RU2516355C2 - Flue-heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for heating of domestic and industrial premises, in particular, to design of furnace flues. The flue-heat exchanger comprises a hollow body with inlet and outlet nozzles, inside of which there is a braking device for braking of smoke gases and heat exchange, besides, the braking device is made in the form of gates with slots, at the same time gates are installed inside the body and are fixed on transverse axes capable of rotation so that in the position, when the gates are arranged across the body, their slots form a zigzag gas duct, and on the axes outside the body there are levers fixed, free ends of which with the help of hinged joints are connected to a common rod for installation of the gates into the specified position.

EFFECT: increased effectiveness of heat exchange by regulation of gates position for selection of optimal ratio of draught in a flue and effective heat exchange in a braking device, with preservation of high safety.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for heating domestic and industrial premises, in particular, to designs of chimneys of furnaces.

The chimney is one of the main elements of the furnace, which, on the one hand, ensures the discharge of combustion products - flue gases outside the heated room, and on the other hand, the heated surface of the chimney acts as a heat exchanger that transfers the thermal energy of the exhaust flue gases for additional heating of the rooms.

However, during the operation of the chimney-heat exchanger of the furnace together with the direct-flow stream of combustion products - flue gases, a significant amount of thermal energy is lost, which could be used for additional heating of the premises.

One of the main tasks facing the developers of furnace equipment is the creation of devices that increase the efficiency of heat transfer of exhaust flue gases while ensuring optimal and safe operation (draft) of the furnace chimney-heat exchanger.

The prior art design of the chimney-heat exchanger containing a hollow body with inlet and outlet nozzles, inside which is installed a braking device for braking flue gases and heat exchange ["Oven, duct and chimney for it" RU 2276755 (C1) (Stepanov V.A. ) (RU), F24B 5/02, F23B 80/00, 05/20/2006, the closest analogue prototype] [1].

In the known design of the chimney-heat exchanger, the brake device for flue gases is made in the form of a hollow pipe with radially mounted plates and a radiator made in the form of radially mounted plates with a casing - a hollow body.

The presence of a brake device for flue gases in the chimney-heat exchanger provides a more complete combustion of fuel in the furnace, a certain slowdown in the speed of the products of fuel combustion in the chimney of the brake device, a decrease in the temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the outlet pipe, thereby reducing heat loss and increasing efficiency heat transfer.

A disadvantage of the known chimney-heat exchanger is that the direct-flow movement of the flue gases does not provide a significant braking, which does not allow to achieve a more efficient heat transfer.

In addition, the well-known chimney-heat exchanger does not contain elements for regulating the flow area of the gas duct, setting the optimum draft ratio and efficient heat exchange between the hot flue gases and the heat exchanger elements of the brake device.

The basis of the invention is the technical task - to improve the chimney-heat exchanger by means of improved design and arrangement of heat exchange elements in the braking device and the additional use of means for regulating their position, to ensure in the braking device the movement of flue gases along a meandering longer duct, their more effective braking, as well as regulation passage section of a flue.

The technical result that is achieved by solving the technical problem and using an improved chimney-heat exchanger is to increase the heat transfer efficiency by adjusting the position of the dampers to select the optimal draft ratio in the chimney and heat transfer efficiency in the braking device, while maintaining high safety.

The technical task is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the chimney-heat exchanger containing a hollow body with inlet and outlet pipes, inside which a brake device for braking flue gases and heat exchange is installed, according to the invention, the brake device is made in the form of dampers with cutouts, the flaps are mounted inside the housing and mounted on the transverse axes with the possibility of rotation so that in the position when the flaps are located across the body, their cuts form a zigzag different gas duct and outside the housing on axles mounted levers, the free ends of which are connected via hinges with a common barbell for installing dampers in a predetermined position.

The implementation of the braking device in the form of dampers with cut-outs makes it possible to increase the braking of the flue gas flow and guarantees a minimum flow area of the duct between the shutter and the housing, which increases the efficiency of heat transfer while maintaining high safety and the presence of cutouts in the shutters, which eliminates the complete overlap of the duct by the said shutters and the effects of carbon monoxide on people with the transverse position of the dampers in the housing.

Due to the fact that the dampers are installed inside the housing and are mounted on the transverse axes with the possibility of rotation so that in the position when the dampers are located across the housing, their cutouts form a zigzag duct, then the movement of the flue gases along a winding longer path is ensured in the brake device - gas duct, which increases the efficiency of flue gas braking and heat transfer.

Due to the fact that levers are fixed on the axes outside the housing, the free ends of which are connected to a common rod by means of hinges for setting the valves in a predetermined position, it is possible to control the passage area of the gas duct by simultaneously changing the position of all the valves by the rod and choosing their position on the transverse axes at which the optimum draft in the chimney and the efficiency of heat transfer in the brake device are achieved.

The invention is further illustrated by the drawings and an example of its implementation.

Figure 1 shows a chimney-heat exchanger, a General view, a longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows a section A-A in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a view of B in figure 2.

Figure 4 shows the chimney-heat exchanger damper, modification 1.

Figure 5 shows the chimney-heat exchanger damper, modification 2.

Figure 6 shows the layout diagram of the chimney-heat exchanger in the furnace, option 1.

Figure 7 shows the layout of the chimney-heat exchanger in the furnace, option 2.

The chimney-heat exchanger (Figs. 1-7) contains a hollow body 1 (Figs. 1-3) with inlet 2 and outlet 3 pipes (2, 3), inside of which (1) a brake device 4 for braking flue gases and heat exchange is installed.

A feature of the improved chimney-heat exchanger is the following construction of its components.

The brake device 4 is made in the form of dampers 5 with cutouts 6, modification 1 (figure 4) or modification 2 (figure 5).

In this case, the shutters 5 are installed inside the housing 1 and are mounted on the transverse axes 7 with the possibility of rotation so that in the position when the shutters 5 are located across the housing 1, their (5) cutouts 6 form a zigzag duct (figure 1).

On the axes 7, outside the housing 1, levers 8 are fixed, the free ends of which (8) are connected to the common rod 10 by means of hinges 9 (Fig. 3) for installing the shutters 5 in a predetermined position.

For baths and saunas, the chimney-heat exchanger, including all its components (1-10), can be made of stainless steel.

The optimal geometric parameters of the housing 1 of the chimney-heat exchanger can have the following dimensions:

outer diameter of the housing 1 - 300 mm;

case height 1 - 600 mm.

In the brake device 4 of the chimney-heat exchanger on the axes 7 in the housing 1 can be mounted three shutters 5 with cutouts 6, for example, modification 1 (figure 4) or modification 2 (figure 5).

The proposed chimney-heat exchanger works as follows.

From the furnace (6, 7) flue gases enter the housing 1 of the chimney-heat exchanger through the inlet pipe 2 and interact with the brake device.

If the chimney-heat exchanger is in its original position (figure 1), when in the brake device 4 using the rod 10, levers 8 and axles 7, the shutter 5, for example modification 1 (figure 2, 4), are located across the housing 1, then their (5) cutouts 6 form a zigzag duct, with a minimum flow cross-section, providing a safe minimum traction, but having a meandering longer duct, providing maximum heat transfer.

When the chimney-heat exchanger is moved to a position in which in the brake device 4 with the help of the rod 10, levers 8 and axles 7, the shutter 5, for example, modification 1 (Figs. 2, 4), are located along the housing 1, then their (5) cutouts 6 form a direct-flow duct, with a maximum flow area providing maximum traction and a minimum duct length providing minimal heat transfer.

Depending on the choice of the set temperature in the heated room, the operator puts the chimney-heat exchanger in the position when in the brake device 4 with the help of the rod 10, levers 8 and axles 7, the shutter 5, for example modification 1 (Figs. 2, 4), is installed in the housing 1 to the inclined intermediate position, in which a safe optimum draft in the chimney and the necessary heat exchange efficiency are achieved to ensure the selected temperature in the heated room.

The predetermined position of the dampers 5 of the brake device 4 is determined by the temperature mode of heating the room.

It is most efficient to use the inventive chimney-heat exchanger as part of domestic solid fuel furnaces (boilers) with natural flue gas circulation.

When using the claimed chimney-heat exchanger, fuel consumption in the furnace is significantly reduced.

It has been experimentally established that in a furnace using the declared chimney-heat exchanger, fuel consumption for heating a room by 15 ° C is reduced by two to three times.

Thus, by improved execution and arrangement of the heat exchange elements of the shutters 5 in the brake device 4 and the additional use of means for regulating their position - axes 7, levers 8 and rods 10, the movement of flue gases through a meandering longer duct is ensured in the braking device 4, their more efficient braking, as well as regulation of the gas duct cross section.

Due to this, an increase in heat exchange efficiency is achieved by adjusting the position of the dampers 5 to select the optimum draft ratio in the chimney and heat transfer efficiency in the braking device 4, while maintaining high safety.

The above information indicates the possibility of carrying out the invention and industrial application of the proposed chimney-heat exchanger, which has a simple design, can be repeatedly manufactured at any enterprise and can be widely used in furnaces for heating domestic and industrial premises, working mainly on solid fuel.

Notation list

1) hollow body

2) inlet pipe

3) outlet pipe

4) brake device

5) damper

6) shutter cutout

7) damper axis

8) damper axis lever

9) hinge

10) barbell

Claims (1)

A chimney-heat exchanger comprising a hollow body (1) with inlet (2) and output (3) nozzles (2, 3), inside of which (1) a brake device (4) is installed for braking flue gases and heat exchange, characterized in that the device (4) is made in the form of dampers (5) with cutouts (6), while the dampers (5) are installed inside the housing (1) and are mounted on the transverse axes (7) with the possibility of rotation so that in the position when the dampers (5) ) are located across the housing (1), their (5) cutouts (6) form a zigzag duct, and on the axes (7) outside the housing (1) is fixed s levers (8), the free ends of which (8) via hinges (9) connected to a common rod (10) to set the flaps (5) to a predetermined position.

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