RU2510436C1 - Fire-resistant multilayer material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: polyester fabric with thickness of 0.13-0.3 mm and surface density of 80-300 g/m² is first saturated with silicone emulsion to post-drying weight increase of 3.0-8.5 wt %, and then with aqueous solution of a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea with ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus of 1.0:1.56-1.80 to post-drying weight increase of 12.0-21.5 wt %. The modified fabric is coated with a double-sided coating based on a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composition which contains antipyrenes with the ratio of layers of the saturated fabric to the double-sided PVC coating of 1.0:1.14-2.28, with ratio of layers of the finished material by weight - saturated fabric: front coating: back coating of 1.0:0.595-1.7:0,27-0.886, respectively, and with ratio of layers by thickness of 1.0:0.39-2.1:0.3-1.17, respectively.

EFFECT: producing fire-resistant materials, having a given set of physical and mechanical properties according to functional purposes.

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Description

The present invention relates to the plastics industry and relates to the development of a fire-resistant multilayer material such as artificial leather, used for various purposes, for example, as upholstery and awning materials, etc.

Known tent material described in RF patent No. 2148116, including polyester (PE) tent fabric with double-sided polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coating with a thickness of 0.15 mm. PVC compositions include flame retardant additives in addition to known flame retardants:

KA-1 (wt.%):

2,2 ¹ -bis (3,5dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane  63-67 Antimony trioxide  24-26 Epoxy Oligomer  9-11

or KA-2 (wt.%):

Decabromodiphenyl oxide  40-44 Antimony trioxide  12-14 Aluminum hydroxide  26-28 Epoxy Oligomer  17-19.

Awning materials obtained by this technical solution have a flammability (according to GOST 25076-81) - 0 mm / s and with a surface density of not more than 900 g / m ^{2 a} low level of physical and mechanical properties.

The closest technical solution is the solution described in RF patent No. 2226577, according to which the multilayer material includes a textile base impregnated with an aqueous solution of a flame retardant based on ammonium phosphate salts with a P ₂ O ₅ content of at least 40% and with a base content of 15-30 % by weight of the base, and two-sided polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coating is applied from the composition composition (wt.h):

PVC emulsion 100.0 Dioctylphthalate (DOF) 30.0-60.0 Trichloroethyl Phosphate (TCEP) 5.0-30.0 Chloroparaffin (HP) 470 5.0-30.0 Barium-Cadmium-Zinc Salt synthetic fatty acids or calcium stearate 1.0-1.5 Epoxidized Vegetable Oil 0.5 soybean Aluminum hydroxide, or magnesium hydroxide or antimony trioxide 5.0-25.0 Separated chalk 5.0-20.0 Pigments 3.0-5.0

when the ratio of the layers of the material by weight textile basis: impregnation layer: polymer coating, respectively 1.0: 0.15-0.30: 1.5-3.0. The material has a combustibility of 2-5 s and water permeability after 75-80 hours (GOST 22944-78, method 2).

However, the proposed design of the material does not allow saving raw materials in the case of obtaining the material at specified parameters of the surface density of the starting polyester fabric and the final multilayer material with a fixed thickness of the latter. In addition, this design does not provide the necessary complex of physical and mechanical properties.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to optimize the design of the multilayer material, which allows to reduce the consumption of feedstock while increasing the complex of physical and mechanical properties of the multilayer material and maintaining the level of fire resistance.

The technical problem is solved in that the fire-resistant multilayer material comprising a polyester (PE) fabric impregnated with a flame retardant solution, and a two-sided coating based on a PVC composition containing a flame retardant, contains a PE fabric sequentially first impregnated with an aqueous silicone emulsion before weighting after drying 3, 0-8.5 wt.% And an aqueous solution of a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea with a ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus of 1.0: 1.56-1.8, respectively, before weight gain after drying, 12.0-21.5 wt.%, And bilateral PVC coating is made from the composition composition (m s.ch):

Emulsion polyvinyl chloride 100.0 Dioctyl phthalate 40.0-60.0 Trichloroethyl phosphate 10.0-20.0 Dioctylsebacinate 15.0-25.0 Chloroparaffin 470 5.0-15.0 Calcium stearate 1.0-2.0 Pigment 2.5-5.0 Aluminum hydroxide 15.0-250

and the impregnated fabric in the ratio by weight: PVC coating is applied, respectively, 1.0: 1.14-2.28, with the ratio of the layers of the material by weight impregnated fabric: front coating: wrong coating 1.0: 0.595-1.7: 0, 27-0.886 and with a ratio of layers by thickness, respectively, 1.0: 0.39-2.1: 0.3-1.17.

According to the technical solution used:

Silicone emulsion - fabric softener TU 2484-148-05800142-2003 A mixture of polyphosphoric acids of the general formula (H) _{p + 2} P _p O _{3p + 1} , where p> 3, with a density of 2.06 GOST 10678-76 Urea (urea grade A) GOST 2081-2010 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) GOST 14039-78 Dioctylphthalate (DOF) GOST 8728-88 Dioctylsebacinate (DOS) GOST 8728-88 Trichloroethyl Phosphate (TCEP) TU 6-02-1042-76 Chloroparaffin (HP-470) TU 6-01-568-79 Calcium stearate TU 6-14-722-76 Aluminum hydroxide TU 17111-046-00196368-95 Yellow crown GOST 478-80 Pigment red iron oxide TU 6-10-602-86 Phthalocyanine green pigment TU 74-24-150-86 Polyester Fabrics GOST 27504-87

The invention is illustrated by examples.

Example 1

A polyester fabric with a surface density of 80 g / m ² and a thickness of 0.13 mm is impregnated with an aqueous silicone emulsion, dried at a temperature of 120 ° C for 4 minutes to a weight gain of 3.0 and 8.5 wt.% Without changing the initial thickness to obtain materials with a surface density of 82.4 and 86.8 g / m ² , respectively, the materials obtained are again impregnated with an aqueous solution of a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea with a ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus of 1.0: 1.56 and 1.0: 1.80, respectively, dried at 120 ° C for 4 minutes to a gain of 12.0 and 21.5 wt.% to obtain materials with surface minutes and a density of 92.3 to 105.0 g / m ^2, respectively, and a thickness of 0 13 mm. The resulting materials on a vinyl-vinyl coating unit at a temperature of 100-130 ° C are coated with a double-sided PVC composition composition, parts by weight (the doctor’s mark for coating is set at a rate of 50 g / m ² ≈0.05 mm):

The surface density of materials, g / m ² min max 92.3 105.0 PVC emulsion 100.0 100.0 DOF 40,0 60.0 TCEF 10.0 20,0 Dos 15.0 25.0 HP-470 5,0 15.0 Calcium stearate 1,0 2.0 Aluminum hydroxide 15.0 25.0 Pigments: crown yellow 2,5 - Green phthalocyanine - 5,0

and after gelation at a temperature of 200 ° C receive finished materials in which

- the ratio of the impregnated fabric: PVC coating 1.14 2.28 - the ratio of the layers of material by weight impregnated fabric (Prtk): front coating (Lp): wrong coating (Ip) Respectively 1.0: 0.595: 0.54, 1.0: 1.43: 0.847 the ratio of layers by thickness, respectively 1.0: 0.39: 0.38, 1.0: 1.15: 0.69.

The properties of the finished materials are presented in table 6. Table 1 shows the impregnating compositions and PVC compositions of the examples. Table 2 shows the design characteristics of the proposed materials.

Examples 2-5

Analogously to example 1 receive fire-resistant multilayer materials in the minimum and maximum ranges of impregnating compositions and PVC compositions for fabrics with a surface density of 140, 200, 250 and 300 g / m ² , the compositions of which are shown in table 1. Table 2 shows the design characteristics of the proposed materials , and table 6 shows the properties of these materials.

Examples 6-11

The above fabrics with a surface density in the range of 80-300 g / m ^{2 are} impregnated according to the technology described in example 1, with a silicone emulsion and after drying with an aqueous solution of a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea to a weight gain of 98.6, 173, 248, 300 and 371 g / m

On the AHP unit, a double-sided PVC coating is applied from compositions in which the ingredients per 100 parts by weight PVC are taken according to the average values of the declared ranges and are shown in table 1, with the manufacture of multilayer materials, the structural characteristics of which are shown in table 3.

Table 4 shows the PVC composition, impregnating compositions, the construction of multilayer materials from fabrics of smaller and larger declared ranges.

The properties of the finished multilayer materials are shown in table 5.

To compare the physicomechanical indices of the known and proposed technical solutions, samples of the known technical solution for the formulations of PVC compositions specified in examples 3.16 and 41 were made (see the description of patent No. 2226577, pages 16 and 18). The characteristics of fire-resistant multilayer materials and their physical and mechanical properties in accordance with GOST 29151-91 are shown in table 6.

Analysis of the data presented (see table 6) allows us to draw conclusions characterizing the advantages of the proposed design of a multilayer fire-resistant material, including:

- improving the strength characteristics of the proposed materials in comparison with similar prototype;

- the possibility of a preliminary assessment of the properties of a fire-resistant multilayer material for targeted use according to its functional purpose with optimal design parameters of the multilayer material (thickness, surface density, etc.) and raw material consumption (parts by weight). For example, when evaluating the breaking load (longitudinal direction), the thickness and surface density of PE fabric, the percentage of weight gain after impregnation, the surface density of the multilayer material planned for release, its thickness and the ratio of the layers are used. So, for example, we have (tables 2, 3, 6):

Fabric thickness Multilayer thickness Layer ratio Breaking load mm material mm by weight Dan 0.15-0.25 0.56-0.57 1.0: 0.62-1.62: 0.35-0.66 up to 217 0.2-0.3 0.62-0.66 1.0: 0.82-0.9: 0.318-0.8 up to 222

The possibilities of choosing fabrics and the optimal consumption of raw materials to obtain material for a functional purpose, determined by a breaking load in the longitudinal direction, are obvious. Moreover, the range of surface density of the material can vary from 607 to 740 g / m ² for a given thickness of the material. The above considerations apply to all characteristics that determine the function of using multilayer material in the claimed ranges of technical solutions.

- improving the set of physical and mechanical properties while maintaining fire resistance at lower surface density indicators of the proposed materials.

Table 3 Designs of multilayer materials according to the average values of the declared ranges Indicators The surface density of the fabric, g / m ² 80 140 200 250 300 one 2 3 four 5 6 The surface density of the fabric after impregnation, g / m ² 98.6 173 248 309 371 The surface density of PVC coatings, g / m ² 168.6 296 424 528 634 The surface density of the multilayer material, g / m ² 297.2 469 672 837 1005 The surface density of the front coating, g / m ² one hundred 200 224 300 334 The surface density of the wrong coating, g / m ² 68.6 96 200 228 300 The ratio of the layers of the material by weight of the impregnated fabric: Ln: Ip 1.0: 1.01: 0.695 1.0: 1.16: 0.55 1.0: 0.9: 0.8 1.0: 0.97: 0.74 1.0: 0.9: 0.81 The ratio of the layers of the material by the thickness of the impregnated fabric: Lp: Ip 1.0: 0.77: 0.54 1.0: 1.3: 0.66 1.0: 1.1: 1.0 1.0: 1.25: 0.84 1.0: 1.1: 1.0

Table 4 Compositions of compositions and structures of multilayer materials Ingredients, parts by weight indicators The surface density of the fabric, g / m ² 71 320 PVC 100.0 100.0 DOF 35.0 65.0 Dos 10.0 30,0 TCEF 8.0 25.0 HP-470 3.0 17.5 Calcium stearate 0.8 2,5 Aluminum hydroxide 12.5 30,0 Pigment: blue phthalocyanine 2.0 - green phthalocyanine - 5.5 Weight gain silicone emulsion,
wt.% 2,5 9.0 The ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea 1.0: 1.0 1.0: 2.0 Weight gain, wt.% 10.0 22.0 Fabric thickness mm 0.12 0.35 The surface density of the impregnated fabric, g / m ² 80.0 426.0 The surface density of PVC coatings, g / m ² 80.0 988 The surface density of Lp, g / m ² the material is not molded due to the small overlap of the front (Lp) and the wrong side 494 The surface density of IP, g / m ² 494 The ratio of layers in the material by weight - 1.0: 1.16: 1.16 The ratio of layers in the material by thickness - (Ip) coverage 1.0: 1.43: 1.43 The surface density of the multilayer material - 1414

Table 5 Physico-mechanical properties of known and proposed materials Indicators Examples Analogue by a known technical solution on the proposed technical solution 3 16 41 one 2 3 one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 The surface density of the fabric, g / m ² 300 200 200 300 200 200 The surface density of the impregnated fabric, g / m ² - - - 395 248 231 The ratio of the layers of the material by weight of fabric: impregnation layer: PVC coating 1.0: 0.3: 3.0 1.0: 0.22: 2.2 1.0: 0.22: 2.2 - - - The surface density of the PVC coating, g / m ² 900 440 440 900 424 263 - The surface density of the multilayer material, g / m ² 1290 684 684 1295 672 494 n / a 900 Breaking load, daN (GOST 17316) longitudinal direction 150 190 186 230 220 216 120 transverse direction 130 170 163 197 196 194 105 Tear resistance, daN longitudinal direction 82.0 51.6 52.8 65.0 63,2 63.6 42 transverse direction 50.8 46.1 47.0 56.0 55.0 55.2 40,0 Rigidity, cN longitudinal direction thirty 26 27 31,0 27,2 27.4 26 transverse direction 25 24 24 23.0 20.5 19.6 10 Flammability, mm / s (GOST 25076) " " 0 0 0 0 Flammability, s 5 3 2 3 2 2 -

Claims (1)

Fire-resistant multilayer material, including a polyester fabric pre-impregnated with an aqueous solution of a flame retardant, and a two-sided coating based on a polyvinyl chloride composition containing a flame retardant, characterized in that the polyester fabric is first sequentially impregnated with an aqueous silicone emulsion prior to weight gain after drying 3.0-8, 5 wt.% And an aqueous solution of a mixture of polyphosphoric acids and urea with a ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, 1.0: 1.56-1.80 before weight gain after drying, 12.0-21.5 wt.%, And two-sided polyvinyl oridnoe coating formed from the composition (parts by weight):
Emulsion polyvinyl chloride 100.0 Dioctyl phthalate 40.0-60.0 Trichloroethyl phosphate 10.0-20.0 Dioctylsebacinate 15.0-25.0 Chloroparaffin 470 5.0-15.0 Calcium stearate 1.0-2.0 Pigment 2.5-5.0 Aluminum hydroxide 15.0-25.0
and applied at a ratio by weight of the impregnated fabric: polyvinyl chloride coating, respectively 1.0: 1.14-2.28 with a ratio of the layers of the material by weight of the impregnated fabric: front coating: back coating 1.0: 0.595-1.7: 0.27 -0.886 and with a ratio of layers by thickness, respectively, 1.0: 0.39-2.1: 0.3-1.17.