in the lower part are equipped with locking and fixing mechanisms 10, on which removable nozzles 11, mainly of circular cross section, are made in the form of funnels passing into the tube, and the plates 4 are installed inside the central hopper 1 and made in the form of truncated cones expanding upward with a solution angle of 120 ° to 160 ° in the direction from the upper plate to the lower ring plate.

The central receiving hopper 1 is equipped with nozzles 12, see figures 1 and 3, and the additional receiving hopper 9 has nozzles 13, see figures 1 and 3, for supplying bulk material.

Preferential execution

The walls of the central hopper 1 protrude above the walls of the additional hopper 9.

The vertical shaft 2 can be made telescopic and hollow, and inside the channel of the hollow vertical shaft 2 passes a flexible rod (not shown) and is attached to its lower end.

To ensure the rigidity of the device, the plates are interconnected by supporting rods 15, see Fig. 1, and the additional receiving hopper 9 is rigidly connected to the central receiving hopper 1, for example, by spokes 14, see Fig. 1.

The inventive device for uniform filling with bulk material of vertical containers works as follows:

Previously, taking into account the type and properties of the granular material loaded into the vertical container 17, see Fig. 4, the necessary rotation speed of the shaft 2 is determined, as well as the interval between the plates 4 equipped with radial blades 8 on the upper side, changing and fixing the height of the corresponding support rods 5 of the lower annular plate and fixing the hubs 7 of each upstream plate 4 on the vertical shaft 2 using a flexible rod (not shown) installed along the axis of the central receiving hopper 1. The loading device 18 is installed pour coaxially filled channel 19 at a certain height above the bottom of the filled tank 17 (there may be several channels). Plates 4, see figure 1, are lifted up by stretching a flexible rod (not shown in the figures), thereby closing the exit of material from the hopper.

Bulk material is supplied to the central receiving hopper 1 through nozzles 12, see Figs. 1 and 3, and to an additional receiving hopper 9 coaxially mounted with the central hopper 1 through nozzles 13, see Figs. 1 and 3, which is rigidly connected to the central . Next, the necessary rotation speed of the vertical shaft 2 is set by turning on the drive of its rotation kinematically connected with the shaft 3. Then, ring plates 4 are placed, which are made with outer diameters and diameters of their central holes increasing in the direction from the lower plate to the upper one at a predetermined height by loosening the flexible rod (not shown), to a fixed height installed on the support rods 5 and 15, and the shaft 2 using the hubs 7, resulting in a bulk material under the action of centrifugal forces and gravity, passing through the Central holes of the annular plates 4, which are installed inside the Central hopper 1 and made in the form of truncated cones, expanding upward with an opening angle from 120 ° to 160 ° in the direction from the upper plate to the lower ring plate, does not freezing smooth flow of bulk material 20, see figure 4. Next, an even flow of material passes through removable nozzles 11, mainly of circular cross-section, made in the form of funnels passing into the tube, and fills the tank 17.

If it is necessary to fill the channel with several materials 20 and 21, see FIG. 4, the second bulk material 21 is fed into the additional hopper 9 through the nozzles 13, see FIGS. 1 and 3.

During operation of the device, for example, the rotation speed of the shaft 2 (without stopping the download), the interval between the ring plates 4 (without stopping the download) can be changed.

The inventive device has smaller overall dimensions than the device of the prototype. Its constructive implementation provides a reduction in the abrasion and mechanical wear of the material particles due to a decrease in the free fall height of the material particles to the annular plates and makes it possible to evenly and densely distribute bulk material over the entire cross section of vertical containers with small diameter values (d <100 mm) and large values lengths (L> 10 m).

Thus, the inventive device for uniformly filling bulk containers with vertical containers has smaller dimensions, reduces abrasion and mechanical wear of particles of the material, such as catalysts, adsorbents and drugs that are brittle, break and break, provides a uniform and dense filling of the container bulk material having small diameter values and large length values, and also allows you to quickly adjust the adjustments without stopping and additional operations set the parameters of its operation in a wide range of flow rate of bulk material. The device in the factory confirmed its industrial applicability.

Claims (3)

1. Device for uniformly filling with bulk material vertical containers, preferably of circular cross-section, comprising a central receiving hopper, a vertical shaft mounted along the axis of the central receiving hopper and kinematically connected with the drive of its rotation, configured to control the speed of rotation of the shaft, are arranged coaxially along the shaft plates, which are placed at intervals between them in height and made with outer diameters and diameters of their central holes, increase extending in the direction from the lower plate to the upper one, the lower plate being attached to the higher one using support rods made with the possibility of a fixed change in their height, and the plates themselves are fixed on knitting needles, which are fixed by means of hubs on the shaft, providing a change in the interval between the ring plates wherein the upper side of each of the plates is provided with radial blades, characterized in that the device has an additional receiving hopper coaxially mounted with a central hopper, which th is rigidly connected to the central one, the bunkers in the lower part are equipped with locking and fixing mechanisms, on which removable nozzles of predominantly circular cross section are fixed, made in the form of funnels passing into the tube, and the plates are installed inside the central hopper and are made in the form of truncated cones, expanding upwards with a solution angle of 120 ° to 160 ° in the direction from the upper plate to the lower ring plate. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls of the central hopper protrude above the walls of the additional hopper. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical shaft mounted on the axis of the Central receiving hopper is made telescopic and hollow, and a flexible rod is located on the axis of the shaft.

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