RU2511032C2 - Method for integrated control of characteristics of active phased antenna array - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, radio.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering. Beam pattern characteristics of an active phased antenna array (APAA) are determined during microwave inspection of radiators and associated PPM; during receiving operation of the APAA, the state of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th PPM is estimated and characteristics of the low-noise amplifier included in the receiving channel of each i-th PPM of the APAA are estimated, and during transmitting operation of the APAA, the state of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th PPM is estimated. If after microwave inspection of the state of the attenuator, its characteristics are below reference values, characteristics of the attenuator are estimated and compared with reference values. If after microwave inspection of the state of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier, its characteristics are below reference values, characteristics of the power amplifier are estimated. Furthermore, low-frequency inspection further includes inspection of current consumed by each i-th PPM from the power supply and if its value I_potis is greater than the acceptable value I_{potis acc up}, then supply voltage is disconnected from the i-th PPM and excluded from further inspection procedures, and if the value I_potis is below the acceptable value I_{potis acc low}, the faulty i-th PPM undergoes microwave inspection. The detected differences of characteristics of the attenuator and PPM amplifiers from their reference values, as well as data on disconnecting the i-th PPM based on the low-frequency inspection results are taken into account when simulating the beam pattern of the APAA.

EFFECT: high accuracy of controlling beam pattern characteristics of an active phased antenna array.

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Description

The present invention relates to radio engineering and can be used to control the characteristics of the radiation pattern of an active phased array antenna (AFAR) with discrete control of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents of the emitters using controlled transceiver modules (PPM), which include: transmit-receive switches ; discrete-controlled phase shifter; a multi-stage controlled attenuator, a receiving channel, consisting of a low-noise amplifier with a protective device, a transmitting channel containing a multi-stage power amplifier, providing discrete control of the output signal level.

Known modulation method for monitoring the characteristics of the phased array antenna pattern (PAR), implemented in US Pat, 3378846 (USA, NKI 343-100), which is based on alternate microwave (microwave) control of all control channels in each of L = 2 ^P their states , where p is the number of bits of the phase shifter of the control channel, namely, that the phase shifter of the controlled control channel switches from one state to another and vice versa with a frequency of Ω, and the spectrum of the total PAR signal is analyzed to determine the complex amplitude of the first lateral harmonic ω ₁ , which is separated from the fundamental frequency ω ₀ by Δω ₁ , which is taken as the excitation amplitude of the emitter. Measurement of the parameters of the emitted modulating component of the signal allows you to obtain the characteristics of the PPM phase shifter during operation of the AFAR either for reception or transmission, to identify faulty phase shifters and to calculate the characteristics of the total radiation pattern of the AFAR.

The disadvantage of this method is that it requires a lot of time to measure the characteristics of all phase shifters, does not allow to control the characteristics of amplifiers and attenuators of the PPM, has insufficient accuracy in measuring the characteristics of the radiation pattern, does not take into account the interference of emitters and requires the radar station to exit from normal operation for a long time .

In A.S. 1062621 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10) a method for determining the characteristics of the radiation pattern of the HEADLIGHTS, in which when implementing the modulation method in accordance with US Pat. 3378846 (USA, NKI 343-100) takes into account the mutual influence of individual emitters by measuring the amplitude and phase of the excitation currents of each emitter with random phasing of adjacent emitters in a circle with a radius of 2-4 wavelengths from the controlled one.

The disadvantage of this method is that it also requires a lot of time to measure the radiation characteristics of all AFAR emitters, does not allow controlling the characteristics of the amplifiers and attenuators of the PPM and requires taking the radar station out of normal operation for a long time.

The known time of monitoring (application 60-123107 (Japan), MKI H01Q 3/36), which implements the method of rotation of the field of the radiating element, namely, that amplitude modulation of the field of the PAR by sequentially changing all the states of the phase shifter (from the l-th to the L-th) of the controlled control channel and digital processing of the received total modulated signal. In the case of a perfectly tuned control channel, the oscillation phase at the output of the emitter connected to it changes with each phase shifter switch by the same value Δφ (phase shifter switching discrete), and the insertion loss by the control channel is a constant value of ΔР, therefore, as a result of calibration, the reference the dependence of the change in the amplitude of the PAR field at L switchings of the phase shifter. In the process of monitoring the control channels, the ratios of the maximum values of the amplitude of the PAR field to the minimum, as well as the phase shift of the LF at the maximum value of the amplitude, are determined. As a result of comparing the obtained value with the reference one, the influence of each control channel on the radiation pattern of the headlamp is determined.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not allow you to control the characteristics of amplifiers and attenuators PPM and requires the removal of the radar station from the normal operating mode, which makes it impossible to use it in radar stations (radar), providing tracking of fast flying objects under the influence of destructive and disturbing destabilizing factors and requiring operational control of the AFAR radiation pattern without removing the radar from its normal mode.

, а N число элементов ФАР), в каждом из L=2^P состояний фазовращателя (р - число разрядов фазовращателя), в случае выявления неисправности канала управления ФАР, по результатам проведения НЧ-контроля, проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го канала ФАР (при ее работе на прием, либо на передачу), при выявлении отличий A_0i от А_этi и Ф_i от Ф_этi проводится СВЧ-контроль всех каналов в радиусе 4λ, различия между А_0i, Ф_i и их эталонными значениями и А_этi и Ф_этi учитываются в процессе моделирования диаграммы направленности ФАР.To ensure control of the characteristics of the radiation pattern of the AFAR without removing the radar from the normal mode allows you to provide a known method of controlling the characteristics of the radiation pattern of the headlamp (US Pat. 2169376 (Russia), IPC G01R 29/10). To determine the characteristics of the radiation pattern of a phased array, a low-frequency control is carried out, which consists in analyzing the reactions of its phase shifters to beam control commands of the phased array and microwave control carried out without removing the radar from its normal mode, at time intervals outside of the gated range sections, which consists in determining the ratio of maximum values the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th PAR element to the minimum A _0i , as well as the phase shift of the excitation current Ф _i relative to the set values of A _eti and Ф _eti (where

, and N is the number of PAR elements), in each of L = 2 ^P states of the phase shifter (p is the number of bits of the phase shifter), in case of a malfunction of the PAR control channel, according to the results of the low-frequency control, a microwave control of the faulty ith channel of the PAR (when it is working on reception or transmission), if differences are found between A _0i and А _eti and Ф _i from Ф _eti , microwave control of all channels within a radius of 4λ is carried out, differences between A _0i , Ф _i and their reference values and А _eti and _{f eti} are taken into account in the process of modeling the radiation pattern of the headlamp.

The disadvantage of this method is that only those emitters are subjected to microwave control, the phase shifters of which turned out to be malfunctioning as a result of analyzing their reactions to the antenna array beam control commands, since during operation of the PAR and AFAR the emitter may also be damaged if the phase shifter is operational. In addition, it does not allow to control the characteristics of amplifiers and attenuators of the PPM. This leads to a decrease in the reliability of monitoring the characteristics of the radiation pattern of the AFAR.

, а N число элементов АФАР) в каждом из L=2^P состояний фазовращателя (р - число разрядов фазовращателя), при этом раскрыв АФАР разбивается на J квадратов со стороной, равной

, вписанных в окружности радиусом 4λ, контроль излучателей и соединенных с ними каналов управления, имеющих номера

и являющихся центрами описанных окружностей, проводится в случайном порядке, причем если в результате СВЧ-контроля этих излучателей параметры A_0i оказываются ниже своих эталонных значений A_этi, то проводится последовательный СВЧ-контроль и запоминание амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения, а также координат m, n (где m - номер строки, n - номер столбца) излучателей, находящихся в j-ом круге радиуса 4λ, а при определении координат излучателя m', n', характеризующегося наименьшей разностью параметров А_этi и A_0i проводится СВЧ-контроль амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения излучателей, находящихся в круге радиусом 4λ и центром в точке с координатами m', n', которые еще не подвергались СВЧ-контролю в ходе предшествующей процедуры, в случае выявления неисправности i-го фазовращателя АФАР по результатам проведения НЧ-контроля проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го ППМ, при выявлении отличий A_0i от A_этi и Ф_i от Ф_этi проводится СВЧ-контроль всех каналов в радиусе 4λ, различия между A_0i, Ф_i и их эталонными значениями и А_этi и Ф_этi учитываются в процессе моделирования диаграммы направленности АФАР.Improving the reliability of monitoring the characteristics of the radiation pattern of an AFAR can be implemented using the well-known method of controlling the characteristics of the radiation pattern of a phased array (US Pat. 2333502 (Russia), IPC G01R 29/10), which is selected as a prototype. To determine the characteristics of the AFAR radiation pattern, a LF control is simultaneously carried out, consisting of an analysis of the responses of its PPM phase shifters to AFAR beam control commands, and a microwave control, carried out without removing the radar from its normal mode, at time intervals outside the gated range sections, consisting in determining the ratio of the maximum values of the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter (when it is being received) to the minimum A _0i , as well as the phase shift of the excitation current Ф _i relative to the reference values of A _eti and F _eti (where

, and N is the number of elements of the AFAR) in each of the L = 2 ^P states of the phase shifter (p is the number of bits of the phase shifter), while the opening of the AFAR is divided into J squares with a side equal to

, inscribed in a circle with a radius of 4λ, control of emitters and control channels connected to them, having numbers

and which are the centers of the circumscribed circles, it is carried out in random order, and if, as a result of the microwave control of these emitters, the parameters A _0i fall below their reference values A _eti , then a sequential microwave control and storing of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents, as well as the coordinates m, n (where m is the row number, n is the column number) of the emitters located in the jth circle of radius 4λ, and when determining the coordinates of the emitter m ', n', characterized by the smallest difference in the parameters A _eti and A _0i , microwave amplitudes are _checked and Toko phases excitations of emitters located in a circle with a radius of 4λ and a center at a point with coordinates m ', n' that have not yet been subjected to microwave control during the previous procedure, if a malfunction of the i-th phase shifter AFAR is detected, the microwave control of the faulty i-th MRP, when identifying differences A _0i from A _eti and Ф _i from Ф _eti , a microwave control of all channels within a radius of 4λ is carried out, differences between A _0i , Ф _i and their reference values and A _eti and Ф _eti are taken into account the process of modeling the radiation pattern AFAR.

This method does not allow to control the characteristics of the amplifiers and attenuators of the PPM, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of monitoring the characteristics of the radiation pattern of the AFAR.

, а N число элементов АФАР) в каждом из L=2^P состояний фазовращателя (р - число разрядов фазовращателя), при этом раскрыв АФАР разбивается на J квадратов со стороной, равной

, вписанных в окружности радиусом 4λ, контроль излучателей и соединенных с ними ППМ, имеющих номера

и являющихся центрами описанных окружностей, проводится в случайном порядке, причем если в результате СВЧ-контроля этих излучателей, параметры A_0i оказываются ниже своих эталонных значений A_этi, то проводится последовательный СВЧ-контроль и запоминание амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения, а также координат m, n (где m - номер строки, n - номер столбца) излучателей, находящихся в j-ом круге радиуса 4λ, а при определении координат излучателя m', n', характеризующегося наименьшей разностью параметров А_этi и А_0i, проводится последовательный СВЧ-контроль амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения излучателей, находящихся в круге радиусом 4λ и центром в точке с координатами m', n', а в случае выявления неисправности i-го фазовращателя АФАР по результатам проведения НЧ-контроля проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го ППМ, отличающийся тем, что в процессе НЧ-контроля дополнительно проводится контроль тока, потребляемого каждым i-м ППМ от источника питания I_{пот id} (где d номер состояния усилителя предающего канала i-го ППМ,

) и в случае, если величина I_потis оказывается выше своего допустимого значения I_{потid доп верх}, то от i-го ППМ отключается напряжение питания и он исключается из дальнейшей процедуры контроля, а в случае если величина I_потid оказывается ниже своего допустимого значения I_{потid доп нижн}, проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го ППМ, а в процессе СВЧ-контроля излучателей и связанных с ними ППМ при работе АФАР на прием дополнительно проводится оценка состояния многоступенчатого управляемого аттенюатора каждого i-го ППМ, заключающаяся в установке максимального значения вносимого им затухания, периодическом отключении выхода i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора, связанного с приемопередатчиком РЛС, вызывая тем самым амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, принимаемого АФАР от измерительного зонда, выделении ее огибающей, определении отношения максимального значения уровня СВЧ-сигнала на выходе i-го ППМ АФАР к минимальному A_iат0/A_iат1 (где 1 и 0 соответствуют подключению и отключению i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора) и сравнении их с эталонными значениями А_{эт атi}, проводится оценка характеристик входящего в состав приемного канала каждого i-го ППМ АФАР малошумящего усилителя, заключающаяся в установке минимального значения вносимого многоступенчатым управляемым аттенюатором i-го ППМ затухания, периодическом отключении i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора, связанного с приемопередатчиком РЛС, вызывая тем самым амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, принимаемого АФАР от измерительного зонда, выделении ее огибающей, определении отношения максимального значения уровня СВЧ-сигнала на выходе АФАР к минимальному A_iпр1/А_iпр0 (где 1 и 0 соответствуют подключению и отключению i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора) и сравнении его с эталонными значениями А_{эт прi}, а при работе АФАР на передачу проводится оценка состояния многокаскадного управляемого усилителя мощности передающего канала каждого i-го ППМ, заключающаяся в установке максимального значения его усиления, периодическом отключение i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора, связанного с приемопередатчиком РЛС, вызывая тем самым амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, излучаемого АФАР, выделении ее огибающей, определении отношения максимального значения тока возбуждения i-го излучателя АФАР к минимальному A_iус1/A_iус0 (где 1 и 0 соответствуют подключению и отключению i-го ППМ от делителя-сумматора) и сравнении их с эталонными значениями А_{эт усi}, если в результате СВЧ-контроля A_iат1/A_iат0 оказываются ниже своих эталонных значений от А_{эт усi} и А_{эт ат i}, проводится оценка характеристик многоступенчатого управляемого аттенюатора каждого i-го ППМ, заключающаяся в переключении его состояний из одного в другое и обратно, вызывая тем самым амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, принимаемого АФАР от измерительного зонда, выделении ее огибающей, определении по ней отношений максимальных значения уровня СВЧ-сигнала на выходе АФАР к минимальным A_0ik (где k - номер сочетания состояний аттенюатора i-го ППМ, создающих амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, принимаемого АФАР,

, где K - число ступеней аттенюатора) и сравнении их с эталонными значениями А_этik, если в результате СВЧ-контроля отношения A_iус1/A_iус0 оказываются ниже своих эталонных значений A_{эт усi} и А_{эт ат,} проводится оценка характеристик многокаскадного управляемого усилителя мощности передающего канала каждого i-го ППМ, заключающаяся в переключении его состояний из одного в другое и обратно, вызывая тем самым амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, излучаемого АФАР, выделении его огибающей, определении по ней отношений максимальных значений амплитуды тока возбуждения i-го излучателя АФАР к минимальным A_0is (где s - номер сочетания состояний усилителя i-го ППМ, создающих амплитудную модуляцию результирующего вектора поля, излучаемого АФАР,

, где S - число состояний усилителя) и сравнение их с эталонными значениями А_этis, выявленные отличия А_iат0/А_iат1 от А_{iат эт}, А_iус1/А_iус0 от А_{iус эт}, А_iпр1/А_iпр0 от А_{iпр эт}, A_0ik от A_этik, A_0is от A_этis, а также данные об отключении i-х ППМ по результатам НЧ-контроля учитываются в процессе моделирования диаграммы направленности АФАР.The aim of the invention is to expand the scope and increase the reliability of control. This goal is achieved by the fact that to determine the characteristics of the AFAR radiation pattern, LF control is simultaneously carried out, which consists in analyzing the responses of its PPM phase shifters to AFAR beam control commands, and microwave control, carried out without removing the radar from its normal mode, at time intervals the limits of the gated range sections, which consists in determining the ratio of the maximum values of the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter (when it is being received) to the minimum A _0i , as well as the phase shift the excitation current _{f i} relative to the specified values of A _eti and F _eti (where

, and N is the number of elements of the AFAR) in each of the L = 2 ^P states of the phase shifter (p is the number of bits of the phase shifter), while the opening of the AFAR is divided into J squares with a side equal to

inscribed in a circle with a radius of 4λ

and which are the centers of the circumscribed circles, it is carried out in random order, and if, as a result of the microwave control of these emitters, the parameters A _0i are lower than their reference values A _eti , then a sequential microwave control and storing of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents, as well as the coordinates m , n (where m is the row number, n is the column number) of emitters located in the jth circle of radius 4λ, and when determining the coordinates of the emitter m ', n', characterized by the smallest difference in parameters A _eti and A _0i, a sequential microwave the control amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents of emitters located in a circle of radius 4λ and center at a point with coordinates m ', n', and if a malfunction of the i-th phase shifter AFAR is detected, the microwave control of the malfunctioning i-th MRP is carried out according to the results of low-frequency control, characterized in that in the process of low-frequency control an additional monitoring of the current consumed by each i-th PPM from the power source I _{sweat id} (where d is the status number of the amplifier of the transmitting channel of the i-th PPM,

) and if the value of I _potis is higher than its permissible value of I _{potid is additional top} , then the supply voltage is disconnected from the i-th MRP and it is excluded from the further control procedure, and if the value of I _{potid falls} below its permissible value of I _{potid additional lower} , the microwave control of the faulty i-th MRF is carried out, and in the process of microwave control of the emitters and the associated MRF during AFAR operation, an additional assessment of the state of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th MRF is carried out, which consists in setting f the maximum value of the attenuation introduced by it, periodically disconnecting the output of the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave the output signal i-th MRP AFAR minimum _iat0 a / a _iat1 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing them with the reference values a _{et ati,} carried sc the characteristics of the low-noise amplifier included in the receiving channel of each i-th APM AFAR, consisting in setting the minimum value of the attenuation of the i-th attenuator of the i-th attenuation PPM, periodically disconnecting the i-th PPM from the divider-adder associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the output of the AFAR to the minimum flax A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing it with the reference values A _{et pri,} and at the AFAR the transmission assesses the state of a multistage managed power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th PPM, which consists in setting the maximum value of its gain, periodically disconnecting the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR SRI its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum excitation current value of i-th emitter AFAR minimum A _ius1 / A _ius0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing them with the reference values A _{et usi,} if as a result of the microwave control A _iat1 / A _{iat0 fall} below their reference values from A _{et usi} and A _{et at i} , the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th MRP are evaluated, which consists in switching its states from one to another and vice versa, causing those m the amplitude modulation of the resulting vector of the field received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, selecting its envelope, determining from it the ratio of the maximum values of the microwave signal level at the output of the AFAR to the minimum A _0ik (where k is the number of the combination of attenuator states of the i-th PPM creating amplitude modulation the resulting field vector taken by the AFAR,

, where K is the number of stages of the attenuator) and comparing them with the reference values A _etik , if as a result of the microwave control the ratios A _ius1 / A _ius0 are lower than their reference values A _{et usi} and A _{et at, the} characteristics of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier transmitting the channel of each i-th MRP, which consists in switching its states from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, determining the ratios of maximum values from it cheny excitation current amplitude i-th transmitter to the minimum AFAR A _0is (where s - number of combinations of states i-th amplifier AMP, creating amplitude modulation of the resultant field vector radiated AFAR,

, where S is the number of amplifier states) and comparing them with the reference values of A _etis , revealed differences between A _iat0 / A _iat1 from A _{iat et} , A _ius1 / A _ius0 from A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{ipr et} , A _0ik from A _etik , A _0is from A _etis , as well as data on the disconnection of the i-th APM according to the results of the low-frequency control are taken into account in the process of modeling the radiation pattern of the AFAR.

Thus, the present invention has the following distinctive features in comparison with the prototype:

) и в случае, если величина I_потid оказывается выше своего допустимого значения I_{потid доп верх}, то от i-го ППМ отключается напряжение питания и он исключается из дальнейшей процедуры контроля, а в случае если величина I_потid оказывается ниже своего допустимого значения I_{потid доп нижн}, проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го ППМ. Данные об отключении i-x ППМ по результатам НЧ-контроля учитываются в процессе моделирования диаграммы направленности АФАР;LF control includes procedures for monitoring the currents consumed by each i-th PPM from the power source I _{sweat is} (where s is the status number of the amplifier of the transmitting channel of the i-th PPM,

) and if the I _{potid value} is higher than its permissible I _potid value, then the supply voltage is disconnected from the i-th MRP and it is excluded from the further control procedure, and if the I _{potid value} is lower than its acceptable I _{potid value additional lower} , microwave control of the faulty i-th PPM is carried out. Data on disabling ix anti-missile defense by the results of low-frequency control are taken into account in the process of modeling the radiation pattern of the AFAR;

Microwave control includes procedures that allow:

during operation of the AFAR on reception: to evaluate the characteristics of the low-noise amplifier included in the receiving channel of each i-th APM AFAR, setting the minimum value of the attenuation introduced by the multistage controlled attenuator of the i-th PPM attenuator, periodically disconnecting the output of the i-th APM from the adder divider associated with radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum level I microwave signal at the output of i-th MRP AFAR minimum (relative amplitude increment) A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connect and disconnect the output i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing them with the reference values A _{et pri} ; to assess the state of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th PPM (good or faulty), setting the maximum value of the attenuation introduced by it, periodically disconnecting the output of the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the output of the i-th APM AFAR to the minimum (relative amplitudes) A _iat0 / A _iat0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connecting and disconnecting the i-th MRP from the divider-adder) and comparing them with the reference values of A _{et ati} ; to evaluate the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th PPM, switching its states from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, while determining the relative amplitude increments A _0ik ( where k is the number of the combination of attenuator states of the i-th PPM, creating amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR) and comparing them with the reference values of A _etik ;

during operation of the AFAR for transmission: to evaluate the state of a multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th PPM, setting the maximum value of signal amplification by it, periodically disconnecting the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting the vector of the field emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum value of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter to the minimum (relative amplitudes increments dy) A _ius1 / A _ius0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing them with the reference values A _{et usi;} to evaluate the characteristics of a multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th APM, switching its states from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum values of the excitation current amplitude the ith AFAR emitter to the minimum (relative amplitude increments) A _0is (where s is the number of the combination of states of the amplifier of the ith APM creating amplitude modulation resulting in its field vector emitted by AFAR) and comparing them with the reference values of A _etis ;

the differences A _ius1 / A _ius0 from A _{et usi} , as well as A _iat1 / A _iat0 from A _{et ati} , identified during microwave control of the PMD and associated AFAR emitters, are used to go on to evaluate the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i -th MRP and the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th MRP, and then, together with the differences A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{et pri} , A _0is from A _etis , as well as A _0ik from A _etik , together with the differences A _0i from A _eti and F _i of F _eti (according to the method-prototype) recorded in model Hovhan AFAR directivity diagrams may be used to form the corrective amplitude-phase distribution in the aperture AFAR influences.

Performing these operations allows you to implement the proposed method in the radar, providing tracking of fast flying objects under the influence of destructive and disturbing destabilizing factors, requiring operational monitoring of the AFAR radiation pattern without removing the radar from its normal mode.

The figure 1 shows a variant of the technical implementation of the proposed method.

Depicted in figure 1, the device that implements this method contains: 1 - measuring probe; 2 - emitter; 3 - MRP; 4 - control unit amplitude-phase distribution; 5 - digital computing device (CVD); 6 - block integrated monitoring of the status of transceiver modules AFAR; 7 - AFAR; 8 - meter of amplitudes and phases; 9 - transceiver; 10 - switch "Receive-transfer"; 11 - divider-adder; 12 - microwave switch, 13 - PPM power supply circuit switch, 14 - PPM power supply.

Figure 2 as an example shows a structural diagram of the PPM (a similar diagram is given in the article by AM Golika et al. Transceiver modules of active headlights // Foreign Radio Electronics. - 1993. - No. 5. - P.12-19 and in the electronic journal Microwaves 101.corn: article “Transmit / receive modules”. November 11, 2010). The considered version of the PPM design contains: 15 - a “transmit-receive” switch; 16 - multi-stage power amplifier; 17 - low-noise amplifier with a protective device; 18 - discrete-controlled phase shifter; 19 - multistage controlled attenuator.

Monitoring the characteristics of the radiation pattern AFAR according to the proposed method is as follows.

During the operation of AFAR, two branches of monitoring the functioning of its control channels are simultaneously implemented.

). Причем, если в результате реализации процедур, предусмотренных ветвью НЧ-контроля, будут выявлены вышедшие из строя (обрыв либо короткое замыкание) переключающие элементы фазовращателей (НЧ-контроль в соответствии со способом-прототипом), то проводится СВЧ-контроль неисправного i-го ППМ.The first (LF control) is based on a sequential analysis of the states of the switching elements of the phase shifters of all APM AFARs after they are set to the state corresponding to the given position of the AFAR beam, as well as the monitoring of the current consumption PPM I _potid (where d is the status number of the amplifier of the transmitting channel of the ith APM ,

) Moreover, if as a result of the implementation of the procedures provided for by the LF control branch, switching elements of the phase shifters (LF control in accordance with the prototype method) that are out of order (open or short circuit) are detected, then the microwave control of the faulty i-th PPM .

If the controlled value of I _potid is higher than its permissible value of I _{potid extra} , then the supply voltage is disconnected from the i-th MRP and it is excluded from the further control procedure, and if the value of I _potid is lower than its acceptable value I _{potid additional lower} , microwave control of the faulty i-th PPM is carried out.

Implementation of state monitoring of switching elements of phase shifters can be carried out in accordance with 1781641 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), and.with. 321232 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), and.with. 275531 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), US Pat. 4005361 (USA, MKI G01R 31/02), US Pat. 2542435 (Germany, MKI H01Q 3/26, G01R 3/28).

The control of current consumption PPM can be implemented through the use of industrially produced current sensors, which are “current-voltage” converters (a list of possible sensors for use is given in A. Danilov's article “Modern Industrial Current Sensors” // Modern Electronics. - M .: STA-PRESS, - October 2004 - S.26-35), placed as part of block 6 of the state control PPM. The digitized signal from the output of the I _Potid sensor is compared in block 6 with I _{Potid add} and a command is generated to turn off the power from the i-th APM, which is sent to the switch 13. The results of the assessment of the state of the APM from block 6 are sent to the CVD, which simulates the antenna pattern and determination of its characteristics.

, вписанных в окружности радиусом 4λ. СВЧ-контроль излучателей и соединенных с ними ППМ, имеющих номера

и являющихся центрами описанных окружностей, проводится в случайном порядке (без вывода РЛС из штатного режима, в интервалы времени, находящиеся за пределами стробируемых участков дальности) и заключается в:During the microwave control procedure of the emitters and the associated PMF (second control branch), carried out simultaneously with the low-frequency control, revealing the AFAR (in accordance with the prototype method) is divided into J squares with a side equal to

inscribed in a circle of radius 4λ. Microwave control of emitters and associated MRF with numbers

and which are the centers of the circumscribed circles, it is carried out in a random order (without outputting the radar from its normal mode, at time intervals outside the gated range sections) and consists in:

, a N число элементов ФАР) в каждом из L=2^P состояний фазовращателя (р - число разрядов фазовращателя);determining (in accordance with the prototype method) the ratio of the maximum values of the excitation current amplitude of the i-th AFAR emitter (when it is being received) to the minimum A _0i , as well as the phase shift of the excitation current Ф _i relative to the set values of A _eti and Ф _eti (where

, a N is the number of PAR elements) in each of L = 2 ^P states of the phase shifter (p is the number of bits of the phase shifter);

assessing the state (“good” - “faulty”) of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th APM during operation of the AFAR for reception, setting the maximum value of the attenuation introduced by it, periodically disconnecting the output of the ith antimonitor from the divider-adder associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the output of the i-th APM AFAR to the minimum ohm (relative amplitude increments) A _iat1 / A _iat0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connecting and disconnecting the i-th MRP from the divider-adder) and comparing them with the reference values of A _{et ati} ;

assessing the characteristics of the low-noise amplifier included in the receiving channel of each i-th PMP during AFAR operation by receiving, setting the minimum value of the i-th PPM attenuation introduced by the multistage controlled attenuator, periodically disconnecting the i-th MRP from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, causing thereby, the amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the output of the AFAR to m the _minimum A _iпр1 / A _ino0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connecting and disconnecting the i-th MRP from the divider-adder) and comparing it with the reference values of A _{et pri} ;

assessing the state of a multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th APM (during AFAR transmission), setting the maximum signal gain, periodically disconnecting the i-th APM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting of the field vector emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, while determining the ratio of the maximum value of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter to the minimum (relative amplitude increments) A _ius0 / A _ius0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connecting and disconnecting the i-th MRP from the divider-adder) and comparing them with the reference values of A _{et usi} .

(в соответствии со способом-прототипом), параметры A_0i оказываются ниже своих эталонных значений А_этi, то проводится последовательный СВЧ-контроль и запоминание амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения, а также координат m, n (где m - номер строки, n - номер столбца) излучателей, находящихся в j-ом круге радиуса 4λ, а при определении координат излучателя m', n', характеризующегося наименьшей разностью параметров А_этi и A_0i, проводится последовательный СВЧ-контроль амплитуд и фаз токов возбуждения излучателей, находящихся в круге радиусом 4λ и центром в точке с координатами m', n'.Moreover, if as a result of microwave control of emitters having numbers

(in accordance with the prototype method), the parameters A _0i are lower than their reference values A _eti , then a sequential microwave control and storing of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents, as well as the coordinates m, n (where m is the line number, n is the number column) of emitters located in the jth circle of radius 4λ, and when determining the coordinates of the emitter m ', n', characterized by the smallest difference in parameters A _eti and A _0i , a sequential microwave control of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents of emitters in a circle of radius 4λ and the center at e with m ', n' coordinates.

The composition of the implemented procedures for microwave control in this case corresponds to the invention.

, где K - число ступеней аттенюатора) и сравнении их с эталонными значениями A_этik.If, as a result of the microwave control of the state of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of the i-th _{SMP, the} ratio A _iat1 / A _iat0 turns out to be lower than its reference value A _{et at i} , its characteristics are evaluated, which consists in switching the states of the multi-stage controlled attenuator from one to another and vice versa, causing thereby the amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, determining from it the ratios of the maximum values of the level of the microwave signal at the output of the AFAR to minimum A _0ik (where k is the number of combinations of attenuator states of the i-th MRP, which create amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR,

, where K is the number of attenuator steps) and comparing them with the reference values A _etik .

, где S - число состояний усилителя) и сравнение их с эталонными значениями A_этis.If, as a result of microwave monitoring of the state of a multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of the i-th PPM, the ratios A _ius0 / A _ius0 are lower than their reference values A _{et usi,} their characteristics are evaluated, which consists in switching the states of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, determining from it the ratios of the maximum values of the amplitude of the excitation current of the ith of the AFAR emitter to the minimum A _0is (where s is the number of the combination of states of the amplifier of the i-th APM creating amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR,

, where S is the number of amplifier states) and comparing them with the reference values of A _etis .

The differences A _iat0 / A _iat1 from A _{iat et} , A _ius1 / A _ius0 from A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{ipr et} , A _0ik from A _etik revealed during the microwave control of the MRF and associated AFAR emitters , A _0is from A _{et is} , together with the differences between A _0i from A _eti and Ф _i from Ф _eti (in accordance with the prototype method), as well as data on the disconnection of the i-th APM according to the results of low-frequency control are taken into account in the process of modeling the radiation pattern AFAR and can be used to form corrective amplitude-phase distribution in the aperture of AFAR effects.

Consider the process of controlling the characteristics of multistage controlled attenuators. For example, a three-stage controlled attenuator, which is two attenuators connected in series, has four states of 0, 20, 40, and 60 dB. To evaluate the characteristics of the attenuator, two combinations of states are sufficient:

k = 1 - combination of states 0 and 20 dB;

k = 2 is a combination of 0 and 40 dB states, or 20 and 40 dB.

Using these combinations will allow us to estimate the relative magnitude of the attenuation increment introduced by each of the attenuator steps.

The combination of 0 and 60 dB states is evaluated when attenuator status is monitored. Thus, as a result of the implementation of procedures for assessing the state and monitoring characteristics in the memory of the CVC, the data on the state of the attenuator will be updated, which can be used to clarify the direction-finding characteristics of the radar and implement the adaptive method of measuring angular coordinates in accordance with US Pat. 2331902 (Russia, IPC G01S 13/44, 13/68).

Monitoring the characteristics of the amplifier is carried out in a similar way. Digital gain control can be implemented, for example, in accordance with US Pat. 4638190 (USA. MKI C01P 25/04).

The task of extracting the envelope of the amplitude-modulated microwave signal (in the process of changing the state of the microwave switch, power amplifier 16, multi-stage attenuator 19 in accordance with the proposed method), as well as determining the signal level ratios A _iat0 / A _iat1 , A _ius1 / A _ius0 , A _iпр1 / A _iпр0 , A _{0ik k} , A _0is , and the values of Ф _{i are} realized by a meter of 8 amplitudes and phases in accordance with _{US Pat} . 3378846 (USA, NKI 343-100).

Identification during the microwave control of the MRP and the associated AFAR emitters of the differences A _iat0 / A _iat1 from A _{iat et} , A _ius0 / A _ius1 from A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{ipr et} , A _0ik from A _etik , A _0is from A _etis , as well as A _0i from A _eti and Ф _i from Ф _{eti, are} implemented by _CVU 5.

The above operations are carried out without removing the radar from its normal mode at time intervals outside the gated range sections in accordance with the data given in the book by G. Khizha et al. “Microwave phase shifters and switches: Features of creating pin-diodes in integral performance ". - M .: Radio and communications, 1984. - 184 pp., The switching time of the semiconductor phase shifter is a few nanoseconds, and ferrite - a few microseconds. Therefore, to allocate a plot of several hundred meters (1 microsecond - 150 meters) for microwave monitoring of the state of the emitter is not difficult. With the inertia of the available means of recording amplitude measurements, one can take one of L (L is the number of phase shifter states) measurements for the period of probing pulses.

During the monitoring, the AFAR is out of phase (all its phase shifters are set to Δφ = 0). Information on the reference values of the amplitudes of the excitation currents of the i-th _APAR emitters A _eti for various combinations of failures of the switching elements of the phase shifters associated with them i-th APM, together with the reference values A _{iat et} , A _{ius et} , A _{ipr et} , A _etik , A _etis , as well as Ф _eti is stored in the memory of the computing device 5, which calculates the characteristics of the radiation pattern.

If A _0i <A _eti, i.e. the fact of mechanical damage to the AFAR emitter is established, then using the prototype method, the change in the complex excitation amplitude of the failed PPM and the effect of this change on the characteristics of adjacent control channels that are away from the failed one by a distance of 4λ are estimated in accordance with a.s. 1062621 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), an assessment is made of the influence of failed emitters, in which the phase shifters of all emitters located in a circle with a radius of 2-4 wavelengths from the controlled one are rephased and the parameters A _{0i are} determined in each state by microwave control and F _i , compared with their reference values A _eti and F _eti , differences between the values of A _0i and A _eti , F _i and F _eti .

These data (as well as the results of the analysis of the phase shifter reactions to the beam control commands) and the characteristics of low-noise amplifiers 17, the status of power amplifiers 16 and attenuators 19 are sent to a computing device, where they are taken into account in the AFAR model when determining the characteristics of its radiation pattern.

If, as a result of assessing the state of a multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the 16th PPM, it is found that the ratios A _ius1 / A _ius0 are below their reference values A _{et usi,} in accordance with the proposed method, their characteristics are evaluated, during which the ratios are determined the maximum values of the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter to the minimum A _0is and comparing them with the reference values of A _etis . The comparison results are taken into account when determining the radiation pattern.

If, as a result of assessing the state of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of the i-th PPM, the ratio A _iat1 / A _iat0 turns out to be lower than its reference value A _{et at i} , in accordance with the proposed method, its characteristics are evaluated, during which the ratios of the maximum values of the microwave signal levels are determined by the output of the AFAR to the minimum A _0ik and comparing them with the reference values of A _etik .

The radiation pattern in this case is determined in accordance with the well-known expression for the PAR factor (see "Antennas and microwave devices. Designing phased antenna arrays" under the editorship of D.I. Voskresensky. - M .: Radio and communications, 1994. - 592 p. ) on reception and transmission

,

,

where A _0i is the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter (for transmission), or the signal level from the output of the i-th APM (for reception); Ф _i - phase of the excitation current of the mn-th AFAR emitter (for the selected radiation direction).

Thus, using the prototype method, as described above, in the process of low-frequency control, only the state of the switching elements of the phase shifters 18 is realized, and in the process of microwave control, the change in the complex excitation amplitude ix of the AFAR emitters is evaluated, as well as the effect of this change on the characteristics of neighboring control channels separated from the failed one by a distance of 4λ. In accordance with US Pat. 2169376 (Russia, IPC G01R 29/10) assesses the effect of failed emitters, in which the phase shifters of all emitters located in a circle of radius 4λ from the monitored one are rephased and the parameters A _0i and ΔФ _{i are} determined by microwave control, compared with their reference values A _eti and F _eti , the differences between the values of A _0i and A _eti , F _i and F _eti . These data are sent to a computing device, where they are also taken into account in the AFAR model when determining the characteristics of its radiation pattern.

The implementation of the proposed method allows you to use it to control the characteristics of the AFAR, thereby expanding the scope of the prototype method, and to increase the reliability of the control of the characteristics of the AFAR by taking into account the state of the anti-missile system elements, which can be implemented during the operation of the radar.

The technical implementation of the proposed method can be illustrated by the example of a device for the integrated monitoring of the characteristics of the AFAR shown in figure 1.

In the example under consideration, the AFAR 7 with feeder excitation consists of emitters 2, the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents of which are set using the SEC 3. An example of the SPS design is shown in figure 2. The control unit 4 of the amplitude-phase distribution is a computing device that implements the calculation of the required phases and the amplitudes of the excitation currents of the emitters 2 AFAR 7 in accordance with the code of the required angular position of the beam AFAR, if faults are detected, the control unit 4 outside the gated range sections tvlyaet sequential change all L channel states controlled phase shifter, the phase shifters of all other channels are set to zero state. When detecting mechanical damage to the emitters (A _0i <A _eti), the control unit 4, in accordance with the commands received from the CVU 5 (in accordance with the prototype device), carries out the rephasing of the phase shifters of all emitters in a circle with a radius of 2-4 wavelengths from the controlled emitter for evaluation the effect of a damaged radiator on the amplitude-phase distribution.

The divider-adder 11 provides the distribution of microwave energy supplied to it from the transceiver unit 9, when the radar is in the "transmission" mode, as well as the summation of the signals received by the emitters 2 AFAR 7, and their transmission to the transceiver unit 9 in the "reception" mode.

The “transmit-receive” switch 10 is designed to protect the meter 8 when a signal is transmitted from the transceiver 9 to the measuring probe 1, i.e. when monitoring the receiving channels PPM 3 AFAR 7 (control AFAR when working at the reception). The technical implementation of the switch 10 is not difficult.

The microwave switch 12 is designed to modulate the microwave signal supplied to the studied PPM, or from the studied PPM to the divider-adder. As a microwave switch can be used circuit solutions shown in the book by A.V. Weisblat "Switching devices microwave on semiconductor diodes." - M .: Radio and communications, 1987, p. 27-73, or in US Pat. 2139611 (Russia), MKP Н01Р 1/11, H01P 1/218 and in US Pat. 2020659 (Russia), manual gearbox H01P 1/15.

), потребляемого каждым i-м ППМ от источника питания 14, в случае, если величина I_потid оказывается выше своего допустимого значения I_{потid доп верх}. Значение I_{потid доп верх} оценивается предварительно (в процессе разработки АФАР) и записывается в память устройства сравнения, входящего в состав блока 6 контроля состояния ППМ.The switch of the power supply circuit 13 is designed to turn off the power supply from the PPM, according to the results of current monitoring I _{sweat id} (where d is the status number of the amplifier of the transmitting channel of the i-th PPM,

) consumed by each i-th PPM from the power supply 14, in case the value of I _potid is higher than its allowable value of I _{potid extra top} . The value of I _{potid additional top} is estimated previously (during the development of the AFAR) and is recorded in the memory of the comparison device, which is part of the control unit 6 state control PPM.

In addition, the control unit 6, after the MRP is set to the state in accordance with the commands of the amplitude-phase distribution control unit 4, monitors the states of the switching elements of the phase shifters and compares them with those calculated in block 4. If the real state of the switching elements of the phase shifter does not match the calculated one, information is provided at TsVU 5 on the nature of the failure. The function of the control unit 6 state control PPM - control of switching elements and phase shifters - can be implemented as one of the devices proposed in AS 1781641 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), and.with. 275531 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), and.with. 3212321 (USSR, MKI G01R 29/10), US Pat. 4005361 (USA, MKI G01R 31/02), US Pat. 2542435 (Germany, MKI H01Q 3/26, G01R 2/28).

Information from block 6 is fed to the CVU 5 in digital form. The meter of amplitudes and phases 8 measures the amplitude and phase of the signal received by the measuring probe 1. In digital form, information from the meter 8 is fed to the CVU 5.

Digital computing device 5 simultaneously implements functions that actually describe the operation of the first and second branches of the AFAR parameter control.

The functions performed by the digital computer for the implementation of low-frequency control:

calculating and issuing codes of the required beam position for the amplitude-phase distribution control unit 4;

reception and storage of information received from the state control unit 6 of the PPM information on the coordinates of the faulty phase shifters, the numbers of the failed control sections (switching elements) and the types of failures (open or short circuit), as well as the results of comparing the I _potid consumption currents with acceptable values and about power failure from PPM in which I _potid > I _{potid extra top} .

The functions performed by the digital computer for the implementation of microwave control:

the issuance of emitter codes to block 4 for microwave control in accordance with the information from block 6;

) излучателей на блок 4 для проведения СВЧ-контроля;j-x code generation (where

) emitters to block 4 for microwave control;

, а N - число элементов АФАР) при максимальном значении амплитуды и сравнение их с эталонными значениями А_этi и Ф_этi в соответствии с информацией, поступающей от измерителя 8;determining the ratio of the maximum value of the amplitude of the field AFAR to the minimum And _0i and the phase shift ΔF _i (where

, and N is the number of AFAR elements) at the maximum value of the amplitude and comparing them with the reference values of A _eti and F _eti in accordance with the information received from the meter 8;

, a N - число элементов АФАР) при максимальном значении амплитуды и сравнение их с эталонными значениями A_этi и Ф_этi в соответствии с информацией, поступающей от измерителя 8;determination of the ratio of the maximum value of the amplitude of the AFAR field to the minimum A _0i and the phase shift ΔΦ _i of the excitation currents jx emitters

, a N is the number of AFAR elements) at the maximum value of the amplitude and comparing them with the reference values of A _eti and F _eti in accordance with the information received from the meter 8;

determination of relations A _0i and phase shifts ΔФ _i ;

identifying the emitter with the smallest difference A _eti -A _0i and storing the coordinates m ', n';

issuing emitter codes to block 4 for conducting sequential microwave control of emitters located in the jth circle of radius 4λ in accordance with the information from block 5;

an assessment of the impact of failed emitters, in which the phase shifters of all the PMFs connected to emitters located in a circle of radius 4λ from the monitored one are rephased and in each state the parameters A _0i and ΔФ _{i are} determined by microwave control and compared with their reference values A _eti and Ф _eti ;

storing and storing the coordinates of damaged AFAR emitters with the smallest difference A _eti -A _0i and coordinates m ', n';

storing and storing the comparison results A _iat0 / A _iat1 and A _{iat et} , A _ius1 / A _ius0 and A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 and A _{ipr et} , A _0i and A _etik , A _0is and A _etis , as well as A _0i and A _eti , F _i and F _eti ;

storage of tables of reference values A _{iat et} , A _{ius et} , A _{ipr et} , A _etik , A _etis and A _eti , F _eti ;

taking into account in the process of modeling the AFAR radiation pattern the values identified in the process of monitoring the differences A _iat0 / A _iat1 from A _{iat et} , A _ius1 / A _ius0 from A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{ipr et} , A _0ik from A _etik , A _0is from A _etis , as well as A _0i from A _eti and Ф _i from Ф _eti .

Thus, the present invention allows to increase the reliability of monitoring the characteristics of the AFAR during the operation of the electronic system, which allows more efficient use of the radar under the influence of destructive and disturbing destabilizing factors, which ultimately allows you to expand the scope of the method.

Claims (1)

A method of integrated monitoring of the characteristics of an active phased antenna array (AFAR), in which to determine the characteristics of the radiation pattern of an AFAR, simultaneously a low-frequency control is carried out, which consists in analyzing the responses of the phase shifters of its transceiver modules (PPM) to the AFAR beam control commands, and the microwave control is carried out without the output of the radar station from normal mode, at time intervals outside the gated range sections, which consists in determining the ratio of maximum the amplitude of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter (when it is being received) to the minimum - A _0i , as well as the phase shift of the excitation current - Ф _i relative to the specified values of A _eti and Ф _eti (where i = 1 ... N, and N is the number elements of the PAR) in each of the L = 2 ^P states of the phase shifter (p is the number of bits of the phase shifter), while the opening of the AFAR is divided into J squares with a side equal to

inscribed in a circle with a radius of 4λ

and which are the centers of the circumscribed circles is carried out in random order, and if, as a result of the microwave control of these emitters, the parameters A _0i are lower than their reference values A _eti , then a sequential microwave control and storing of the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents, as well as the coordinates m, n (where m is the row number, n is the column number) of emitters located in the jth circle of radius 4λ, and when determining the coordinates of the emitter, characterized by the smallest difference in parameters A _eti and A _0i - m ' , n ' , a sequential microwave control l the amplitudes and phases of the excitation currents of the emitters located in a circle of radius 4λ and the center at the point with coordinates m ' , n ' , and if a malfunction of the i-th phase shifter AFAR is detected, the microwave control of the malfunctioning i-th PPM is carried out , characterized in that in the process of low-frequency control an additional monitoring of the current consumed by each i-th PPM from the power supply I _potid (where - d is the status number of the amplifier of the transmitting channel of the i-th PPM,

) and if the value of I _potid is higher than its permissible value of I _{potid extra} , then the supply voltage is disconnected from the i-th MRP and it is excluded from the further control procedure, and if the value of I _potid is lower than its permissible value I _{potid additional the lower,} control is carried microwave faulty i-th APM during microwave emitters and control associated with the MRP AFAR to receiving further assesses the state of a multistage controlled attenuator of each i-th MRP is to install the maximum value of the attenuation introduced by it, periodically disconnecting the output of the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the i-th output of MRP AFAR minimum _iat0 a / a _iat1 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing them with the reference values a _{et ati,} carried otse the characteristics of the low-noise amplifier included in the receiving channel of each i-th APM AFAR, consisting in setting the minimum value of the attenuation of the i-th attenuator of the i-th attenuation PPM, periodically disconnecting the i-th APM from the divider-adder associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, highlighting its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum value of the microwave signal level at the output of the AFAR to the minimum nomu A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to the connection and disconnection i-th MRP from the divider-combiner) and comparing it with the reference values A _{et pri,} and at the AFAR the transmission assesses the state of a multistage managed power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each of the i-th PPM, which consists in setting the maximum value of its gain, periodically disconnecting the i-th PPM from the adder divider associated with the radar transceiver, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR its envelope, determining the ratio of the maximum value of the excitation current of the i-th AFAR emitter to the minimum A _ius1 / A _ius0 (where 1 and 0 correspond to connecting and disconnecting the i-th APM from the adder divider) and comparing them with the reference values of A _{et usi} , if as a result of the microwave control A _iat1 / A _{iat0 fall} below their reference values A _{et at i} , the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled attenuator of each i-th MRP are evaluated, which consists in switching its states from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing the amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector received by the AFAR from the measuring probe, selecting its envelope, determining from it the ratio of the maximum microwave signal level at the output of the AFAR to the minimum A _0ik (where k is the number of the combination of attenuator states of the i-th PPM, creating amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector accepted by AFAR,

, where K is the number of attenuator steps) and comparing them with the reference values A _etik if, as a result of the microwave control, the ratios A _ius1 / A _ius0 are lower than their reference values A _{et at} , the characteristics of the multi-stage controlled power amplifier of the transmitting channel of each i-th are evaluated PPM, which consists in switching its states from one to another and vice versa, thereby causing amplitude modulation of the resulting field vector emitted by the AFAR, highlighting its envelope, determining from it the relations of maximum values a plitudy excitation current i-th transmitter to the minimum AFAR A _0is (where s - number of combinations of states i-th amplifier AMP, creating amplitude modulation of the resultant field vector radiated AFAR,

, where S is the number of amplifier states) and comparing them with the reference values of A _etis , revealed differences between A _iat0 / A _iat1 from A _{iat et} , A _ius1 / A _ius0 from A _{ius et} , A _ipr1 / A _ipr0 from A _{ipr et} , A _0ik from A _etik , A _0is from A _etis , as well as data on the disconnection ix of the _{anti-missile system} according to the results of low-frequency control are taken into account in the process of modeling the radiation pattern of the AFAR.

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