RU2502920C2 - Lighting unit with controlled light distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: lighting unit is made of two or more light diode modules, each of which comprises a light diode, secondary optics with specified light distribution, a radiator for cooling of the light diode and power supply unit combined into a solid structure on a rigid base. Light diode modules are equipped with sprockets and fixed on the base with the possibility of rotation around their axis at the angle from 0° to 360° and radial displacement. All sprockets of the blocks are combined with a geared transmission belt and are engaged with it. During rotation of the belt simultaneously with it the sprockets rotate in the same direction, and simultaneously all light diode modules connected with them. Accordingly light beams turn in the same direction, being formed by optics of each light diode. During individual regulation of lighting on the working site from each module, it is disengaged with other modules, and rotates around its axis by the angle necessary for rotation of the light beam of the module in the required direction.

EFFECT: possibility to regulate light distribution.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of lighting engineering and can be used in the manufacture of multi-lamp lighting devices (OP), for example, with LED light sources. It is known that the efficiency of a lighting installation is determined by the energy efficiency (light output, lm / W) of the used light source, the efficiency factor (Efficiency) of the light source in which the light source is installed, and the light distribution of the light source. Almost all of these parameters are set by the manufacturer of the OP. With the same indicators: light output and efficiency, the efficiency of the OP largely depends on its light distribution.

For each illuminated object, taking into account its features, in order to ensure the greatest energy efficiency of the lighting installation as a whole, an OP with a specific (individual) light distribution would be required (1), which, in conditions of mass production, is almost impossible.

Based on economic considerations and practical feasibility, an acceptable light distribution of the light emitting diode was determined for the most widespread cases of their application, taking into account the peculiarities of the lighted objects and the conditions for placing the light emitting diode: suspension height above the working surface, distance between lighting devices, uniform distribution of illumination on the illuminated surface, distribution luminous flux into the lower and upper hemispheres. Considering the above, by the type of the force curve, all OPs were divided into 7 (seven) types and by the ratio of light fluxes between hemispheres - into 5 (five) classes. The specified classification is introduced in the current regulatory and technical documents (2, 3).

The normatively fixed classification of OP significantly facilitated the work of designers of lighting installations in the lighting technology choice of acceptable OP for specific conditions.

A professionally designed lighting system should be energy efficient, provided that regulatory and technical requirements are met both in terms of quantitative indicators (for example, illumination, brightness, etc.) and in terms of quality (uniform distribution of illumination on the working surface, generalized indicator of discomfort, ratio brightness in the working area and the surface adjacent to it, etc.) (4). It is not always possible to fulfill all the regulatory requirements at the same time, using OP with parameters limited in light distribution. Designers often have to make some compromise, sacrificing some parameters regarding quantitative, qualitative or energy-economic indicators.

In recent years, LEDs have become increasingly common. LED manufacturers announce not only the high light output of LED light sources, but also a very long service life of up to 20 years. Naturally, in the conditions of continuous modernization of production, during the indicated period, technical re-equipment of the illuminated object may occur with a change in technology, composition of equipment and its placement; however, a previously designed lighting system, in terms of light distribution, may not meet the requirements in the new conditions.

The illuminated production site often houses jobs with different levels of visual work and, accordingly, with different regulatory requirements for their lighting. It is not uncommon for the entire technological line to have a limited number of jobs requiring an increased level of illumination, while in most of the illuminated area only general supervision of the existing equipment is required. Often, in such cases, combined lighting is used, with the retrofitting of workplaces with a higher level of illumination of the local lighting. However, such a solution requires additional costs for local lighting, installation of additional electrical networks, often with a different voltage rating; being directly in the working area, such OPs can create inconvenience in the actions of personnel serving this workplace; often require OPs that meet special requirements, for example, resistant to shock and increased vibration of the equipment on which they are installed, etc.

The problems noted above are well known to lighting designers. Designers and manufacturers of EPs have proposed design solutions that partially allow us to solve these problems for a limited range of applications.

An example of a partial solution to the problem is the adjustable exposure OP types: Marix2 powerled - 15 °, Kripton powerled - beaum 6 °, Vision A + V powerled - 6 °, Kim2 powerled - 6 ° from Forsnova s.r.l. GRUPPO-DISA NO group of companies (5), designed to illuminate individual objects. Luminaires similar to the Manual are produced by many foreign companies. As a light source, LEDs with mirror or refractive optics are used; the optical system together with the light source are mounted inside the housing. The entire OP is fixed on a U-shaped lyre or a vertical rack (bracket), while the body is fixed movably relative to the lyre or bracket, and the latter can be rotated relative to the mount in a vertical plane. The disadvantage of this system is that the adjustment of illumination in space is due to the complete rotation of the optical part and the light sources of the device around the vertical and (or) horizontal axis. The light intensity of the light source inside the light spot (light beam) created by the device on the illuminated surface in the process of changing the position (rotation) of the light source does not change, only the angular position of the light spot changes. The creation according to the described scheme of multi-tube luminaires for general lighting of large areas would lead to the creation of heavy OPs with expensive rotary nodes.

In connection with the stated features, the OP with the considered structural and lighting circuits have limited applications, mainly for exposure, accent lighting.

Partially the above disadvantages are eliminated in the design of the CARDAN SNS series fixtures (6). The luminaire is an assembly of 2 ... 4 of the same type of OP, each of which is made in the form of a supporting frame, on which a rotary "cardan" system of 2 cast aluminum rings is mounted, ensuring the rotation of the mirror lamp mounted on them around two mutually perpendicular axes . The combination of several single mirror lamps in one lighting device allows you to increase the total luminous flux of the product and direct it to different zones of the illuminated space and, thereby, expand the scope, compared with single designs. However, this design also has inherent disadvantages. OP does not regulate the light intensity curve, the gimbal system only ensures the movement of the light spot in the illuminated space with the lighting parameters specified by the lamp. OP does not allow you to control the light intensity curve at the “standard position” (for general-purpose OP, the standard is the position in which the optical axis of the device is directed vertically downward (in the direction of the nadir). Deviation of the optical axis of the mirror lamp from the nadir, in the direction of the “observer, may lead to unacceptable brilliance in the normalized zone of limitation of brightness, which is an important limiter for the use of OP, built on this principle, in lighting installations of general lighting.

Closest to the proposed invention is the solution proposed in (7). The author proposes a schematic diagram of the design of the OP, in which not one, but two optical systems with different light distribution are used. By varying optical systems with different light distribution, mutually complementing them as part of a single product, it is possible to obtain an OD with predetermined lighting parameters.

There are also disadvantages to this solution. Firstly, its implementation requires not one, but two optical systems with different light distribution, which leads to the complication and cost of the product. Secondly, from the consumer's point of view, the proposed system is a rigid system, a set of optical systems is carried out by the manufacturer and does not provide for the possibility of regulating the light distribution of OP by the consumer for specific requirements.

Based on the foregoing, it is proposed the design of a lighting unit with adjustable light distribution (SBSRS), eliminating the above disadvantages. SBSc consists of individual lighting modules 1 of figure 1, each of which includes a powerful LED 2, equipped with secondary optics 3 and a heat sink 4; power supply 5 of FIG. 2, installed in a housing 6 of FIG. 1, isolated from LED modules, of a supporting frame 7 of FIGS. 2, 3, on which all LED modules 1 are mounted, wiring connecting the power supply 5 with LED modules and the attachment unit 8 1, 2. Radiators 4 are made in the form of a multi-petal disk, the petals of the disk are located axisymmetrically, the disk has an asterisk 9 in the upper part of Fig. 3 of a toothed belt drive with a given step. The LED modules 1 are mounted on a supporting frame 7 with the possibility of rotation around their own axis AA of FIG. 1 within an angle of up to 360 ° and move radially, towards the center of the SBSc along the groove 10 of FIG. 3. All LED modules through gears 9 are connected by a gear transmission belt 11. The sprockets of LED modules are pressed against the gear transmission belt by a flat spring 12, which can be made as one-piece or in separate segments, depending on the overall dimensions of the entire block. The secondary optics of the LED module provides any, except round-symmetric, light distribution specified by the conditions of the problem, for example, one of those shown in Fig. 4. Wiring is made by a flexible (twisted) wire (cable), providing free rotation of each module individually and the entire module block together at an angle of up to 360 °.

The work on adjusting the light distribution of the light emitting diodes with SBSs is as follows. After installing the OP in place, the compliance of the illumination at the control points on the calculated working surface is checked, areas with lowered illumination requiring additional lighting and areas with high (against the norm) illumination are detected. Based on the identified situation, the appropriateness of simultaneous rotation of the entire system around the O-O central axis or the adequacy of the correction by turning individual LED modules is assessed. The general rotation of all modules to the desired angle is carried out by rotating the system around a common axis O-O, without removing the modules from engagement with the gear transmission belt. If it is necessary to more accurately adjust the distribution of illumination over the working surface, it is performed by turning some modules 1 to a certain angle. For this purpose, it is necessary to shift the adjustable module (by pressing) along the groove 10 of Fig. 3, towards the center, shifting it to the height of the belt drive tooth , before disengaging from it, rotate the module by the necessary angle around its own axis AA and, releasing, reintroduce the module into engagement with the belt. With large systems, the LED modules can be fixed in position by mechanical devices, for example, a threaded pair 13 of FIG. 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, 8 (eight) LED modules 1 are installed. Each asterisk 9 of the module has 16 teeth, the modules are combined with a timing belt 11 with a diameter of 267.5 mm and a number of teeth 105. Thus, when the whole system rotates by one tooth , all modules will rotate around the central axis O-O by 3.43 °, and each module another 22.5 ° around its axis AA. With individual adjustment, when a single module is rotated by one tooth, the light beam generated by this module will be rotated at an angle of 22.5 ° around the axis A-A.The specific light distribution of the OP as a whole will be determined by the relative position of the LED modules in each specific situation.

The total number of light distribution options that can be obtained is defined as the number of combinations of all the options for placing LED modules when they rotate around their axis: C _n ^m = n * (n-1) * (n-2) ... - (n-m + 1 ) / 1 * 2 * 3 * ... m (8),

where: n is the total number of possible positions (locations) of all modules around their axes 16 * 8 = 128;

m - the number of modules simultaneously participating in the combination - 8.

Calculations show that, with given parameters, the control capabilities are many times greater than the actual needs of practice. The base position of the modules is marked with index marks on the module and bracket, and the corresponding light distribution is given in the technical accompanying documentation.

LED modules can be grouped into lighting blocks of various shapes, with their placement in a circle, ellipse, rectangle, polygon, etc.

The assembled lighting unit is mounted in an OP housing, the design, overall dimensions and shape of which are determined on the basis of operational, architectural and artistic requirements for the product. OP is rigidly fixed to the suspension unit 8 on the mounting surface.

Thus, the lighting unit consists of two or more LED modules, each of which consists of a LED, secondary optics with a predetermined light distribution, a radiator for cooling the LED and the power supply, combined into a solid structure on a rigid base, LED modules are equipped with gear sprockets and mounted on the base with the possibility of rotation around its axis at an angle from 0 ° to 360 ° and radial movement, all the sprockets of the blocks are connected by a gear transmission belt and are engaged with it, the sprockets are pressed to the belt by a spring-loaded device and ensure its tension; when the belt is rotated, the sprockets and the LED modules connected to them rotate in the same direction at the same time; accordingly, the light beams formed by the optics of each LED are deployed; with individual adjustment of light distribution over the illuminated area from each module, it is disengaged from the toothed belt, and, consequently, from mechanical connection with other modules, shifting it in the radial direction (inward), by the height of the belt tooth, and rotates around its axis to the angle necessary to turn the light beam of the module in the right direction; combining the position of the individual LED modules by rotating each of them around its axis and varying the angle of their overall rotation around the common axis, it is possible to obtain a multivariate distribution of illumination on the working surface using the same OP without dismantling it, the number of possible distribution options for illumination is equal to the number combinations of the total number of possible positions of all LED modules - “n” and the number of LED modules in the lighting unit - “m”:

C ^m _n = n * (n-1) * (n-2) * ... (n-m + 1) / 1 * 2 * 3 * ... m, where

n is the total number of possible positions of all modules included in the LED block;

m is the number of LED modules in the lighting unit.

In accordance with customer requirements, the unit is made with the possibility of only general adjustment of the light distribution of the light emitting diode or with the possibility of only individual adjustment of the light distribution of each module, while the structural elements involved in providing the appropriate type of adjustment are installed.

The proposed design of the lighting LED block allows you to create various OP, providing the ability to fine-tune the distribution of the light flux of light sources on the illuminated work surface, both during installation and during operation, in accordance with the requirements of the consumer for the lighting installation at the moment.

Information sources

1. Lighting installations. G.M. Knorring. Energy Publishing House, 1981

2. Lamps. General technical conditions. GOST 17677-82.

3. Lighting devices. Lighting requirements and test methods GOST R 54350-2011.

4. Reference book on lighting technology, 3rd edition, ZNAK, 2006

5. Product catalog of the international group of companies “LIGHT TECHNOLOGIES”. 2012 year

6. Tomi Kuntze. The choice of optics for LEDs. M .: “ID Electronics”, Modern Lighting Engineering, No. 1, 2009, p.21.

7. Handbook of mathematics. I.N. Bronstein and K.A. Semenjyaev, science, 1964

Claims (1)

A lighting unit of two or more LED modules, each of which consists of a LED, secondary optics with a given light distribution, a radiator for cooling the LED and a power supply, integrated into a solid structure on a rigid base, characterized in that the LED modules are equipped with gear sprockets and mounted on the base with the possibility of rotation around its axis at an angle from 0 ° to 360 ° and radial movement, all the sprockets of the blocks are connected by a gear transmission belt and are engaged with it, the urethra are pressed to the belt by a spring-loaded device and ensure its tension; when the belt is rotated, the sprockets and the LED modules connected with them simultaneously turn in the same direction, respectively, the light beams formed by the optics of each LED are deployed, with individual adjustment of light distribution over the illuminated area from each module, it is disengaged from the toothed belt, and, consequently, from mechanical connection with other modules, its displacement in the radial direction (inward), by the value of the height of the tooth of the belt, and rotates around its axis by the angle necessary to turn the light beam of the module in the right direction, while the number of possible illumination distribution options is equal to the number of combinations from the total number of possible positions of all LED modules - “n” and the number of LED modules in the lighting unit - “m”:
C _n ^m = n · (n-1) · (n-2) ... - (n-m + 1) / 1 · 2 · 3 · ... m,
where n is the total number of possible positions of all modules included in the LED block;
m is the number of LED modules in the lighting unit.

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