RU2520155C1 - Method for studying kinesiodynamics and behaviour of test animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: what is presented is studying the kinesiodynamics and behaviour of test animals. For this purpose, an animal is pre-trained to swim deliberately, e.g. seeking a feeder or a hiding place. Further, the animal is experimentally placed in water, wherein an artificial unidirectional flow, preferentially a laminar flow is generated. A flow rate and water temperature, as well as air pressure above the flow are adjusted. The animal's motions are recorded by means of contactless sensors, while the physical condition is recorded by means of wireless devices and aids.

EFFECT: fast obtaining of objective data describing the behaviour and physical condition, including the animal's physical endurance ensured by placing the animal in the stress living conditions and enforcement to the non-reflex behaviour with no physical motive.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of biomedicine, and more specifically to the study of the behavior of experimental animals, particularly land animals, and can be used as a tool for determining the physical endurance of experimental animals in the development and study of new medical devices, including drugs and food products and chemical compounds for specific effects on body functions.

A known method of studying the behavior, including the kinesodynamics of animals, in which the latter is placed in an isolated environment (cage) with a gyroscopic floor. In this case, the involuntary movement and movement of the animal in the indicated cage is recorded, thus obtaining the necessary information [1].

The disadvantage of this method is that it provides information in a passive mode, independent of the researcher. At the same time, they get a minimum of information, practically only about the behavior of the animal, and such characteristics or target data as endurance, physical condition of the subject of research remain outside the range defined. In addition, the process of obtaining the necessary, or rather available, data is significantly extended over time.

Closest to the claimed object in essence and the technical result achieved is a method for determining the endurance of experimental animals, in which the latter are forced to run on a treadmill under the influence of electrical stimulation [2].

The disadvantage of this method is, firstly, forced inducement (painful stimulation), and secondly, the likelihood of "disobedience" of the subject of study, which, of course, affects the correctness and completeness of the research results.

The technical result, the achievement of which the creation of this invention is directed, is to obtain in an accelerated mode correct and objective data on behavior and physical condition, including physical endurance of the animal by placing the animal in extreme conditions of existence and forcing non-reflex behavior without physical stimulus.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the animal is placed in water, an artificial unidirectional flow stream is created in the water, preferably laminar, the flow velocity and temperature are regulated, and the air pressure above the flow is regulated, and the detection, control and registration of the movement and movement of the animal carried out using non-contact means, and the detection, control and registration of the physical condition of the animal is carried out using wireless means and devices.

The authors found an unexpected solution - the active behavior of the animal, including active kinesodynamics will appear in the animal under the extreme conditions of its existence, i.e., for example, for a land animal, such conditions can only occur when the specified animal is placed in an environment unnatural for it, and such a medium in this case is water. Further, according to the authors, the body’s most energy-consuming work is swimming, since it expends both muscle energy and energy to maintain body temperature (this, of course, applies to warm-blooded animals).

In view of the foregoing, the authors propose to study the kinesdynamics, endurance, and general behavior of experimental animals in the process of purposeful, rather than chaotic (to hold on the surface of the water) swimming, this is especially true when studying the effects of various drugs on animals.

It is clear and understandable that in the process of swimming, a person consciously chooses the direction and ultimate goal of swimming. An experimental animal, forcibly placed in water, has no other motivation for swimming, other than the instinct of self-preservation, and the direction of swimming and its purpose in such an animal are the same - along the shortest path to the nearest “shore”, i.e. the wall of the reservoir (pool). The "correct" direction of movement in experimental animals can be developed by appropriate training - to swim to a specific landmark. For example, put bait at the end of the route. This can be a floating device such as a life raft, which can be moved closer to the end of the route during training (or training), or a device imitating a mink, such as a birdhouse, etc., similar in functional characteristics to a device or device.

Contactless means for detecting, controlling, and recording the behavior and kinesodynamics of an experimental animal can be calibration scales, relative to which you can mark the movement of the animal, as well as displacement sensors and tracking cameras.

These tools will ensure the correct registration of kinesiodynamics, in particular the speed of movement and the duration of swimming of the experimental animal.

Wireless means for monitoring the physical condition of the experimental animal can be attached to the animal temperature, respiration rate, heart function (cardiogram) and other means for detecting the corresponding functions of the body.

For a better understanding, the invention can be illustrated by the following example of its specific implementation.

Example

To implement the proposed technical solution, a pool was made (see z-ku 2012154317 of the same applicant). [As a prototype of a device that implements the claimed technical solution, Japan application 2002161845 was selected. Е04Н 1/00, 2002], equipped with a variable displacement pump ("Grundfos UP") to create an artificial unidirectional laminar water flow, means for changing the temperature of the water (heater " Stiebel Eltron ”and“ DKS150 / 250 ”water cooler), as well as displacement sensors (“ DLH-A ”) and a tracking video camera (“ FineDome ”intelligent video camera). In addition, the pool was made with the possibility of sealing it and regulating air pressure (see Figure 1). The working length of the channel is 0.9 m.

The study of the kinesohydrodynamic characteristics of experimental animals (laboratory rats WAG / GY of both sexes), a group of 30 animals.

Laboratory rats are kept under conventional conditions, in RAIR lsosystem ventilated cages, and are fed with granulated mixed fodders of the Labkorm ad libitum company. Watering is also ad libitum.

In addition to this, they are given weekly protein-vitamin top dressing, which includes milk powder, oatmeal, vitamins A, E, D in oil.

Animals are divided into two equal groups - test and control.

Preliminarily, for three days, rats are trained in targeted swimming - searching for a feeding house (or bait - a device that imitates a mink), and they also conduct comparative studies of swimming with a load (lead weight, equal to 7% of body weight, on a rubber ring attached to tail root). The test results of forced oriented swimming of the control group of rats in still water (+ 24 ° C) are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 10.6 ± 3.1 12.4 ± 2.4 fifteen four 11.5 ± 2.8 13.0 ± 2.8 fifteen 6 12.1 ± 3.4 13.5 ± 2.6

The results of forced oriented swimming of the test group of rats in still water (+ 24 ° C) after injection of morphine (12 μg / goal.) Are presented in Table 2.

table 2 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 9.4 ± 2.3 10.7 ± 2.1 fifteen four 10.1 ± 1.4 11.9 ± 1.5 fifteen 6 10.8 ± 1.8 12.9 ± 2.2

B. Swimming animals in the oncoming water stream.

Water flow parameters: speed 0.5 m / s, water temperature + 24 ° C. Air pressure is varied between 1.0-0.4 atm.

The experimental animal is placed in the hydrochannel bowl at the end and the experimental animal is tracked in the direction of the bait house. If necessary, they track and record the movement of the experimental animal with an accompanying video camera. When the animal reaches the lure house, the sensor is activated and the pumping of water stops. The experimental animal is removed from the lure house.

The results of forced oriented swimming in the water stream of the control group of rats are presented in Table 3.

Table 3 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 70 ± 2 83 ± 4 fifteen four 75 ± 3 87 ± 3 fifteen 6 78 ± 2 92 ± 2

Next, each rat of the test group is injected with morphine in an amount of 12 μg / goal.

The test results of the test group of rats in a stream of water are presented in Table 4.

Table 4 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 57 ± 2 67 ± 4 fifteen four 65 ± 3 77 ± 3 fifteen 6 69 ± 2 81 ± 2

The air pressure in the test medium is reduced to 0.45 atm.

The results of forced oriented swimming in the water stream of the control group of rats at 0.45 atm are presented in Table 5.

Table 5 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 93 ± 2 116 ± 4 fifteen four 106 ± 3 123 ± 2 fifteen 6 115 ± 2 132 ± 4

Next, each rat of the test group is injected with morphine in an amount of 12 μg / goal.

The test results of the test group of rats in a stream of water at 0.45 atm are presented in Table 6.

Table 6 Number of animals, goal. Swimming days after training Duration of swimming, sec No load With cargo fifteen 2 53 ± 2 69 ± 3 fifteen four 61 ± 3 79 ± 1 fifteen 6 66 ± 2 85 ± 3

As can be seen from the above examples, the claimed invention allows to obtain, through the determination of kinesinodynamic characteristics, in particular the physical endurance of experimental animals, comprehensive information on the effect on animals of various preparations, drugs, biostimulants, food additives, etc. substances.

Information sources

1. Found on the Internet - http://www.vivariy.com/product.php?pid=35, 11/13/2012.

2. Found on the Internet - http://www.vivariy.com/product.php?pid=35, 11/13/2012 - prototype.

3. Japan Application 2002161845, M.cl. E04H 1/00, 2002

Claims (1)

A method for studying the kinesdynamics and behavior of land experimental animals, including inducing the animal to move and registering the movement and physical condition of the animal, characterized in that the animal is preliminarily trained in targeted swimming, for example, in finding a feeder or shelter, and then placed in water in the experiment, created in water artificial unidirectional flow, preferably laminar, regulate the flow velocity and water temperature, as well as the air pressure above the flow, and at Volume registration of the movement of the animal is carried out using non-contact, and physical condition - wireless means and devices.

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