RU2511234C2 - Machine for separation of cuttings of vegetably propagated rootstocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry and may be used for mechanisation of works in horticulture, in particular for separation of cuttings of the parent plants of vegetably propagated rootstocks. The machine comprises a frame (1) with support-adjusting wheels (2), on which a shaft (3) with an inclined rotation axis is mounted, and a cutting disc (6), blades (7) over it and a drive (5) secured thereon by means of a hub (4). The machine is provided with two weed removing units (8 and 9 (not shown in Figure 1)), which are secured through racks (10) by means of holders symmetrically to the shaft axis of rotation in front of the cutting disc. The horizontal cutting edges of the weed removing units are located below the plane of the disc rotation.

EFFECT: invention provides increased quality of slipping the cuttings of vegetably propagated rootstocks by reducing blunted capacity of the cutting disc and providing the visual control of the process of separation of these cuttings.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for mechanization of work in horticulture, in particular for separating cuttings from uterine plants of vegetatively propagated stocks.

A known unit for separating layers, containing a frame with supporting and adjusting wheels and vertically mounted on it two shafts with cutting discs rotating towards each other, and the drive, the cutting edge of each disk is contradictory to the other [1]. In operation, the device saddles a number of plants, cutting discs cut into the roll from its lateral sides, taking on the soil layer. Separate shoots together with the soil with rotating discs are transported between the shafts and dumped on the back to the uterine plants.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability of high-quality performance of the process. Flat discs without protrusions have low pushing power. Plants linger on the discs, form congestion, and the detachable layers are injured. Drives operating in the roll are subject to abrasive soil, which leads to blunting of the cutting edges. In addition, there is no possibility of visual control over the quality of the cut of cuttings and the condition of the uterine plants, since the soil and separated cuttings remain on the row line.

A known machine for separating layers of vegetatively propagated stocks [2 - prototype], containing a frame with supporting and adjusting wheels and mounted on it a shaft with an inclined axis of rotation and a cutting disk and a drive. In the work, the cutting disc is introduced into the roll along the axis of the row and separates the layering. In this case, layering together with the soil of the covering shaft are shifted to the side of the row line.

The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of the technological process, since the cutting disc injures the cuttings due to the small transporting ability and partially carries them out into the row of uterine plants, closing the sections from visual inspection. In addition, the cutting disc working in the thickness of the cover shaft is highly susceptible to abrasive wear, which leads to a rapid blunting of the cutting edge and a decrease in the quality of the cut.

Known cutting apparatus for trimming branches [3], containing on the shaft a disk with riveted segment knives and mounted on the shaft above the disk blades with a hub. In operation, the blades provide an effective discharge of branches outside the cutting apparatus.

The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of the cut of the cuttings of vegetatively propagated stocks due to the rapid blunting of the cutting edges of the knives operating in the cover shaft array.

A machine for separating cuttings of vegetatively propagated stocks is proposed, comprising a frame with supporting and adjusting wheels, a shaft mounted thereon with an inclined axis of rotation, and a cutting disc and blades mounted thereon and a drive above it and a drive, characterized in that the machine is equipped with two sweeps installed on the frame by means of holders symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the shaft in front of the cutting disk, and their horizontal cutting edges are located below the plane of rotation of the disk.

High-quality operation of the proposed device is achieved by the fact that the cultivators remove a significant part of the covering shaft, shifting the soil towards the row spacing and providing a sparing mode for the cutting disc by reducing the load from the side of the covering shaft formation. In addition, visual control of the quality of the cut and the condition of the uterine plants allows you to quickly respond to changes in working conditions and timely make appropriate adjustments to the working bodies during the process.

Figure 1 schematically shows a machine for separating layers of vegetatively propagated stocks, side view; figure 2 - arrangement of the fenders in the cover shaft when separating layers, rear view.

A machine for separating cuttings of vegetatively propagated stocks contains a frame 1 with supporting and adjusting wheels 2, on which a shaft 3 with an inclined axis of rotation and a hub 4 and a drive 5 are mounted. A cutting disc 6 and blades 7 are mounted on the hub 4, symmetrically to the axis of the shaft 3 in front of the cutting disk 6 mounted otpashniki 8 and 9, mounted through the racks 10 by means of holders 11 to the frame 1. The otpashniki are fixed so that their horizontal cutting edges 12 are located below the plane of rotation 13 of the disk.

The machine operates as follows.

When the machine moves over the axis of the row, the tillers 8 and 9 destroy the soil shaft 14 from the sides and shift the soil toward adjacent row spacings. A circular knife 6 cuts the cuttings 15 at a height of 1-2 cm from the uterine plants 16 and, together with the remains of the soil shaft, takes them out to the side and dumps them near the uterine plants. The blades 7 contribute to the effective discharge of the separated layering.

The effectiveness of the device is achieved by significantly improving the quality of cuts of cuttings of vegetatively propagated stocks by reducing the bluntness of the cutting disc and providing visual control over the process of separating these cuttings.

Information sources

1. Inventors and rationalizers - to gardeners: Reference ed. / Structure. Berenshtein I.B. - Simferopol: Tavria, 1989 .-- 208 p.

2. Machines and equipment for mechanization of work in nurseries: catalog / VDNH USSR. - M.: VDNKhSSSR, 1989 .-- 102 p.

3. A.S. USSR No. 730325, A01D 55/18. Publ. 04/03/80. Bull. No. 16.

Claims (1)

A machine for separating layers of vegetatively propagated rootstocks, comprising a frame with supporting and adjusting wheels, a shaft mounted thereon with an inclined axis of rotation and a cutting disc mounted thereon via a hub, blades above it and a drive, characterized in that the machine is equipped with two tillers mounted on the frame by means of holders symmetrically to the axis of rotation of the shaft in front of the cutting disk, and their horizontal cutting edges are located below the plane of rotation of the disk.

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