RU25094U1 - DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTRIC FIELD TENSION THROUGH THREE ORTHOGONAL DIRECTIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for measuring electric field strength in three orthogonal directions, comprising a measuring unit with differential inputs and a sensor consisting of a spherical conductive housing, three pairs of identical conductive electrodes in the form of spherical segments bounded by a central outer cone with an angle at the apex θ≤ 90, placed symmetrically on diametrically opposite sections of the spherical conductive housing, isolated from it and one from the other and located in space so that the straight The centers connecting them are mutually orthogonal and intersect in the center of the spherical conductive housing, with each pair of electrodes connected to the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit, to the common bus of which a spherical conductive housing is connected, characterized in that windows bounded by a central inner cone are cut out in each spherical segment with an angle θ <θ at the vertex, selected on the basis of the required error and spatial range of measurement.

Description

DEVICE FOR MEASURING ELECTRIC FIELD TENSION THROUGH THREE ORTHOGONAL

DIRECTIONS

The utility model relates to the field of measuring technology: and M {5 can be used in measuring the electric field vector in a wide spatial range with increased accuracy.

A device is known for measuring electric field strength by three orthogonal components 1, comprising a measuring unit and a sensor made in the form of a conducting sphere, on the surface of which are diametrically oppositely mounted isolated from and from the sphere; sensitive electrodes connected to the measuring unit, and the electrodes are made in the form of eight spherical triangles bounded by three mutually perpendicular planes, the intersection point of which coincides with the center of the sphere. Sensitive electrodes are interconnected through a switch, which combines them into two circuits, forming two hemispheres, connected to a measuring unit measuring the flowing method formed: n; mi anecrodes electric current. Sequentially forming half spheres from the electrodes, separated by the coordinate planes YOZ, XOZ and XOY, measure the components Ex, Eu and EZ of the electric field vector E.

Since the electrodes in this device are combined into hemispheres, in the general case: ae are spherical segmes limited by a central: co: cone: with at: 11in 9i 180 °, then it can be used (measured: and: and: elektric field in a narrow spatial range, that is, at distances from field sources, significantly exceeding the size of the sensor: in this area, the electric field can be considered homogeneous. When the sensor approaches the source

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M.K.L. G01R29 / 12 The electric field becomes inhomogeneous and appears

Significant measurement errors with a negative sign. These errors are caused by the redistribution of charges induced on the surfaces of the sensor electrodes when they are brought to the source of the field or by conducting them to the surfaces.

The closest device to the claimed one is a device for measuring electric field strength in three orthogonal directions, implementing method 2, comprising a measuring unit with differential inputs and a sensor consisting of a spherical) conducting body, three pairs of identical conductive electrodes in the form of spherical sections, bounded by the center a cone with a vertex placed symmetrically on diametrically opposite sections of the spherical conductive Kopii: yca, isolated from it and one from of the other and located in space so that the direct centers connecting them are mutually orthogonal and intersect in the center of a spherical conductive housing, each pair of electrodes is connected to the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit.

However, this device has the same drawbacks as the analogue, but already with significant: mi positive errors.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the accuracy of measuring the electric field vector in a wide spatial range of measurement, i.e. at distances from the source of the field or conductive surfaces commensurate with the size of the sensor. At such distances, the electric field in the presence of the sensor has a synchromatic heterogeneity.

This problem is achieved by the fact that in a known device for measuring electric field strength in three orthogonal directions, comprising a measuring unit with differential inputs and a sensor consisting of a spherical conductive housing, three

2

pairs of identical conductive electrodes in the form of spherical segments surrounded by a central external cone with an angle at apex of 6 ° 90 °, placed symmetrically on diametrically opposite sections of a spherical conducting wire; its body, isolated from it and one from the other and located in space so that the straight connecting one another; their centers are mutually orthogonal and intersect at the center of the spherical conductive housing, with each pair of electrodes connected to the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit, to On the side of which the spherical conductive housing is connected, windows are bounded in each spherical segment, bounded by a central inner cone with an angle of 02 in1 at the top, selected based on the required error and spatial measurement range.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a sensor of electric field strength; figure 2. - an electrode made in the form of a spherical segment bounded by a central: outer cone: with yrjroM apex and cut-out: an: n: m in a not: m window: limited by: a central inner: cone with an angle at in fig.Z - traffic by time: odds from heterogeneity by 11th depending on the reciprocal of the spatial range: the measurement unit (where R is the radius of the sensor’s cornet, d is the distance from the center of the sensor’s body to the field source) for cases corresponding to an analog, prototype : available: to the device: at 9i-90 and various values 02 (, and).

The device for measuring the electric field strength in the ipeM ortho-nal) directions contains a sensor: infrared, consisting of a spherical conductive housing 1 with a radius R, three pairs of 2-3, 4-5 and 6-7 identical conductive electrodes 2-7 in forms: f with (|) erical: segments: limited by a central external cone with an angle: m at the top: no 0 - 90, in which windows are cut with a central internal cone with an angle of 02 at the top (odd electrodes 3, 5 and 7 not shown in FIG. 1). Electrodes 2-7

placed pairwise symmetrically on diametrically opposite sections of the spherical conductive housing 1, isolated from it and one from the other about and located in space so that they are straight: e connecting the centers are mutually orthogonal and intersect in the center O of the spherical conductive housing 1. Each pair of electrodes 2- 3., 4-5 and 6-7 are connected to the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit (not shown), to the common bus of which a spherical conductive housing 1 is connected.

The device operates as follows.

When a sensor is placed in an electric field, there are charges on its conducting 1dich electrodes 2-7 inductor). These charges cause an electric current between each conductive electrode 2-7 and the spherical conductive housing of the sensor 1. The currents from each pair of diametrically opposite conductive electrodes along the x-axis 2-3, along the y-axis 4-5, along the z-axis 6-7 arrive at the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit., The outputs of which generate signals proportional to the charge difference with each pair of e .11 electrodes, i.e. proportional to the three components of the electric field strength EX, Eu and EZ, respectively. Reducing the error of the sensors and expanding the spatial range of measurement is achieved by cutting windows in spherical segments. In this case, the distribution of charges induced on the surface, thus obtained by the elemental genera of the sensor, changes, approaching the distribution in a uniform field. This is confirmed by FIG. 3, where, as examples, the graphs of the error from the inhomogeneity of the electric field of a point charge are plotted as a function of the reciprocal of the spatial measurement range (where R is the radius of the sensor housing, d is the distance from the center of the sensor housing to the field source) for s.) 1 lessons corresponding to the analogue, prototype and the claimed device with and various values of 62 (, and).

4

From the graphs of Fig. 3 it can be seen that cutting windows in the sensor electrodes made in the form of spherical segments leads both to a decrease in the error of the sensor and to an expansion of its spatial measurement range in comparison with analogue and prototype. For example, for a sensor having electrodes with pa; measures: both Oi-90 ° and 02-30 ° (traffic 1 in FIG. 3) with an error of% spatial measurement range from s to 1.3-R (.75), for an analog sensor with electrodes with the same error of 10% spatial the measurement range will be from "e to 2.2-R (.45), and for the prototype sensor with electrodes with an error of 10% the spatial range: the measurement unit will already be from co to 2.8-R (.35).

Thus, the proposed shape of the electrodes of the sensor is 1: 1; it allows to increase the accuracy and expand the spatial range of measurement in electric fields.

1.A.S. 1689884 USSR, MESI G 01 R 29/12 Device for measuring electrostatic field strength / G.G., Sokolov A.G. JS 724939/21; Claim 07/26/89; Publ. 11/07/91, Bull. No. 41.

2. Horvath T., Clement G. Measurement of the distortion less electric field intensity of high voltage installations. Third International Symposium on High voltage Engineering. Milan, 28-31 Aug. 1979, p. 44.05 / 1-44.05 / 4. Translation of the VTsPL G-21913. -M., -1981. -12 p.

LITERATE TA

Claims (1)

A device for measuring electric field strength in three orthogonal directions, comprising a measuring unit with differential inputs and a sensor consisting of a spherical conductive body, three pairs of identical conductive electrodes in the form of spherical segments bounded by a central outer cone with an apex angle of θ ₁ ≤ 90 ^o , placed symmetrically on diametrically opposite sections of the spherical conductive housing, isolated from it and one from the other and located in space so that it is straight the centers connecting them are mutually orthogonal and intersect in the center of the spherical conductive housing, with each pair of electrodes connected to the corresponding differential inputs of the measuring unit, to the common bus of which a spherical conductive housing is connected, characterized in that windows limited by the central inner are cut out in each spherical segment a cone with an angle θ ₂ <θ ₁ at the vertex, selected on the basis of the required error and the spatial range of measurement.