RU2505072C2 - Dog fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: dog fodder includes meat and vegetal raw materials, a liquid component and culinary salt. The meat raw material is represented by chicken fillet; the vegetal raw materials are represented by blanched carrots and pumpkin with rice flour; the liquid component is represented by broth. Additionally, the dog fodder contains a mineral additive in the form of finely ground egg shell and low-fat dry milk as well as phyto-preparations including a water extract of nettle and the following components (in the form of dry powder): absinth sage herb, St. John's wort herb, althea roots, inula roots and rhizomes at the following components ratio, wt %: chicken fillet - 46.5, low-fat dry milk - 4.5, blanched carrots and pumpkin - 9.6, rice flour - 3.8, culinary salt - 1.1, ground egg shell - 0.5, phyto-preparations - 0.1, broth - balance.

EFFECT: proposed invention usage will allow to produce a dog fodder with a high nutritive and energy value and dietary and preventive medical properties.

1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the production of animal feed, in particular to dog food.

Known dog food containing cereals, offal of category II (ears, spleen, lung), bone or meat and bone meal, blood, protein hydrolyzate, dry vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beets, onions, turnips, cabbage), vegetable oil, carbonate salt calcium, Eleutherococcus extract (RF patent No. 2186498, CL A23K 1/16, publ. 1998)

This feed contains a large number of cereals and vegetables, and the meat portion is represented by offal of the 2nd category, which have low nutritional and biological value. As an additional source of protein, soy protein hydrolyzate is used, which increases the total protein content, but is not desirable in dog diets.

The proposed feed contains chicken fillet, broth, vegetable raw materials - blanched carrots, pumpkin, rice flour, an additional source of high-grade animal protein - nonfat dry milk, a source of minerals - chopped eggshells, in addition to providing a therapeutic and preventive effect for diseases the gastrointestinal tract contains phytopreparations - water extract of nettle, wormwood, bitter grass, St. John's wort grass, marshmallow root, elecampane rhizomes and roots in the following relation and components, wt.%: chicken fillet 46.5, skimmed milk powder 4.5, blanched carrots and pumpkin 9.6, rice flour 3.8, sodium chloride 1.1, eggshell 0.5, as well as herbal preparations 0.1.

The result from the use of the invention is to obtain a quality product for dogs with high nutritional and energy value, dietary and therapeutic properties.

The achieved result is achieved due to the fact that dog food includes meat and vegetable raw materials, a liquid component and table salt and contains chicken fillet as meat raw materials, and blanched carrots and pumpkin with rice flour as vegetable raw materials, and as liquid the broth component, in addition, additionally contains a mineral additive in the form of finely ground eggshells and nonfat dry milk, as well as herbal preparations, including an aqueous extract of nettle, in the form of dry powders, wormwood, grass St. John's wort, marshmallow root, roots and rhizomes of elecampane in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

chicken fillet - 46.5

non-fat milk powder - 4.5

blanched carrots and pumpkin - 9.6

rice flour - 3.8

salt - 1.1

finely ground eggshell - 0.5

herbal remedies - 0.1

broth - rest

With a lower content of meat, milk powder and rice flour, the protein content and energy value are reduced, and the introduction of more of these components leads to a negative effect on the consistency of the product - it becomes too thick, heterogeneous, and even mixing of the components is difficult. The indicated content of milk powder and eggshell provides the optimal ratio of calcium to phosphorus - with an increase in the content of milk powder, the phosphorus content increases, and with an increase in the content of eggshell a significant increase in calcium content is observed, and accordingly, an imbalance in the ratio of these elements. The concentration of herbal preparations was selected taking into account the recommendations of veterinarians on their daily intake to achieve a therapeutic effect, as well as on the effect on the organoleptic properties of the feed. Higher concentrations of individual phytopreparations negatively affect organoleptic - a specific smell of nettle, bitterness of wormwood, marshmallow and elecampane appear.

Reducing the content of fat and carbohydrates in the feed allows you to give it dietary properties.

The choice of the right dietary feeding depends on the type and manifestation of the disease, as well as on which part of the gastrointestinal tract is affected.

Having studied and analyzed the characteristics of diets for such diseases of the digestive system as peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, chronic and acute intestinal diseases, obesity, a feed formulation with the selection of components that best suits the principles of therapeutic feeding and meets safety requirements has been developed and nutrition.

When developing the feed formulation, the following points were taken into account:

- the daily need of the dog’s body for energy and basic nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, trace elements, vitamins);

- maximum satisfaction with the principles of therapeutic feeding;

- providing mechanical and chemical sparing of the gastrointestinal tract;

- product safety.

The most nutritious food for dogs is meat, its share in the daily diet should average about 25-30% of the total nutritional value of the diet. Meat is a source of high-grade protein, easily digestible fat, minerals, nitrogenous and nitrogen-free extractives that stimulate the digestive glands, increase animal appetite, and stimulate the central nervous system. In poultry fillet, compared with meat from other parts of the carcass, there is more protein and less connective tissue and fat. In diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, veterinarians recommend limiting the consumption of other types of meat and prefer dietary poultry, in particular fillet. The above factors were decisive when choosing the poultry fillet as the meat component of the feed.

Chicken broth is recommended for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. When cooking poultry meat, easily digestible protein - albumin (its content in the broth is 2-3%), extractive and mineral substances (mainly calcium and phosphorus) pass into the water.

Rice flour is a dietary, balanced, hypoallergenic (gluten-free protein) feed product, a source of a wide range of natural trace elements and vitamins. A distinctive feature of rice flour is that it refers to gluten-free starch-containing (starch content 74%) raw materials, is well digested and quickly digested. By the amino acid composition, rice proteins are the most complete of all types of cereals. Another important aspect of the use of rice flour is that during the cooking process, protein-starch mucus is formed, slightly irritating the stomach, quickly leaving it and favorably affecting the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, rice flour is widely used in medical and dietetic nutrition in the diet therapy of patients with gastritis, acute chronic enterocolitis and other diseases. In addition, rice flour acts as a thickener (stabilizer of consistency), preventing the separation of liquid during storage.

Vegetables serve as a source of vitamins, minerals, highly soluble sugar, starch, organic acids, pectin and cell membranes. For research, carrots and pumpkins are of interest. Carrots regulate carbohydrate metabolism, have light laxative and diuretic properties, stimulate the secretion of digestive glands and enhance their enzymatic activity, which improves digestion processes, as well as increases the digestibility of nutrients throughout the diet. Pumpkin is recommended as a diuretic and metabolic enhancer, as a mild laxative, it also has anti-inflammatory properties.

To increase the content of high-grade proteins, non-fat dry milk is introduced into the feed, which is a high-value product containing high-grade easily digestible protein (33.2%), a significant amount of vitamins and minerals (about 8%).

An increase in the content of minerals was achieved by introducing finely crushed dried egg shells into the formulation, as a valuable source of easily assimilable calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and other trace elements.

In the proposed feed, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is close to ideal and is 1.1: 1.

It is advisable to use the above medicinal plants not only from the point of view of medical properties, due to their content of vitamins, glycosides, saponins, inulin, azulenes, essential oils, phytoncides, bitter, tannins and other substances, but also the ability to improve some functional and technological characteristics of products (increase in shelf life), due to the content of antiseptic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in them. In addition, herbal remedies have the phenomenon of “weak irritation” of the nervous system, which leads to a therapeutic effect.

Marshmallow is used due to the enveloping, anti-inflammatory, emollient analgesic effect. The mechanism of these phenomena is that the mucous membranes have an enveloping ability and protect the nerve endings of the mucous membranes of the pharynx and the gastrointestinal tract from the effects of irritating substances. This leads to a decrease in painful reflexes and swelling in the tissues affected by the inflammatory process, as a result of which the catarrh of the mucous membranes is mitigated.

A wide spectrum of action has elecampane. It is used as an antiseptic, hemostatic, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, diuretic and anthelmintic.

St. John's wort has astringent, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, antimicrobial and choleretic actions. In addition, it promotes tissue regeneration.

The rich chemical composition of nettle leaves causes a wide range of pharmacological activity. The presence of a complex of vitamins allows the use of nettle as a multivitamin. Vitamin K and tannins provide a hemostatic effect, chlorophyll has a stimulating and tonic effect, enhances the main metabolism. Nettle helps to increase the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood and increases the number of red blood cells.

Wormwood is used as bitterness to stimulate appetite and improve the activity of the digestive system. At the same time, it stimulates the function of the digestive glands, the secretion of bile, pancreatic juice. The joint use of bitterness with medicinal herbs with choleretic properties significantly increases their therapeutic activity.

The multicomponent composition of the feed was constructed using the “Solution Search” tool of the standard Microsoft Excel software. When modeling the formulation, the declared values were taken into account, which are given in the Veterinary and Sanitary Standards and requirements for the quality of feed for non-productive animals during the rest period (No. 13-7-2 / 1010 of 07.15.1997), within the framework of permissible deviations. The claimed feed is characterized by high digestibility, moderate chemical and mechanical effects, as well as therapeutic focus due to the introduction of herbal remedies.

An example of a specific implementation.

Food is prepared as follows.

The broth is prepared by fillet cooking in open boilers with a meat: water ratio of 1: 3 for 40 minutes.

Cooked meat is ground on tops with a diameter of the holes of the lattice of 2-3 mm.

According to the feed formulation, blanched vegetables (carrots, pumpkin - 9.6 wt.%) And rice flour - 3.8 wt.% Are used as components. Before blanching, the vegetables must be rinsed. Then the vegetables are subjected to preliminary heat treatment - blanching in boilers. After blanching, the vegetables are sent for chopping to give them a pasty consistency.

One of the final stages of feed production is cooking the broth with prepared ingredients (chopped vegetables, meat and rice flour).

To give the feed a homogeneous structure, cooking boilers (reactors) are used for mixing heated viscous and liquid food products from several components. At the end of cooking (in 20 minutes), non-skimmed milk powder - 4.5 wt.%, Table salt - 1.1 wt.%, Finely ground eggshell - 0.5 wt.% And herbal preparations - 0.1 wt.% Are added. . (nettle net extract - 0.0001 wt%, dry powder of wormwood - 0.005 wt%, St. John's wort - 0.0249 wt%, marshmallow root - 0.035 wt%, elecampane roots and rhizomes - 0.035 wt. %). At the end of the cooking process, the feed using the pump is sent to the packaging and further sterilization.

The process of manufacturing canned food from the moment of processing the raw material to the start of sterilization does not exceed 2 hours, and from the start of seaming to sterilization - not more than 30 minutes. Exceeding the specified time parameters can lead to spoilage of raw materials. Sterilization is carried out at 115 ° C, the sterilization time depends on the volume of the container. Sterilization at higher temperatures leads to a decrease in the nutritional value of the product due to structural changes in proteins, fats, loss of vitamins. At lower temperatures, the necessary sterilizing effect is not achieved, which consists in ensuring the microbial purity of the feed and, accordingly, in increasing the shelf life of the product.

Dog food has the following organoleptic characteristics: appearance - homogeneous mass with inclusions of vegetables, poultry meat and herbs, smell - pleasant, characteristic of canned poultry meat, without foreign odors, color - yellowish-white with interspersed vegetables of bright yellow and orange colors, as well as medicinal herbs of dark green color.

Nutrition value of the obtained feed: protein 13-15%, fat 1.5-2.0%, carbohydrates 6-8%, moisture 73-75%, ash 2.8-3.2, energy value 584 kJ (139.5 kcal).

Compared with the prototype of the claimed dog food has a high energy value and low fat content, which allows to ensure its dietary properties and enhance the therapeutic effect.

Claims (1)

Dog food, including meat and vegetable raw materials, a liquid component and table salt, characterized in that it contains chicken fillet as raw meat, and blanched carrots and pumpkin with rice flour as vegetable raw materials, and broth as a liquid component at the same time it additionally contains a mineral additive in the form of finely ground eggshells and low-fat milk powder, as well as herbal remedies, including water extract of nettle, in the form of dry powders, wormwood grass, St. John's wort, marshmallow root, roots and elecampane rhizomes in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
chicken fillet 46.5 nonfat milk powder 4,5 blanched carrots and pumpkin 9.6 rice flour 3.8 salt 1,1 finely chopped eggshell 0.5 herbal remedies 0.1 bouillon rest