RU2519967C1 - Method of processing down and feather raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: method of processing down and feather raw material consists in twofold repeating the process of washing the raw material, followed by rinsing, processing with the wax-containing product, spinning and drying. The novelty is that the raw material is preliminary soaked, the washing of the raw material comprises two washing of 10 minutes each, at a water temperature of 35-42°C depending on the type of raw material with an intermediate rinsing, the rinsing after washing is carried out as 6 cycles of 6 minutes each in large amount of water, and during the first rinsing the water temperature is 30-35°C, and during the subsequent ones it is 7°C, during the penultimate rinsing the raw material is refined with wax-containing product, after the last two rinsing the water is fed into the recirculation tank for further soaking the raw material, the drying of clean raw material is carried out at a temperature of 120°C for 30 minutes under the pressure of 2 bar, then the dried raw material is cooled and dedusted for 10 min. All the water used in processing is withdrawn through the shaking sieves. This method is safe and environmentally friendly, since it does not use chemicals such as formalin and chloramine, enables to save the resources spent.

EFFECT: method is affordable and easy in use.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of light industry and can be used in the processing of feather materials.

The powder mixture, which is used as a filler, such as pillows, must be pre-treated to disinfect and eliminate odor. The technological process of processing feather fluff depends on the type of feed.

At the down-mill factories, imported or domestic washing substances are used to wash down-and-down raw materials, and for pre-treatment, ozone is used as a strong oxidizing agent, which helps to stop the activity of complex organic substances of a protein nature.

A known method of chamber disinfection with ozone, according to which things are placed in a sealed chamber, fill the chamber with ozone, circulate the ozone-air mixture, after the disinfection is complete, the chamber is degassed, things are unloaded, while the disinfected items are kept in a chamber with an ozone concentration of 2 g / m from two to six hours when loading the camera on 10 m ³ from 40 to 120 kg (see RF patent No. 2279897 "Method for chamber disinfection with ozone", IPC A61L 2/20, published on July 20, 2006).

 The disadvantage of this method is the lack of quality of the final product.

There is also known a method of processing feather powder (see RF patent No. 2446830 "Method for processing feather powder", IPC A61L 9/15, D01B 3/00, publ. 04/10/2012), in which the feather powder is placed in an airtight chamber, the chamber is filled with ozone , at the end of ozonation, the chamber is ventilated, the down-and-down raw materials are unloaded. Raw materials in a sealed chamber are placed in an upright position on stationary racks located at a height of 45 cm from the floor, ozonizers are placed at the inlet and outlet of the camera at a height of 2.5 m from the floor, the ozonation process occurs at a temperature of 15-35 ° C, humidity air from 45 to 80% and with a concentration of ozone in the chamber of 5.8 mg / l for 60 minutes when the chamber is loaded with raw materials weighing from 3,500 to 7,200 kg. After the end of the ozonation process, floor exhaust and supply ventilation are carried out for 60 minutes, after which the raw materials are pre-dusted, primary sorted, washed with detergents at a water temperature of 42 ° C, followed by repeated rinsing, wringing, wax coating, drying, cooling, final dedusting and sorting.

The disadvantage of this method is also the insufficient quality of the final raw material.

The prototype of the invention is taken from the method of processing fluff raw materials used at the Serafimovskaya factory of fluff products (see http // www.spo007.ru), which consists in 2-fold repetition of the washing process of raw materials using water of a certain temperature with the addition of powders based on surface active substances (surfactants).

The disadvantages of this method are the lack of quality of the final product, the high consumption of resources.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of the final product, increase the percentage of output of downy semi-finished product, saving resources.

For this, the raw materials are pre-soaked before washing, the raw materials washing includes two washings of 10 minutes each at a water temperature of 35-42 ° C, depending on the type of raw materials with intermediate rinsing, rinsing after washing is carried out in 6 cycles of 6 minutes in a large volume of water at the same time, at the first rinse, the water temperature is 30-35 ° С, at the subsequent rinses - 7 ° С, after the last two rinses, the water enters the recirculation tank for further soaking of the raw materials, in the penultimate rinse, the raw materials are refined with a wax-containing preparation Pure raw material drying is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C for 30 minutes under a pressure of 2 bar, then dried raw material is cooled and dedusted during 10 min.

This allows you to improve the quality of the final product and increase the percentage of yield of the product, save energy.

Below is a schematic representation of the process of washing feather fluff.

The claimed method of processing feather fluff is as follows. Pre-soaking of downy raw material takes place, water is taken from the recirculation tank, into which it comes from the last two rinses. Raw materials washing includes two washings of 10 minutes each at a water temperature of 35-42 ° C, depending on the type of raw material with intermediate rinsing. Washing is carried out with the addition of 1 g of raw material 3.5 g of detergent manufactured by Pulcra Germany - Foryl FKN. After washing, the raw material is subjected to repeated rinsing (6 cycles of 6 minutes) in a large volume of water. At the first rinse, the water temperature is 30-35 ° C, at subsequent rinses - 7 ° C. After the last two rinses, water enters the recirculation tank for further soaking of the raw materials. In the penultimate rinse, the raw materials are enriched with Nicwax wax-containing preparation (1 g of “wax” per 1 kg of raw material). After rinsing, the raw materials are wrung out. The moisture content of the raw material after extraction is 40%. Wet clean raw materials are piped to the storage hopper and portioned into the drying chamber. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C for 30 minutes at a pressure of 2 bar. All the water used in the washing of feather fluff is discharged through vibrating screens. Dried raw materials are fed to the drum for cooling and dust removal. The process lasts for 10 minutes, as a result of which the pile is sorted out. Chilled raw materials are unloaded in clean bags.

The test results shown in tables 1-3, prove the advisability of pre-soaking. It allows you to prepare raw materials for the supply of detergents, reduce surface tension and thereby more economically use consumables, namely, reduce the use of detergents from 4 g to 3.5 g per 1 kg of raw materials, as well as reduce energy consumption for heating rinsing water ( 2-6 cycles).

Table 1 Dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the temperature of the rinsing water (2-6 cycles) at a detergent concentration of 4 g per 1 kg of raw material without preliminary soaking. No. Rinse water temperature, ° C Oxygen indicator Turbidity of the aqueous extract, mm one 35 2,4 500 2 thirty 2,4 500 3 25 2,4 500 four twenty 2,4 500 5 fifteen 2,4 500 6 10 2,8 460 7 7 3,1 420 8 6 3.2 410

As a result of the study, the optimal values of the oxygen index and turbidity of the aqueous extract at a detergent concentration of 4 g per 1 kg of raw material without preliminary soaking are achieved at a rinse water temperature (2-6 cycles) equal to 15 ° C.

table 2 Dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the temperature of the rinsing water (2-6 cycles) at a detergent concentration of 4 g per 1 kg of raw material with pre-soaking No. Rinse water temperature, ° C Oxygen indicator Turbidity of the aqueous extract, mm one 35 2,4 500 2 thirty 2,4 500 3 25 2,4 500 four twenty 2,4 500 5 fifteen 2,4 500 6 10 2,4 500 7 7 2,4 500 8 6 2,8 460

As a result of the study, the optimal values of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract with a detergent concentration of 4 g per 1 kg of raw material with preliminary soaking are achieved at a rinse water temperature (2-6 cycles) equal to 7 ° C.

Table 3 Dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the concentration of the detergent when washing with pre-soaking No. The amount of g detergent per 1 kg of downy raw materials Oxygen indicator Turbidity of the aqueous extract, mm one 2.5 8.0 250 2 3.0 6.0 300 3 3,5 2,4 500 four 4.0 2,4 420 5 4,5 2,4 380

As a result of the study, the optimal values of the oxygen index and turbidity of the aqueous extract are achieved with a detergent concentration of 3.5 g per 1 kg of raw material. Table 4 shows the data of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract from the temperature of the rinses (2-6 cycles) at a detergent concentration of 3.5 g per 1 kg of raw material with preliminary soaking.

Table 4 Dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the temperature of the rinsing water (2-6 cycles) at a detergent concentration of 3.5 g per 1 kg of raw material with pre-soaking No. Rinse water temperature, ° C Oxygen indicator Turbidity of the aqueous extract, mm one 35 2,4 500 2 thirty 2,4 500 3 25 2,4 500 four twenty 2,4 500 5 fifteen 2,4 500 6 10 2,4 500 7 7 2,4 500 8 6 2,8 460

As a result of the study, the optimal values of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract are achieved at a rinse water temperature (2-6 cycles,) equal to 7 ° C, at a detergent concentration of 3.5 g per 1 kg of raw material with preliminary soaking. Table 5 shows the data of the dependence of the number of unopened fluffs in the washing process per 100 fluffs selected on the rinsing water temperature (2-6 cycles).

Table 5 Dependence of the number of unopened fluffs in the washing process per 100 selected fluffs on the rinsing water temperature (2-6 cycles) No. Rinse water temperature, ° C The number of unopened furs during the washing process per 100 selected furs one 35 thirty 2 thirty 27 3 25 twenty four twenty 16 5 fifteen 10 6 10 8 7 7 6 8 6 6

As a result of the study, the optimal value of the number of unopened fluffs during the washing process per 100 selected fluffs is achieved at a rinse water temperature (2-6 cycles) of 7 ° C. Table 6 shows data on the dependence of the elasticity index of the semi-finished semi-finished product FP on the rinsing water temperature (2-6 cycles).

Table 6 The dependence of the elasticity index of the semi-finished semi-finished product FP on the temperature of the rinsing water (2-6 cycles) No. Rinse temperature, ° C FP one 35 580 2 thirty 590 3 25 630 four twenty 650 5 fifteen 680 6 10 700 7 7 720 8 6 720

As a result of the study, the optimal elasticity value of the feather-cake semi-finished product is achieved at a rinse water temperature (2-6 cycles) of 7 ° C.

Table 7 shows the data of the dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the number of rinses.

Table 7 Dependence of the oxygen index and the turbidity of the aqueous extract on the number of rinses No. Number of rinses Oxygen indicator Turbidity of the aqueous extract, mm one 3 9.1 220 2 four 8.0 250 3 5 5.2 380 four 6 2,4 500 5 7 2,4 500 6 8 2,4 500

As a result of the study, the optimal values of the oxygen index and turbidity of the aqueous extract are achieved with 6 rinses.

Water drains of the last two rinses enter the recirculation tank. Water is reused to further soak subsequent batches of raw materials. The temperature of the water after the last two rinses is 10-15 ° C, which avoids the additional heating of the water for soaking and saves energy. Water from the recirculation tank is used for homogeneous raw materials, when changing raw materials only in the prescribed manner: "goose-duck-chicken". Conserving energy, minimizing waste and saving water and detergents are mutually supportive elements of technology.

In the penultimate rinse, the raw material is ennobled with the Nicwax wax-containing preparation (1 g of “wax” per 1 kg of raw material), which repeats the effect of the secretion secreted by the gland of the bird. This allows you to preserve the natural properties of the pen (thermal conductivity, elasticity, water-repellent properties), prevents the development of microorganisms.

Table 8 shows the data on the dependence of the elasticity index 8 of the feather-cake semi-finished product FP on the use of Nicwax.

Table 8 The dependence of the elasticity index of the downy semi-finished product FP on the use of Nicwax No. Use of Nicwax FP one Using Nicwax 780 2 Without using Nicwax 720

The results of the study, shown in table 8, prove the feasibility of refining the raw materials with the wax-containing preparation Nicwax, which allows to increase the elasticity of the feather-cake semi-finished product - one of its most important quality indicators.

At the end of all rinsing cycles, the raw materials are wrung out. The moisture content of the raw material after extraction is 40%. Wet clean raw materials are piped to the storage hopper and portioned into the drying chamber. Drying in a drying chamber is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C for 30 minutes at a pressure of 2 bar.

All the water used in the washing of feather fluff is discharged through vibrating screens. The advantage of this installation is the use of exclusively mechanical principles of water purification without the use of chemicals. Multistage water treatment using vibrosieve allows you to filter out the feather and feather fluff as much as possible, which indicates the environmental friendliness of using this technology. The feather and feather fluff filtered on vibrating screens are recycled, which can significantly reduce waste and increase the yield of feather fluff semi-finished product to 100%.

Dried raw materials are fed to the drum for cooling and dust removal. The process lasts for 10 minutes, as a result of which the pile is sorted out. Cooled to a temperature of 18-20 ° C, the raw material is discharged into clean bags.

The result of this technology of deep industrial processing is ideally pure feather-and-powder raw materials with a permissible moisture content of 10% to 12%, which meets the requirements of GOST P 30332-95. Feather products. General specifications.

This sequence of industrial processing of downy raw materials makes it possible to improve the quality of the final product due to the fact that detergent residues, contamination, microbial contamination are completely removed, as evidenced by the values of the oxygen index, the smell is completely removed, the natural properties of the pen are preserved (thermal conductivity, elasticity, water-repellent properties ), provides hypoallergenic raw materials. Sterility of the raw material is achieved due to the established optimal processing parameters: water temperature and the number of rinses, the concentration of detergents, and the refinement of the raw material with Nicwax wax-containing preparation.

This method is also environmentally friendly, since chemicals such as formalin and chloramine are not used, which saves resources. The method is affordable and easy to use.

Claims (1)

A method of processing feather fluff raw materials consists in double repeating the washing process of the raw materials, subsequent rinsing, processing with a wax-containing product, extraction and drying, characterized in that the raw materials are pre-soaked, the raw materials washing includes two washes for 10 minutes at a water temperature of 35-42 ° C depending on the type of raw material with intermediate rinsing, rinsing after washing is carried out in 6 cycles of 6 minutes in a large volume of water, with the first rinse, the water temperature is 30-35 ° C, at the next 7 ° C, in the next to last the raw materials are rinsed with a wax-containing preparation, after the last two rinses, water enters the recirculation tank for further soaking of the raw materials, drying of the clean raw materials is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C for 30 minutes at a pressure of 2 bar, then the dried raw materials are cooled and de-dusted for 10 minutes, all Water used during processing is discharged through vibrating screens.