RU2519049C1 - Apparatus for estimating preferred level of unification engineering systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: estimation can be carried out using a generalised criterion which takes into account efficiency of engineering systems and the size of funding of the design and manufacture thereof. The apparatus comprises six groups of input registers, four groups of multiplier units, an input register, a divider unit, a group of adders, a group of subtractor units, a group of delay elements, a group of divider units, a group of input registers, a group of display units, a clock-pulse generator, two pulse distributors, a switch and a cumulative counter.

EFFECT: high accuracy of estimating the preferred level of unification of engineering systems by taking into account the difference in time of use of different components thereof.

3 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to computer technology and can be used to assess the preferred level of unification of technical systems (TS) in order to minimize the cost of designing and manufacturing vehicles with a sufficient level of their effectiveness.

If the level of unification is too high, the amount of financing is reduced through the use of elements and subsystems already in operation. However, in this case, an excessively low level of vehicle efficiency is possible due to the low level of manufacturability of old elements. Too low a level of unification provides an acceptable level of TS efficiency, but a high level of manufacturability of new elements and subsystems requires large amounts of financing that can exceed the general cost estimate.

A device for assessing the preferred level of unification of technical systems, comprising groups of input registers, input register, group of multiplication blocks, division block, group of adders, group of subtraction blocks, group of delay elements (EI), group of division blocks, group of output registers, group of indication blocks , a clock generator and a pulse distributor (RI) (RF patent No. 2427900, CL G06F 17/00, 2010).

The assessment of the preferred level of vehicle unification using this device can be carried out using the generalized criterion P _i , the value of which for the i-th level of vehicle unification is determined by the formula

$$P_i=\frac{W_i}{S_i},i=\mathrm{one,}...,m,\left(\mathrm{one}\right)$$

Where

m - the number of analyzed levels of vehicle unification;

W _i - vehicle efficiency at the i-th level of its unification (for example, the probability of a task);

S _i - the amount of funding for the design and manufacture of vehicles at the i-th level of unification, thousand rubles

The value of S _i can be calculated as follows:

$$S_i=S_{\mathrm{and}i}\cdot K_{PRi}\cdot G+S_{ni}\left(\mathrm{one}-K_{PRi}\right),\left(2\right)$$

Where

K _pri - applicability coefficient characterizing the i-th level of vehicle unification;

S and _i - the cost of the components of the elements of the vehicle that were used at the i-th level of its unification, thousand rubles .;

S _нi - the cost of new components of the vehicle elements at the i-th level of its unification, thousand rubles .;

G - coefficient taking into account the degree of development of the elements of the vehicle that were in use (it depends on the number of years of use).

The coefficient of applicability, characterizing the level of unification of the TS, is the ratio of the number of previously used elements to the total number of elements contained in the TS.

Experience shows that the coefficient G can be estimated by the following formula:

$$G=0.1\frac{T_{\max }}{T},\left(3\right)$$

Where

T _max - the maximum possible time of use (development) of the unified elements (subsystems) of the TS, year;

T - the actual time of use (development) of these elements, year.

Taking into account that for modern TS T _max = 10 years, expression (3) can be written as

$$G=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{T}.\left(\mathrm{four}\right)$$

Since it is advisable to increase the mentioned efficiency, and to reduce the amount of financing, it is necessary to search for the value of K _pri , providing the greatest value of the criterion Р _i , i.e. P _imax . A specific numerical example is given in the description of this device to evaluate a preferred level of unification.

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of the assessment due to the following assumption: the actual time of use (development) of all elements (subsystems) of the vehicle are considered the same.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the accuracy of assessing the preferred level of vehicle unification by taking into account the difference in the time of use of its various elements (subsystems).

In this situation, this assessment can be carried out as follows. Characteristics that take into account the time difference between the use of vehicle elements will be called weighted average. Then formula (2) can be rewritten in the following form:

$$S_{icb}\cdot K_{PRi}\cdot G_{cb}+S_{ni}\left(\mathrm{one}-K_{PRi}\right),\left(5\right)$$

where S _icb is the average weighted volume of financing and manufacturing of vehicles at the i-th level of its unification of vehicles, thousand rubles;

G _cb - weighted average coefficient, taking into account the degree of development of vehicle elements that were in use (it depends on the average number of years of use). By analogy with formula (4), the value of G _{cb is} calculated by the following formula:

$$G_{cb}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{T_{cb}},$$

where T _cb is the weighted average actual time of use of the elements of the vehicle, year.

The value of T _cb is determined by the following relationship:

$$T_{cb}=...b_j{T}_j,j=\mathrm{one,}...,n,\left(7\right)$$

where b _j is the weight coefficient, taking into account the importance of the j-th element in the composition of the vehicle;

; $${(}^n{\displaystyle {\sum }_{j=}{b}_j=\mathrm{one}})$$

;

T _j . - the actual time of use of the j-th element of the vehicle, year;

n is the total number of elements in the vehicle.

Having performed the calculations according to formulas (7), (6), (5) and (1), it is possible to determine the variant of the unification level K _pri that provides the maximum value of the criterion P _i .

It should be noted that in the formula (1), the value S _{icb is} substituted instead of the value S _i .

To illustrate, consider an example for the case when m = 9 and n = 10. The order and result of the assessment of T _{cb are} presented in table 1, and the numerical values of the parameters to determine the preferred level of vehicle unification are placed in table 2.

Table 1 The order and result of the assessment of T _cb Vehicle Item Number one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 T _cb b _j 0.11 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.09 0,07 0.13 0.08 0.12 T _j , year 3 5 four 6 5 four 3 7 four 5 b _j T _j 0.33 0.40 0.40 0.72 0.50 0.36 0.21 0.91 0.32 0.60

Based on the data in table 1, in accordance with formula (1), the weighted average coefficient G _cb is determined, taking into account the degree of elaboration of the elements of the vehicle

$$G_{cb}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{T_{cb}}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{4.75}=0.21$$

table 2 Numerical values of parameters to determine the preferred level of unification of a technical system (TS) Unification Level Option Number one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 K _pri 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 S _ii , thousand rubles 10 twenty thirty 40 fifty 56 60 63 65 S _ni , thousand rubles 40,0 35.0 32,0 30,0 28.0 26.5 25.5 25.0 24.8 S _icb , thousand rubles 26.21 28.84 22.59 21.36 19.25 17.66 16.47 15,58 14.77 W _i 0.98 0.96 0.92 0.88 0.85 0.83 0.79 0.74 0.65 P _i 0.27 0,033 0,041 0,042 0,044 0,047 0,048 0,047 0,044 P _imax 0,048

The table shows that the increase in criterion P_i initially provided by a significant reduction in funding. However, an increase in K_pri, those. the proportion of already used elements (subsystems) of the TS causes a significant decrease in efficiency, which results at K values_pri> 0.7 to decrease in criterion P_i. In this situation, the sixth option is its preferred level of unification: K_pri= 0.7.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for assessing the preferred level of unification of technical systems (TS), containing the first to fourth groups of input registers, the input register, the first, second and third groups of multiplication blocks, a division block, a group of adders, a group of subtraction blocks, a group delay elements (EI), a group of division blocks, a group of output registers, a group of indication blocks, a clock generator and a first pulse distributor (RI), the clock input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator output pulses, the first output of the RI - with recording inputs from the first to the fourth group of input registers and the input register, the second output - with the read input of the input register, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs - with the read inputs of the first, second, third and fourth, respectively groups of input registers, seventh and eighth outputs, respectively, with recording inputs and reading inputs of a group of output registers, the information inputs of the first group of input registers, consisting of t elements, are the input of the initial information, etc. what are the information inputs from the first to the mth input registers of the first group received values K _pri characterizing the coefficient of applicability, determining the i-th level of unification of the technical system (TS), the information inputs of the second group of input registers, consisting of m elements, are the input of the job initial information on said data inputs of the first through m-th input registers of the second group received values S _ANDi characterizing value components (elements) CU former use, when i-th level of its unif katsii, data inputs of the third group of input registers, consisting of m elements are input reference source information, wherein the information input of the first through m-th input registers of the third group received values S _HI characterizing the cost of new components (elements) CU when i -th level of its unification, the information inputs of the fourth group of input registers, consisting of m elements, are the input of the initial information, and to the information inputs from the first to the m-th input registers of the fourth group the values of W _{i are obtained} , characterizing the effectiveness of the TS at the i-th level of its unification, the information input of the input register is the input of the initial information, and the value T, characterizing the actual time of use (development) of the standardized elements of the TS, the outputs of each element of the first and the second group of input registers are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the corresponding elements of the first group of multiplication blocks, consisting of m elements, the outputs of each of which connected to the first inputs of the corresponding elements of the second group of multiplication blocks, consisting of m elements, the second inputs of each of which are connected to the output of the division block, the outputs of each element of the second group of multiplication blocks are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding elements of the adder group, consisting of m elements, second inputs each of which is connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the EZ group, consisting of m elements, the inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the third group of multiplication, consisting of m elements, the first inputs of each of which are connected to the corresponding elements of the third group of input registers, and the second inputs - with the outputs of the corresponding elements of the group of subtraction blocks, consisting of m elements, the inputs of each of which are subtracted are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements the first group of input registers, the outputs of each element of the fourth group of input registers are connected to the inputs of the dividend of the corresponding elements of the group of division blocks, consisting of m elements, the inputs of the divider of each of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the adder group, and the outputs - to the information inputs of the corresponding elements of the group of output registers, consisting of m elements, the outputs of each of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding elements of the group of display units, consisting of m elements additionally contains a fifth and the sixth group of input registers, each of which consists of n elements, a switch, the fourth group of multiplication blocks, consisting of n elements, an accumulative adder and the second RI, the clock input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator, the ninth output of the second RI - with the recording inputs of the fifth and sixth input registers, the tenth and eleventh outputs with read inputs of the fifth and sixth groups of input registers, the information inputs of the fifth group of input registers are reference input initial information, which are supplied with the values of T _j, characterizing the actual time of use of j-th CU element data inputs of the sixth group of input registers are the input of Denmark initial information which receives values b _j, characterizing the weighting factor that takes into account the importance of the j-th element in the composition of the TS, outputs the fifth and sixth groups of input registers are connected respectively to first and second inputs of the corresponding elements of the fourth group of multipliers, the first through n the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the accumulative adder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the switch, the second input of which is connected to the output of the input register, and the output to the input of the divider I am a division block.

Figure 1 and 2 presents a functional diagram of a device for assessing the preferred level of unification of technical systems (to eliminate the cumbersome connection between the RI and the control inputs of the respective blocks are not shown completely, but are indicated by numbering the inputs and outputs).

Figure 3 shows the sequence diagram of the operation of the claimed device (the ordinates indicate the numbers of the outputs of the RI, and the abscissa axis indicates the number of ticks), and the duration of the various computational operations (addition and subtraction is one clock, multiplication is eight clocks, division is sixteen clocks) presented at the top of figure 3. For the possibility of execution of the cyclogram, m = 9, n = 10, although these quantities can take arbitrary values. Figure 3a) shows the operation of the device in mode I, and figure 3b) shows the operation of the device in mode II.

A device for assessing the preferred level of vehicle unification (Figs. 1 and 2) contains the first 1, second 2, third 3 and fourth 4 groups of input registers, consisting of m elements, input register 5, first 6, second 7 and third 8 groups of multiplication blocks consisting of t elements, a division block 9, a group of 10 adders consisting of m elements, a group of 11 subtraction blocks consisting of m elements, a group of 12 EZ consisting of t elements, a group of 13 division blocks consisting of m elements, a group of 14 output registers, consisting of t elements, a group of 15 display units consisting of m elements, a generator of 16 clock pulses, the first 17 and second 18 RI, switch 19, fifth 20 and sixth 21 groups of input registers consisting of n elements, the fourth group of 22 multiplication blocks, consisting of n elements, and the accumulative adder 23 .

It should be noted that the division unit 9 has only one input: the input of the divider. This is because the value of the dividend, equal to one, is constantly ″ sewn up ″ in this block. In addition, each element of the group of 11 subtraction blocks has only one input: the input is subtracted. This is because the decremented value, equal to one, is constantly ″ sewn up ″ in each element of this group.

A device for assessing the preferred level of unification of technical systems operates in two modes as follows.

Mode I. The case when the actual time of use of the elements of the vehicle is the same. The switch 19 is set to position I and the information at the input of the division unit 9 will be received through the switch from the output of the input register 5. The information inputs of each of the elements of the first group 1 of the input registers are used with the values of the application coefficients characterizing the i-th level of vehicle unification, K _pri . The information inputs of each of the elements of the second group of 2 input registers are supplied with the values of S and _{i of the} components (elements) of the TS that were in use at the i-th level of its unification. The information inputs of the third group of 3 input registers are sent the cost values S _{ni of the} new components (elements) of the TS at the i-th level of its unification. The information inputs of the fourth group of 4 input registers receive the values of efficiency W _i TS at the i-th level of its unification. The value of the actual time of use (elaboration) of the unified elements of the TS is sent to the information input of the input register 5. Moreover, the control signal to the recording inputs of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 and block 5 is supplied from the first output of the first RI 17, the pace of which is set by the clock generator 16.

According to the signal from the second output of the first RI 17 to the read input of the input register 5, the value of T enters through the switch 19 to the input of the divisible division unit 9, from the output of which the coefficient G, determined by formula (4), is sent to the second inputs of each element of the second group of 7 blocks multiplication. According to the signals from the third and fourth outputs of the first RI 17 to the read inputs of each element of the first 1 and second 2 groups of input registers, _{respectively, the} values of K _pri and S and _i from the outputs of these groups are sent respectively to the first and second inputs of each corresponding element of the first group of 6 multiplication blocks. From the outputs of this group, the values of S and _i · K _pri are fed to the first input of each corresponding element of the second group of 7 multiplication blocks, from the outputs of which the values of S and _i · K _pri · G are sent to the first inputs of each corresponding element of the group of 10 adders. According to the signal from the fifth output of the first RI 17 to the read inputs of each element of the third group of 3 input registers, the values of S _ni from the outputs of this group are sent to the first inputs of each corresponding element of the third group of 8 multiplication blocks. The values of K _pri also go to the input of the deductible of each corresponding element of the group of 11 subtraction blocks, from the output of which the values (1-K _pri ) are supplied to the second input of each corresponding element of the third group of 8 blocks of multiplication. From the outputs of this group, the values of S _ni · (1-K _pri ) are sent through group 12 of EZs (to ensure simultaneous arrival of signals) to the second input of each corresponding element of group 10 of adders, from the outputs of which the values of S _i calculated by formula (2), are sent to the input of the divider of each corresponding element of the group 13 of division blocks.

According to the signal from the sixth output of the first RI 17 to the read input of each element of the fourth group of 4 input registers, the efficiency values of W _i TS at the i-th level of its unification are sent to the input of the dividend of each corresponding element of the group 13 of division blocks, from the outputs of which the values of the generalized criterion P _i determined by the formula (1) are fed to the information input of each corresponding element of the group of 14 output registers. In this case, the control signal to the recording inputs of this group is sent from the seventh output of the first RI 17.

To clearly display the result of the operation of the device by the signal from the eighth output of the first RI to the read input of each element of the group of 14 output registers, the values of P _{i are} sent to the input of each corresponding element of the group 15 of indication blocks.

Visual analysis of the information displayed on the elements of this group allows you to select the highest value of the criterion P _i , i.e. P _max This value will correspond to the value of K _CR characterizing the preferred level of vehicle unification.

The order of operation of the device in this mode is presented on the cyclogram of its operation (figa).

Mode II. A variant when the actual time of use of the elements of the vehicle is different. The switch 19 is set to position II, and the information at the input of the division unit 9 will come through the switch from the output of the accumulative adder 23. The values of T _j , the actual time of use of the j-th element of the vehicle, are sent to the information inputs of each of the elements of the fifth group of 20 input registers. The information inputs of each of the elements of the sixth group of 21 input registers are fed with values b _j weight coefficient, taking into account the importance of the j-th element in the composition of the vehicle. In this case, the control signal to the recording inputs of groups 20 and 21 is sent from the ninth output of the second RI 18, the pace of which is set by the generator 16 text pulses. The information inputs of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 receive the same information as when working in "Mode I".

According to the signals from the tenth and eleventh outputs of the second RI 18, to the reading inputs of each element of the fifth 20 and sixth 21 groups of input registers, respectively, the values of T _j and b _j from the outputs of these groups are sent respectively to the first and second inputs of each corresponding element of the fourth group 22 of multiplication blocks. From the outputs of this group, the values of b _j . T _j are supplied to the corresponding inputs, from the first to the n-th, accumulative adder 23. From the output of block 23, the average weighted actual time of use of the elements of the vehicle, determined in accordance with formula (7), through the switch 19 is sent to the input of block 9 a weighted average coefficient taking into account the degree of study of the elements of the TS that were in use, calculated by the formula (6), is sent to the second inputs of the second group of 7 blocks of multiplication.

In the future, blocks from the first to the seventeenth (except the fifth) work the same way as in "Mode I". Visual analysis of the information displayed on the elements of the group of 15 display units allows you to select the highest value of the criterion P _i , i.e. P _imax . this value will correspond to the value of K _CR characterizing the preferred level of vehicle unification. For example, if P _imax is on the seventh element of the group of 15 display units, then the seventh value of the coefficient of applicability, i.e. the desired value of K _np = 0.7. The order of operation of the device in this mode is presented on the cyclogram of its operation (figb).

Thus, the technical result of the claimed invention is achieved not due to the mathematical apparatus, but due to the technical means (blocks and elements) mentioned in the description of the operation of the device. The described device allows a more accurate assessment of the preferred level of vehicle unification in order to minimize the cost of designing and manufacturing vehicles with a sufficient level of their effectiveness. Improving the accuracy of this assessment is achieved by taking into account the time difference between the use of various elements of the vehicle.

Industrial applicability is justified by the fact that it can be used in different areas (industries) of production when choosing the preferred level of vehicle unification.

It should be expected that this invention can be of great importance in the field of mass production, for example, in mechanical engineering (automobiles, machine tools, etc.), electronic and radio industries.

Claims (1)

A device for assessing the preferred level of unification of technical systems, containing the first to fourth groups of input registers, the input register, the first, second and third groups of multiplication blocks, a division block, a group of adders, a group of subtraction blocks, a group of delay elements (EZ), a group of division blocks , a group of output registers, a group of display units, a clock generator and a first pulse distributor (RI), the clock input of which is connected to the output of a clock generator, the first output of RI - with the recording inputs from the first to the fourth group of input registers and the input register, the second output - with the read input of the input register, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs - with the read inputs of the first, second, third and fourth groups of input registers, the seventh and eighth outputs, respectively with write and read inputs of the group of output registers, the information inputs of the first group of input registers, consisting of m elements, are the input of the initial information, and to the information inputs from the first to the mth input the first registers of the first group receive values of K _pri characterizing the coefficient of applicability, determining the i-th level of unification of the technical system (TS), the information inputs of the second group of input registers, consisting of m elements, are the input of the initial information, and to the information inputs from the first to m-th input registers of the second group received values S _ANDi characterizing value components (elements) CU former use, when i-th level of its alignment, the third group of information inputs of the input Registers consisting of m elements are input reference source information, wherein the information input of the first through m-th input registers of the third group received values S _HI characterizing the cost of new components (elements) CU at i-th level of its alignment, information inputs of the fourth group input register consisting of m elements are input reference source information, the information on the inputs of the first through m-th input registers fourth group received value W _i, characterizing the efficiency of T at the i-th level of its unification, the information input of the input register is the input of the source information, and its information input receives the value T, which characterizes the actual time of use (development) of the standardized elements of the TS, the outputs of each element of the first and second groups of input registers are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the corresponding elements of the first group of multiplication blocks, consisting of m elements, the outputs of each of which are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding elements the second group of multiplication blocks, consisting of m elements, the second inputs of each of which are connected to the output of the division block, the outputs of each element of the second group of multiplication blocks are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding elements of the adder group, consisting of m elements, the second inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs corresponding elements of the EZ group, consisting of m elements, the inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the third group of multiplication blocks, consisting of m elements, the first inputs of each of which are connected to the corresponding elements of the third group of input registers, and the second inputs to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the group of subtraction blocks, consisting of m elements, the inputs of each of which are subtracted are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements of the first group of input registers, the outputs of each element of the fourth group input registers are connected to the inputs of the dividend of the corresponding elements of the group of division blocks, consisting of m elements, the inputs of the divider of each of which are connected to the outputs with corresponding elements of the adder group, and the outputs - to the information inputs of the corresponding elements of the group of output registers, consisting of m elements, the outputs of each of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding elements of the group of indication blocks, consisting of m elements, characterized in that it additionally contains the fifth and sixth groups of input registers, each of which consists of n elements, a switch, a fourth group of multiplication blocks, consisting of n elements, an accumulative adder and a second RI, the clock input of which the second is connected to the output of the clock generator, the ninth output of the second RI is with the recording inputs of the fifth and sixth input registers, the tenth and eleventh outputs with read inputs of the fifth and sixth groups of input registers, respectively, the information inputs of the fifth group of input registers are input of the initial information, on which receive the values of T _j characterizing the actual time of use of the j-th element of the vehicle, the information inputs of the sixth group of input registers are the input of the initial information, to values by coming which matured characterizing weighting factor takes into account the importance of the j - th element consisting of TC, the outputs of the fifth and sixth groups of input registers are connected respectively to first and second inputs of the corresponding elements of the fourth group of multipliers, the first through n-th outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the accumulative adder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the switch, the second input of which is connected to the output of the input register, and the output to the input of the divider of the division unit.

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