RU2513921C1 - Device for prevention of formation of ice in building drain or another structure and method for its installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises an electronic unit of microwave emission, which is made on the frame with partitions, and includes the following: a fan, a power transformer or an inverter block, a high-voltage capacitor, a diode rectifying bridge, a magnetron with a temperature sensor, a grid anti-noise filter, a grid power supply cord. The electronic microwave unit comprises a protective jacket with handles and a safety rope, a detachable cap. The device is made in the form of an autonomous electronic unit, which is inserted into a support installed in the drain funnel.

EFFECT: improved operating reliability of drains.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of public utilities, in particular, it is intended to prevent the formation of ice in the drains of buildings and other structures that occur in winter and spring. Of the well-known modern and effective devices that prevent the formation of ice in the gutters of civil and industrial buildings, there are devices and devices based on the use of electric heating with the help of loop cables of various configurations, mounted on cornices and drains to prevent the formation of ice accumulation at the moment of precipitation of supercooled precipitation.

An analogue of the present invention are currently used "Thermal loops", which are special electrical cables placed in the gutters and connected to the electrical network. When you turn on the "heat loop" in the ice of the gutter, a channel forms along which the melted water flows from the funnel. However, the bulk of the ice formation remains and loads the drain, which can lead to its breakage, since the weight of the ice formation in the standard (diameter 200 mm) drain of a 5-story building reaches 500 kg.

The prototype of such a device is a technical solution described in the application No. 201048985 dated 11/30/10 by A. Rybkin. The specified device to prevent the formation of frost in the gutters is also located in the funnel of the gutter. However, a serious problem of its use is the installation and dismantling of the device on the drain if it is necessary to repair the device. The device is removed from the drainpipe funnel from the roof of a building or industrial structure, which greatly complicates this process and makes it life-threatening for the worker.

The present invention, consisting of a device designed to expand the technical and economic indicators of the existing prototype, as well as a method of installing a device to prevent the formation of ice in the gutter, aimed at simplifying the installation and disassembly process, makes this invention more progressive and economical, and the production installation process and disassembly - safer for staff, which is extremely important in altitude and bad weather conditions.

The essence of the invention to prevent the formation of ice in the drain of a building or other structure and the method for its installation consists in that the device for preventing the formation of ice in the drain of a building or other structure includes an electronic microwave unit, which is made on a frame with partitions, contains : fan, power transformer (or inverter unit, high voltage capacitor, diode rectifier bridge, magnetron with temperature sensor, surge suppressor, power cord ele The microwave electronic unit has a protective casing with handles and a safety cable, a removable cap, as well as a support with a square window, an insulating insert, frames with a protective metal mesh and a magnetic disk with a hole, snap rings installed on both ends of the drain, and the upper frame consists of a metal protective net, an elastic shell, a magnetic disk with a central hole, an insulating coating or an insulating pad and a resonator.

The method for installing a device for preventing ice formation in the drain of a building or other structure includes the step of installing an elastic frame with a protective metal mesh in the lower and upper parts of the drain, a support with a square window in the center of the support, on which in a square window, is introduced into the drain funnel mechanically fix the device assembled in a predetermined position, and the handle of the housing fixes it in the desired position in the drain, so that the reference area of the magnetron antenna closes with the final disk located on the metal protective net and held in this position by magnetic attraction, thereby closing the hole in the frame, the power cord is connected to the control unit outlet, which is located next to the drain funnel on the roof of the building, the contents of the device are closed with a protection cap electronic unit from the negative effects of the atmosphere, and the device’s power supply is remotely turned on from the control panel.

Thus, the present invention is made in the form of a self-contained electronic unit, which is inserted into or removed from the internal support for operation, in case of disassembly or repair, pre-installed in the drain funnel. Moreover, the design of the microwave electronic unit and its support does not require special fastening, since it is held in the funnel of the drainpipe by its own weight with a low center of gravity and magnetic forces arising between the support area of the magnetron and the magnetic disk on a protective frame fixed in the drain.

The method of installing or disassembling a device to prevent the formation of frost is as simple and effective as the entire device as a whole, and is aimed at protecting the lives of people working on the roof of a building or other industrial structure, serving the process of preventing ice accumulation in drains.

The figure 1 shows a device for preventing the formation of ice gutter of a building or other structure, where the following notation:

1. Drain

2. A funnel of a drainpipe,

3. Prop

4. Square window

5. Microwave unit

6. Frame

7. Fan

8. Power transformer

9. High voltage capacitor

10. Diode rectifier bridge

11. Magnetron

12. Mains suppression filter

13. Temperature sensor

14. Protective cover

15. Cap

16. Mains power cord

17. Magnetron antenna

18. Antenna reference area

19. Protective metal mesh

20. Frame

21. Shell

22. Magnetic disk

23. Hole

24. Circlip

25. Waveguide

26. Control unit with sensors

27. Locking cable

28. Pen

29. Socket

30. The partition

31. Magnetron radiator

32. Insulating insert

33. Insulating coating.

34. Side holes of the casing.

The figure 1 shows a device for preventing frost in a disassembled state, where a cap 15 is placed from top to bottom to protect the electronic unit from atmospheric precipitation and physical damage, the microwave electronic unit 5, with support handles 28 and an insurance cable attached to it 27, then a support 3 with an insulating insert 32 and a square window 4 for accommodating an electronic microwave radiation unit 5, a frame 20 with a metal protective net 19 and a funnel 2 of the drain 1, where the frame 20 is installed.

The structure of the frame 20 is shown in figure 1 in the selected zone A, where the shell 21, the protective metal mesh 19, the magnetic disk 22, the hole 23, and the waveguide 25 and the locking ring 24 attached to the magnetic disk 22. An insulating coating 33 is applied to the magnetic disk 22. the ring 24 is installed during the assembly of the device in the funnel 2 of the drain 2 above and below the frames 20 and prevent their arbitrary displacement. The snap rings 24 are made of elastic steel tape or other material having the necessary elasticity with notches. The ends of the retaining rings 24 are bent inward for ease of operation of the device inside the funnel 2 of the drain 1. The retaining rings can be magnetized before strengthening their holding properties.

An acceptable option for fixing the protective frame 20 by installing restrictive magnets along the contour of the frame on the inner side of the drain 1.

The figure 2 shows a device to prevent frost, installed on the drain 1, where the microwave unit 5 is mounted on a support 3 and rests on the handles 28. A safety cable 27 is attached to one of the handles 28 to prevent the device from falling when the drain 1 or its funnel is destroyed. 2 under the influence of the physical forces of man or nature. The opposite end of the cable 27 is fixed to the roof. At the same time, the cable 27 performs the function of grounding the electronic unit. A magnetic disk 22 is adjacent to the supporting area of the antenna 18, through an insulating coating 33, with a protective metal grid 19 and a waveguide 25 attached to it. A frame 20 is shown in the lower part of the drain 1, fixed by the snap rings 24 above and below.

Figure 3 shows a device for preventing ice accumulation in an assembly where a fan 6, a power transformer 8 or an inverter unit, a high-voltage capacitor 9, a diode rectifier bridge 10, a magnetron 11 with a temperature sensor 13, and a network noise filter 12 are mounted on the frame 6. 6, an easily removable protective casing 14 and a cap 15 are installed. On top of the electronic block of the device to prevent icing 5, a power cord 16 is inserted that extends from the bottom of the cap 15. A support handle is mounted on the protective casing 14 28 and fastened a safety cable 27.

Structurally, the frame 6 with a protective casing 14 is configured to form a channel for the movement of air flow generated by the fan 7. The heat generated by the power transformer 8 and magnetron 11 is discharged down into the drain 1 and increases the efficiency of the microwave unit 5 to prevent icing. The cap 15 protects the electronics of the microwave unit 5 from atmospheric precipitation in the form of rain and snow inside. Air for cooling the loaded electronic components is sucked in by the fan 7 from the bottom of the hood 15 through four gaps formed by the square section of the electronic unit 5 and the round hood 15 and goes down from above, flowing around all the electronic components of the microwave unit 5 and then goes into the drain 1, and through the side holes of the casing 34, made in its lower part for the release of heated air into the funnel, further heating it.

The frame 20, mounted at the junction of a cylindrical drain 1 and a conical funnel 2, keeps the microwave radiation from scattering up and directs the radiation down to the drain 1, through the waveguide 25.

Since the formation of a gap between the supporting area of the magnetron antenna 19 and the protective metal mesh 19 is inadmissible, a magnetic disk 22 is installed in the center of the protective metal mesh 19, which closes the hole 23. The magnetic disk 22 is pressed against the supporting area of the antenna 19 when the microwave unit 5 sits down on the handles 29. A waveguide 25 is mounted on the magnetic disk 22 to form an optimal field of microwave radiation.

The installation method of the device to prevent the formation of ice in the drain of a building or other structure consists of the following actions, performed in the following order:

- a frame 20 with a protective metal mesh 19 blocking the microwave radiation is installed in the drain 1 from the inside of the funnel 2, then the frame 20 is fixed with the upper and lower retaining rings 24. Thus, the frame 20 is tightly pressed against the walls of the drain 1 due to the elastic shell 21 Further, a support 3 is introduced into the funnel 22 with an insulating insert 32 installed on it and fixed to the funnel 2 by any mechanical means.

In the square window 4 of the support 3 in the assembled form, put the microwave unit 5, while the reference area of the antenna 18 is in contact with the magnetic disk 22 and closes the hole in the protective frame from microwave radiation frame 20.

A cap 15 is installed on the upper part of the microwave unit 5, and the power supply cord 16 is connected to an outlet 30 located on the operation control unit of the microwave unit 5 with sensors 26.

Thus, the installation of the microwave unit 5 is completed and you can start the technical operation of the device to prevent the formation of ice accumulation in the gutter.

It should be noted that if it is necessary to repair or replace the device, disassembly is performed in the reverse order and reduces to simple operations.

As can be seen from the description of the method, the removal and replacement of both the microwave electronic unit itself, as well as its mounting components, is simplified and effective.

The anti-icing device based on the microwave unit works as follows: after applying voltage from the control unit with sensors 26 to the microwave unit 5, the fan 7 and the magnetron 11 are simultaneously turned on. The microwave radiation generated by the magnetron 11 is emitted through the magnetron 17 through the waveguide 25 in the drain 1, the same part of the air heated in the electronic unit enters. The simultaneous exposure to microwave radiation and heated air raises the temperature inside the drain and prevents the formation of ice on its walls and in the funnel, and if ice has already arisen earlier, it will gradually melt it.

The advantage of using microwave radiation to prevent the formation of ice in the gutters is that the radiation is distributed along the entire length of the gutter, from the upper to the lower limit grid. In this case, the absorption of microwave radiation occurs in the entire volume of ice formation and is most intense in the zones of contact of ice with the inner surface of the drain. This is an important factor, since in the gutter protected by the anti-icing microwave block no supercooled zones will form, and energy absorption will occur more evenly along the entire length of the gutter, which takes place in other ways to protect the gutters from icing.

The device for preventing ice accumulation and the method of its installation are made in single copies, tested in the winter conditions of the St. Petersburg winter and have shown their effectiveness in operation.

The proposed device can be manufactured at any enterprise with experience in the production of electronic equipment, and is intended for the purchase and operation of public utilities that can efficiently operate it, taking as a basis the proposed installation method.

Claims (4)

1. Device for preventing the formation of ice in the gutter of a building or other structure, including an electronic microwave unit made on a frame with partitions, containing a fan, power transformer (or inverter unit, high voltage capacitor, diode rectifier bridge, magnetron with temperature sensor , surge suppressor, power cord, protective cover with handles, hood, safety cable, support with square window, insulating insert, frames with protective metal mended and the magnetic disk with a hole, locking rings or magnets contour frame installed at both ends gutter, the top frame consists of a metal protective mesh, an elastic mantle, a magnetic disk with a central hole, the insulating coating or lining and the insulating cavity. 2. The method of installing a device to prevent the formation of ice in the gutter of a building or other structure includes the action of installing elastic frames in the lower and upper parts of the gutter with a protective metal mesh, introducing and installing a support with a square window in the center of the support into the funnel of the drain, installing an electronic the microwave radiation unit in assembled form and fixing the unit in a predetermined position so that the handles mounted on the block body sit on a support in a predetermined position, so that the antenna support area m gnetrona merges with the magnetic disk positioned on a metal protective mesh, and retained in this position by magnetic attraction, thereby closing the opening in the magnet frame. The power cord is connected to the outlet of the control unit located next to the drain funnel on the roof of the building, the upper part of the device is covered with a cap to protect the electronic unit from the effects of precipitation, and the device is powered up remotely from the control panel. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing of the frames with protective nets is carried out using magnetized retaining rings or magnets located along the frame contour and mounted on the inner surface of the drain. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the lower side of the casing of the microwave unit there are lateral openings for the exit of part of the heated air into the funnel.

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