RU2506891C2 - Method of early diagnostics of mammary gland disease in cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of veterinary. In order to carry out early diagnostics of mammary gland disease in cows, electric conductivity of milk is determined for each quarter of udder in each milking. Electric conductivity of milk is preliminarily determined for a healthy cow, which underwent clinical examination, during three days in morning and evening milking for each quarter of udder. Absolute average electric conductivity of milk for each quarter of udder for three days is calculated. Further, index of average electric conductivity of milk is determined in each milking for each quarter of udder, and if index of average electric conductivity of milk in at least one quarter of udder deviates from absolute average electric conductivity of respective quarter of udder towards increase by 10-15% and more, subclinical form of mastitis is diagnosed.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to diagnose subclinical form of mastitis.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular veterinary medicine, and can be used to diagnose mastitis in cows.

There is a known diagnostic method in which the heat flux of the nipples of the udder is measured on the inside and based on the data obtained, an average value of the indicators is calculated and, with a value of more than 163.26 Wm ² K, mastitis is diagnosed (patent RU No. 2258454, 2005).

The known method is not efficient enough and time-consuming, since in each nipple, as well as in the base of the udder, the bottom of the udder and the mirror of the udder, it is necessary to measure the heat flux, calculate its average value and make a comparison.

There is also a method in which the signs of mastitis in cows are determined based on measuring the electrical conductivity of milk, which characterizes the degree of deviation of the chemical composition of milk and the condition of the animal in relation to mastitis (US patent No. 3512050, 1970). The specified method also does not give an accurate prognosis of the disease of the udder.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed method relates to a method in which they determine the early forms of mastitis by measuring the electrical conductivity of milk in quarters of the udder (patent RU No. 2359639, 2009), while comparing the maximum electrical conductivity and the difference in electrical conductivity with the given values. Exceeding the set thresholds is a signal of incidence.

The described method is very time-consuming, complicated due to the presence of complex equipment for the determination of mastitis, ^ which affects the quality indicators of milk.

The objective of the proposed invention is to increase the quality component of milk, by simplifying the method and reducing the complexity of determining the incidence of breast cancer.

The problem is achieved due to the fact that in a method for the early diagnosis of a disease of the mammary gland of cows, which includes determining the electrical conductivity of milk for each quarter of the udder in each milking, the conductivity of milk during milking is determined in advance during three days in a morning and evening milking in a healthy cow from each quarter of the udder, calculate the absolute average electrical conductivity of milk for each quarter of the udder in three days. Further, at each milking, the average conductivity of milk is determined for each quarter of the udder, and if the average conductivity of milk deviates in at least one of the quarters of the udder during milking from the absolute average electrical conductivity of the corresponding quarter of the udder, they are diagnosed with an increase of 10-15% or more subclinical form of mastitis. After that, an additional examination of the animal for a physiological state of health is carried out.

It was experimentally established that an excess of the average level of electrical conductivity by 10-15% or more of the absolute average electrical conductivity of milk during milking is a signal of the possibility of an udder disease. With less exceeding the level of electrical conductivity of milk, the number of somatic cells in it meets the requirements for milk quality. If 10% is exceeded, the number of somatic cells in milk is already contained in sufficient quantity to serve as a signal of a possible disease, and more than 15% of the disease begins to progress.

Milk from cows with mastitis has an increased number of leukocytes and altered physicochemical properties. Studies over the years have shown that the development of subclinical mastitis is accompanied by an increase in the level of chlorine ions in milk, which leads to a decrease in the electrical resistance of milk.

The number of somatic cells in milk is an indicator of the health of the body as a whole, but especially the state of health of the mammary gland, which ultimately affects the quality of milk and, accordingly, the quality of dairy products (cheese, cottage cheese, butter, sour cream).

Exceeding the content of somatic cells over 250 thousand / ml indicates subclinical mastitis, and exceeding 500 thousand / ml is a threat of the disease.

An example of the method.

The studies were carried out on black-motley cattle in Germany on the Gladigao dairy farm, with a livestock of 200 animals, with double milking. At the same time, the yield of milk per cow amounted to 7991 kg, with a percentage of fat of 4.34, protein of 3.56%. For milking cows, the Fir-tree milking unit (2 × 8) was used, equipped with a management system with four sensors for recording the electrical conductivity of milk. The current value and the deviation of the electrical conductivity of milk are recorded in the computer's memory automatically. The dynamics of the electrical conductivity of milk during milking, taking into account the fraction of the udder, was studied using cows with a milk yield of more than 20 kg per day for two weeks. The relationship between the electrical conductivity of milk, the content of somatic cells, as well as the identification of the causative agent of the disease was determined by laboratory data in each lobe of the udder in the morning and evening.

Information on the excess of the conductivity index for each cow is transmitted to the milking parlor, as soon as the animal is identified on a shared place, it is additionally checked for subclinical mastitis with appropriate veterinary means and after milking, if the disease is suspected, the animal is beaten through a selection gate for examination by a veterinarian, and of further treatment Exceeding the conductivity index by 10-15% and above signals a violation of the physiological state the effects of the animal and the need for treatment.

The process is automated, takes place in real time and does not allow to miss a case of an animal’s disease.

There are a lot of reasons for the occurrence of breast disease and the main thing is not to miss the time of the onset of the disease, or to prevent the disease, because in 25% of cases the animals are not fully restored, causing great economic damage to livestock. This leads to a decrease in the quality of milk, and, accordingly, high-quality production of butter, cottage cheese, sour cream, cheese.

The results of measurements of the electrical conductivity of milk,

showing the identification of violations in the body of cows by deviation from the average absolute indicators are shown in the table.

Table The results of measuring the electrical conductivity of milk of cows of black-motley breed No. Conductivity, mA Average performance Deviations from the average value,% Lp Lz Pn PZ Lp Lz Pn PZ Lp Lz Pn PZ 220 83 86 85 87 83 86 85 85 0 0 0 2 225 91 88 86 89 81 77 78 82 12 fourteen 10 8 228 95 94 95 89 89 87 88 91 6 8 7 5 235 93 89 one hundred 92 91 87 94 90 2 2 6 2 85 one hundred 103 136 117 94 97 110 102 6 6 23 fourteen 88 93 94 97 91 88 91 93 88 5 3 four 3 118 90 91 90 86 79 79 79 81 13 fifteen 13 6 187 121 101 one hundred 103 105 98 98 98 fifteen 3 2 5 195 90 91 90 90 88 88 87 87 2 3 3 3 198 87 89 87 86 83 83 82 82 four 7 6 four 206 89 85 85 87 87 85 82 83 2 0 3 four 21698 98 93 95 95 93 89 91 92 5 four four 3

The results presented in the table show that cows No. 225, 118, 187 have deviations from the average value by 10-15%, indicate a subclinical form of mastitis and the need for action with the participation of a veterinarian.

Claims (1)

A method for early diagnosis of a disease of the mammary gland of cows, including determining the electrical conductivity of milk for each quarter of the udder in each milking, characterized in that previously, in a healthy cow that has been examined for three days, the conductivity of milk during milking from each quarter is determined in the morning and evening milking udders, calculate the absolute average electrical conductivity of milk for each quarter of the udder in three days, then, at each milking, the average electrical conductivity is determined awns milk for each udder quarter and indicator deviation mean electrical conductivity of milk at least one of the quarters of the udder during milking from absolute mean electrical conductivity corresponding to a quarter of the udder in the direction of increasing by 10-15% or more diagnosed subclinical mastitis.