RU2518730C1 - Cultivator with separating screens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: cultivator comprises a hoe (1) with a separating screen (3) mounted at its rear circuit. The hoe (1) is made cycloidal, or universal, or one-sided. The bars of the separating screen (3) are made in the form of parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the centre of the rack mount. The teeth are made by welding or stamping, or plasma cutting. The teeth are tilted at an angle to the line of movement of the cultivator. The inclination angle of the teeth does not exceed the friction angle of the soil and weeds on the metal. The traces from the movement of the adjacent teeth of the separating screen (3) overlap each other.

EFFECT: this design implementation enables to improve the quality of separation of soil and weeds, levelling the field, to reduce the consumption of herbicides.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely cultivators with interchangeable working bodies, and can be used for processing soils with different mechanical composition and bonitet, with minimal labor, time and money on presowing soil preparation operations and on caring for vapors, beet crops and other crops when growing high yields in agriculture.

Known working body of a plane cutter with separating rods, developed at the North Caucasian MIS (N.Kh. Repnikov and others; I - side view, II - top view). The device is equipped with parallel to it lines of movement V _{α of the} cultivator and the tractor with parallel rods forming a separating grid. When the formation is cut, the soil falls onto rods fixed on the back contour of the paw. Small particles wake up, and larger fractions, plant debris and weeds are thrown to the surface of the field.

The disadvantage of this design is the low quality of separation of soil and weeds with a large distance between the rods that do not have an angle of inclination of the rods to the line of movement compared with the technical solution proposed in this application.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the cost of herbicides and fuels and lubricants for tillage, increasing crop yields.

The problem is solved in that the paw is made cycloidal, or universal, or one-sided, the bars of the separating lattice are made in the form of parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack attachment, made by welding, or stamping, or plasma cutting and inclined at an angle to the line of movement cultivator, while the angle of inclination of the teeth does not exceed the angle of friction of the weeds against the metal, and the traces from the passage of adjacent teeth of the separating lattice overlap each other, forming a continuous separated surface n la.

Lowering the height of the teeth of the separating lattice evens the surface of the field and reduces soil buildup from the edges of the paws to the center of the strut attachment.

List of drawings

Figure 1 - a separating rod lattice made by welding in the form of lowering teeth descending in height from the edge to the center of the rack attachment, tilted at an angle to the line of movement of the cycloidal paw of the cultivator;

Figure 2 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack mounting parallel teeth on the rear contour of the cycloidal paw;

Figure 3 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth falling in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening in the rear contour of a standard universal paw;

Figure 4 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening in the rear contour of a unilateral plane-cutting standard row leg;

5 is a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening in the rear contour of the plane cutter leg;

6 is a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening on the back contour of the cycloidal paw for processing non-clogged soils.

The cultivator design includes: a separating lattice made by stamping and laser cutting with parallel teeth on the rear contour lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack attachment. The paw can be cycloidal and standard with blades and a separating lattice. Paw 1, on which sharpening 2 is performed (or a loosening rod 2 is fixed instead of sharpening), the rear contour of the blade blade is provided with a separating grill 3, the separating grill being made by welding, or stamping, or plasma cutting, and the height of the parallel teeth of the separating grill gradually decreases from the edge the rear contour of the blade of the leg to the center of the rack, in addition, the teeth forming the grate are inclined at an angle to the line of movement of the cultivator, while the angle of inclination of the teeth does not exceed the angle of friction of the soil and weeds on the metal, and traces from ode teeth separating adjacent lattice overlapping each other, forming a continuous surface of the separated treated field. Lowering the height of the parallel teeth of the separating lattice from the edge of the rear contour of the blade of the paw to the center of the mounting of the rack reduces the build-up of soil from the edges of the legs to the center of the mounting of the racks.

Figure 1 - separating lattice made by welding with lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack mounting parallel teeth on the rear contour of the cycloidal paws (top view): 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - welded grate, with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening.

Figure 2 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening in the rear contour of the cycloidal paw: 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - a separating grating stamped with lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening teeth.

Figure 3 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack mounting with teeth lowering in height from the edge to the rack mounting center of the teeth on the rear loop of the universal standard paw: 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - a separating grating stamped with lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening teeth.

Figure 4 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack mounting on the rear side of a one-sided standard plane-cutting paw: 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - stamped separating grate; 4 - side shield.

Figure 5 - a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with parallel teeth lowering in height from the edge to the center of the rack fastening in the rear contour of a standard flat-leg paw: 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - stamped separating grate; 4 - the teeth of the lattice of different heights.

6 is a separating lattice made by stamping or laser cutting with equal height from the edge to the center of the rack mounting parallel teeth on the rear contour of the cycloidal paws for processing non-clogged soils: 1 - paw; 2 - blade sharpening; 3 - stamped separating grate with teeth of equal height.

The device operates as follows.

With the movement of the cultivator lowered to the surface of the field, the paw 1 deepens into the soil. When deepening into the upper horizon of the treated formation, the soil moves above the plane of the paw and pours out through its back contour, falling on the separating grate 3. On the grating, the soil and weeds change the longitudinal direction towards the inclination of parallel teeth of the separating grate, i.e. to the center of the rack attachment. Since the angle of inclination of the teeth of the separating lattice does not exceed the angle of friction of the soil and weeds against the metal, the lattice self-cleaning and works with overlapping traces from the passage of adjacent teeth. As a result, the field surface is leveled, and the soil and weeds are separated by a paw along the entire width of the separating lattice. A smooth lowering of the height of the teeth of the separating lattice reduces soil buildup from the edges of the paws to the center of attachment of the cultivator racks.

Based on the description and technical information presented in the application, the objective and the claims stated by the authors are realized.

Claims (1)

A cultivator containing a paw and rods installed on its rear contour that form a separating grate, characterized in that the paw is made cycloidal, or universal, or one-sided, the separating lattice rods are made in the form of parallel teeth welded downward from the edge to the center of attachment of the strut , or stamping, or plasma cutting and inclined at an angle to the line of movement of the cultivator, while the angle of inclination of the teeth does not exceed the angle of friction of the soil and weeds on the metal, and traces from the passage of adjacent slaughter separating lattice overlap each other, forming a continuous separated surface of the field.

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