RU2514428C2 - Clothes of rescuers for protection from radio-active radiation in seismically hazardous areas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to individual protective equipment of rescuers when working with radioactive substances in seismically hazardous areas. The clothes of rescuers is proposed to protect against radio-active radiation, comprising the overall of air- and vapour-permeable fabric, gloves and vibration isolation boots, while the overall is equipped with pockets-cells to accommodate the plates-inserts made of a material that absorbs radio-active radiation, with an absorption coefficient corresponding to the power of the dose of ionizing radiation, as the material absorbing the radio-active radiation, the material is used which contains as a filler of lead oxides (plumbous oxide II, IY) and a binder - polyvinylbutyral, ethyl acetate, di-(alkylpolyethylenglycolic) phosphoric ester and ethyl cellulose with the following ratio of components wt.%: lead oxide (II, IV) 30.6-56.8; polyvinylbutyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; di-(alkylpolyethylenglycolic phosphoric ester) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest. The vibration isolation boots comprise a bootleg and vibration-proof sole with a sealed cavity located in the lower part, provided with a check valve for communicating with the external environment and the source of compressed air, the sealed cavity is connected through the throttling sleeve to the damping hollow chamber formed from the rigid vibration cushioning material and located inside the heel, and over the sealed cavity there is a tight elastic shell equidistant and congruent to it, filled with silicone fluid, and above it there is the insole made of needled fabric such as "Vybrosyl" based on silica or aluminium-boric-silica fibre.

EFFECT: improving the reliability of radiation protection during work of rescuers in seismically hazardous areas.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to personal protective equipment for rescuers when working with radioactive substances in seismically hazardous areas.

Known protective suit against industrial poisons, containing a jacket, trousers made of air- and vapor-permeable material, a helmet with a sight glass and a drape and a distributor that supplies air to the dressing area, has tread-tight linings in front of the trousers, the front cap goes into an apron that descends below the top edges of the trouser lining (USSR Author's Certificate 212757, class 61a 29/12, 1968).

The protective suits described above, like other similar designs, for working in an environment with radioactive substances and with open radioactive sources, can only be used for protection against alpha and beta emitters.

Known overalls for protection against radiation pollution, containing a jumpsuit-shell made of impervious to radioactive aerosols material, equipped with a distributor with a hose that feeds air into the clothing area (International Standard JSO-8194 First edition, 1987).

However, this overalls has a significant drawback, since it does not protect against gamma and X-ray radiation, and in this overalls it is possible to work only in a limited length of the air supply hose and free from technological equipment.

Closest to the proposed invention by the totality of signs is overalls for everyday use of personnel, containing overalls, gloves, shoes and an additional film wrap for short-term use worn over overalls (S. M. Gorodinsky "Personal protective equipment for working with radioactive substances", - M. : Atomizdat, 1970, pp. 216-236).

A significant drawback of the above-described workwear is the limited range of its use, since, protecting the surface of the body working from the ingress of radioactive nuclides of alpha and beta particles, it is completely transparent (free-permeable) to ionizing gamma and x-ray radiation. In addition, the limited (2-2.5 hours) time to use this workwear, which is due to the fact that when a person is working in insulated equipment of a small volume, there is a violation of the heat transfer process in the clothes area, aggravating the body, reducing its performance.

A technically achievable result is an increase in the reliability of radiation protection during the work of rescuers in seismically dangerous zones.

This is achieved by the fact that in lifeguard clothes for protection against radioactive radiation in seismically hazardous areas, containing overalls made of air- and vapor-permeable fabric, gloves and shoes, while the overalls are equipped with cell pockets for accommodating insert plates made of a material absorbing radioactive radiation, with an absorption coefficient corresponding to the dose rate of ionizing radiation, as a material that absorbs radioactive radiation, a material that contains I lead oxides (PbO II, IY) and a binder - polyvinyl acetate, di- (alkilpolietilenglikolevy) phosphoric acid ester of formula

,

,

where n = 6, R is an alkyl group containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and ethyl cellulose in the following ratio of components, wt.%: lead oxide II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinyl butyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; phosphoric acid di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest.

The new binder composition ensures full compatibility with lead oxides and allows to obtain materials with high lead equivalent and degree of flexibility. This material has good adhesion to metals, concrete, and brick. The material is a highly concentrated suspension that quickly hardens in air. The viscosity of the material is 20–70 Pa · s, which allows casting films of different thickness from it with a die or extruder, applying it to the surface with a brush, dousing, pouring it into various cavities, crevices and channels.

Figure 1a shows the front of the overalls, Figure 1b is a view from the back, Figure 2 is a set of insert plates with a different coefficient of protection against penetrating ionizing radiation, and Figure 3 is a diagram of vibration-proof boots.

Rescue clothing for protection against radioactive radiation in seismically hazardous areas contains a jumpsuit 1 made of air- and vapor-permeable fabric, a hood 2, a face shield 3 made of radiation-protective glass, gloves 4 and vibration-proof boots 5 designed to work with radioactive substances , cell pockets 6-7-8 for placement of insert plates 9 made of a material that protects against ionizing radiation, located at the level of vital human organs.

Vibro-protective boots 5 contain a boot 10, the lower part 11 with a vibration-proof sole 12. The lining 13 of the boot and the lower part 11 of the boot is made of technical textile material, and the connection of the upper and lower parts of the lining is carried out by line 14. The upper part of the boot 6 can be made of artificial leather, decorative textile material or injection polymers, for example polyurethane.

The vibration-proof sole 12 is made in the form of a sealed elastic-damping cavity 19 filled with compressed air, connected to a check valve 18 located above the heel 17, unified with a bicycle tire valve for pumping from a compressed air source (not shown in the drawing) and communication with the external environment, as well as connected by means of a throttling sleeve 19 with a damping hollow chamber 20 made of a rigid vibration-damping material, for example, plastic compound such as Agate, Anti-Vibrate, Shvim, and located inside to Abluka 17. The stiffness of different sections of the cavity 16 is made different: the lateral surface 21 may be less rigid than the upper and lower surfaces, or vice versa. Above the sealed cavity 16, an equidistant and congruent to it elastic sealed shell 22 is filled with silicone fluid, and above it is an insole (not shown in the drawing) made of needle-punched material of the Vibrosil type based on silica or aluminoborosilicate fiber. As the material of the sole 12, a vibration-absorbing material, for example, an elastomer, or polyurethane with a degree of porosity in the range of optimal values: 30–45% can be used. Moreover, the shape of the damping chamber 20 can be made as multifaceted, for example, in the form of a cube, or formed by bodies of revolution, for example, in the form of a cylinder, a sphere.

The following materials can be used as materials of the hermetic elastic-damping cavity 16 and the elastic hermetic shell 22: elastomers, for example rubber, injection polymer, for example polyurethane, rubber-cord shell.

A protective insert 23 is made rigidly connected to the damping chamber 20 in its middle part, which is made of a stiffer material than the sole 12 and performs the functions of an additional elastic element in the shoe-man vibration protection system.

The lifeguard boot under vibration loads works as follows.

Under the influence of the weight of the human operator, the elastic sealed shell 22 filled with silicone fluid and the upper surface of the cavity 16 due to their elasticity and connected by means of a throttling sleeve 19 with a damping hollow chamber 20, respectively located, take the form of a human foot. Cavity 16 due to the elastic properties of the internal cavity filler - air and the damping properties of the sleeve 19 is an effective pneumatic two-chamber vibration protection system in the general system of vibration protection "shoes-man". The elastic hermetic shell 22 filled with silicone fluid softens and also effectively dampens the load when walking, and also eliminates the skew of the foot in case of irregularities, protecting the foot from dislocation. To increase the efficiency of the vibration protection system "shoes-man" the pressure in the cavity 16 can be changed under the weight of a person, for example, by pumping air through the valve 18, or, conversely, releasing it into the atmosphere.

Depending on the pressure created in the cavity 16, it is possible to adjust the height of the foot support, providing a tight fit of the foot, including the top. Depending on the stiffness of the shell 22 filled with silicone fluid and the pressure in the cavity 16, you can create a comfortable walking feeling, for example, "like on grass or soft carpet."

The proposed design of vibration-proof shoes provides walking comfort and therapeutic effect due to vibration isolation and damping of the loads acting on the foot, as well as due to a more accurate and tight foot coverage.

Clothing rescuers to protect against radioactive radiation in seismically hazardous areas works as follows.

The procedure for using the proposed workwear is as follows. Before starting work in the area with high radiation, the staff puts on overalls 1 with a hood 2 and a protective shield 3, gloves 4 and vibration-proof boots 5. Then, plates 9 with an absorption coefficient corresponding to the dose rate of ionizing radiation are inserted into the pocket pockets 6-7-8 each case.

In addition, the proposed overalls can also be used without radiation-protective insert inserts 9 as everyday wear overalls for the individual protection of the skin in normal production conditions.

After working with radioactive sources, the protective liners must be removed from the cells and sent, like overalls, for decontamination.

As a material that absorbs radioactive radiation, a material is used that contains lead oxides (lead oxide II, IY) and a binder, polyvinyl butyral, ethyl acetate, di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol) phosphoric acid ester of the formula

where n = 6, R is an alkyl group containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and ethyl cellulose in the following ratio of components, wt.%: lead oxide II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinyl butyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; phosphoric acid di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest.

The new binder composition in the claimed invention provides full compatibility with lead oxides and allows to obtain materials with high lead equivalent and degree of flexibility. This material has good adhesion to metals, concrete, and brick. The material is a highly concentrated suspension that quickly hardens in air. The viscosity of the material is 20-70 Pa · s, which allows casting films of different thickness from it with a die or extruder, applying it to the surface with a brush, dousing, pouring it into various cavities, crevices and channels.

The proposed protective clothing is designed to work in an industrial environment with open sources of ionizing radiation, as well as during repair and emergency rescue operations in seismically hazardous areas.

Claims (1)

Rescue clothing for protection against radioactive radiation in seismically hazardous areas, containing overalls made of air- and vapor-permeable fabric, gloves and vibration-proof boots, while the overalls are equipped with pocket pockets for accommodating inserts made of a material that absorbs radiation, with a coefficient absorption, corresponding to the dose rate of ionizing radiation, as a material that absorbs radioactive radiation, a material is used that contains oxides with lead (lead oxide II, IV) and a binder - polyvinyl butyral, ethyl acetate, di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol) ester of phosphoric acid of the formula

where n = 6, R is an alkyl group containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and ethyl cellulose in the following ratio of components, wt.%: lead oxide II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinyl butyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; phosphoric acid di- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest, while the new binder composition in the claimed invention provides full compatibility with lead oxides and allows to obtain materials with a high lead equivalent and a degree of flexibility that has good adhesion to metals, concrete, brick, in addition, the material is a highly concentrated suspension, quickly hardening in air, and the viscosity of the material is 20 ÷ 70 Pa · s, which allows casting films of different thickness from it with a die or extruder, and apply to the surface to pouring into various cavities, slots and channels, characterized in that the vibration-proof boots contain a boot and a vibration-proof sole with a sealed cavity located in the lower part, equipped with a check valve for communication with the external environment and a source of compressed air, the sealed cavity is connected by a throttling sleeve with a damping hollow chamber made of a rigid vibration-damping material, such as plastic compound such as Agate, Anti-Vibrate, Shvim, and located inside the heel, and above it is sealed a cavity, equidistant and congruent to it, an elastic tight shell filled with silicone fluid, and above it there is an insole made of needle-punched material of the type “Vibrosil” based on silica or aluminoborosilicate fiber, and a vibration-absorbing material, such as an elastomer, can be used as the sole material or polyurethane with a degree of porosity that is in the range of optimal values: 30–45%, and the shape of the damping chamber can be multifaceted, for example, in in the form of a cube, it is formed by bodies of revolution, for example, in the form of a cylinder, a sphere, and the following materials can be used as materials of a tight elastic-damping cavity and an elastic tight shell: elastomers, for example rubber, injection polymer, for example polyurethane, rubber-cord shell, at the same time, a protective insert is made rigidly connected to the damping chamber in its middle part, which is made of a stiffer material than the sole, and acts as an additional elastic element in the vibration-proof system " shoes are man. "

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