RU2502458C2 - Garbage-disposal unit with closed circulation of air flow (working title "bivind") - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: invention is aimed depending on the projected versions and dimensions at "dry" cleaning streets, yards and premises, without the propagation of dust into the environment, without release of filtered air into the environment, with increased coverage of cleaning surface, with the collection-bagging of garbage in the airtight disposable recyclable standard or special reusable sacks/bags or a one-piece box, with the use of automatic unloading the reusable sacks/bags and cleaning of the filter. The closed circulation of air flow is provided by the use of internal return air duct (12), the side return air ducts (2) and active closed extension area of continuous simultaneous forced injecting-tapping of air (1). The device of expanding and retention in the expanded state of the sacks/bags is implemented using a perforated or mesh box (4), sealing (6) and hermetically sealed hatch (11), at that on the inner side of the walls and the bottom of the sack/bag (5) the force is applied pressing it to the walls of the perforated or mesh box (4) in movement of the air flow through the filter 8 from left to right - in the mode of garbage collection. The device of automatic unloading of reusable sacks/bags (5) and cleaning the filter (8) is implemented through the use of return-reverse air flow and manipulation with the lids/curtains of the special hermetically sealed hatches (7, 10, 11), shown in Table 1 together with the operating modes.

EFFECT: providing "dry" cleaning streets, yards and premises, without the propagation of dust into the environment.

1 dwg

Description

The unit is intended for cleaning all kinds of territories, using the air flow created by it.

The prototypes of this unit is a wide range of vacuum cleaners, the principle of which is the entrainment of dust and debris by the air flow, followed by filtering it with filters or filtering (breathable) garbage bags containing an air supercharger (9), a direct air suction channel (3), retracting nozzle (14), filter (8).

The technical feature (difference) of the unit is that:

1. during its operation in the cleaning mode, there is no air emission into the surrounding air space, and as a result, dust and volatile debris, both those that have been cleaned and not yet cleaned, do not spread. This is achieved due to the fact that the air filtered by the filter (8) (direct movement of the air flow from left to right), passing the air blower (9), is not thrown out, but through the internal return air channel (12) and external lateral return air channels ( 2), with specially directed nozzles, is thrown into the active closed expanded zone of the air-in-take-out (1). The air discharged through the nozzles of the channels (2) blows off relatively heavy waste in the central part of the zone (1), and mixed with lightweight garbage and dust is taken away by the suction nozzle (14) of the direct air channel (3). Formed into a “path”, heavy garbage is drawn in as the nozzle (14) approaches, the lower edge of which can be equipped with a mechanical broom and devices for unhindered movement along the cleaned surface.

2. the so-called active closed extended air-in-take-off zone has been applied (1), from which air, unlike prototypes, is not only continuously forcedly taken, but also continuously forcedly thrown into it. The zone is limited by external reverse lateral air channels (2) and a retracting nozzle (14), from above it is closed by an airtight elastic or rigid web fixed to them in a taut state. On the front and side sides, the zone can be equipped with additional hanging canopies made of airtight material of sufficient elasticity, if necessary, can be equipped with passive or mechanical brushes located inside it, parallel to the reverse side air channels (2). Since an air stream forms in the zone, the air pressure in the zone is less than in the surrounding space and therefore dust does not spread into the surrounding space, even when rotating the mechanical brushes installed in the closed zone. The increased capture width of the retractable surface is achieved due to the fact that the distance between the nozzles of the external lateral return channels (2) is greater than the width of the retracting nozzle (14). If necessary, the external lateral return channels (2) can be equipped on the inner side with additional throwing nozzles oriented toward the retracting nozzle (14). Design options for the unit with return air channels in the form of flexible air ducts with the use of a supporting rigid frame for their fastening, with rigid or hinged mounting to the unit body with their extension to the place of overlapping by the cover / curtain of the hatch (10) of the internal return air channel (12) are possible in exchange for parts of it).

3. garbage collection (packing) takes place in airtight standard disposable disposable (film or paper) elastic bags (bags) or special reusable with similar properties. This happens due to the use of a device for expanding and keeping packages (bags) in the expanded state, as follows. When cleaning garbage, the air flow moves from left to right, and passing through the filter (8) creates different zones of discharge from different sides. On the left there is a zone of lesser discharge, on the right is a zone of more rarefaction. The bag (bag) (5) is located in a perforated (mesh) box (4), the rounded upper edges of the box, with the edges of the bag (5) bent over them, are tightly pressed by the lifting (fixing) device (13) to the seal (6). Due to the open airtight hatch (11) and perforation openings of the box (4), the outer sides of the walls and the bottom of the bag (5) are in the zone of higher discharge, and the inner sides in the zone of lower vacuum (relative to atmospheric pressure) - this causes the package to expand (5 ) on the inner sides of the walls and bottom of the box (4) and its subsequent retention in a straightened state. It is possible that garbage can be collected simply in a solid box, identical in size to perforated and installed in its place.

4. by creating a reverse air flow from right to left through the filter (8) - when the air blower (9) is reversed and the cover-curtains of the airtight manholes (7, 10, 11) are manipulated, we get a higher pressure to the right of the filter (8), and on the left there is a zone of less elevated pressure - (relative to atmospheric pressure), due to this, the following modes are provided: filter cleaning and unloading of the bag (reusable) with passing cleaning of the filter, while the bag is turned inside out. A complete list of operating modes and the corresponding state of the covers / curtains of hermetic manholes are given in table 1.

Table 1 Mode of operation Hatch covers / curtains (position) Air Blower Rotation * Sealed sunroof outer member 7 ** Trash bin 7 10 eleven Garbage collection - - Regulation Direct Irrelevant Package (bag) disposable or reusable in a perforated box or one-piece box Automatic unloading with associated filter cleaning - - Reg. Converse Flexible sleeve for unfocusing Bag (bag) reusable in a perforated box Automatic filter cleaning - - - Converse Outdoor filter Package (bag) disposable or reusable in a perforated box or one-piece box Garbage collection in the ordinary vacuum cleaner mode (option 1) - - Reg. Direct Flexible hose with nozzle Package (bag) disposable or reusable in a perforated box or one-piece box Garbage collection in the ordinary vacuum cleaner mode (option 2) - - Reg. Direct Irrelevant Package (bag) disposable or reusable in a perforated box or one-piece box Note: - the position of the covers / curtains of the corresponding airtight hatches indicated in figure 1.
Reg. - adjustable position (open - fixedly set or continuously variable) to ensure the conditions for a specific mode of operation
* - direct rotation of the air blower provides air flow through the filter (8) from left to right
** - the outer part of the airtight hatch has a sealing and fixing device with a connecting flange of the outer element

The unit can be used in the design of various devices for cleaning and packing garbage as: towed, mounted and self-propelled machines; interchangeable guns for walk-behind tractors and snowblowers; vacuum cleaners. The unit, when modifying its active extended face-off zone - retracting and dividing it into several parts, is applicable as: stationary fixtures for all kinds of processing machines whose work is associated with the formation of dust; for cleaning debris moving along conveyors and poured agricultural products, etc., as well as mobile machines for cleaning surfaces with a constantly changed profile (rail tracks, etc.). The unit can be used in the design of combines for harvesting cotton, tea and pollen. The use of the unit as a garbage collection is especially important when cleaning volatile waste (poplar fluff, fallen leaves and seeds of plants) and when cleaning surfaces with varying degrees of roughness (crushed stone, pebbles, paving slabs, lawns, etc.). Rotation (direct and reverse) of the air blower (8) can be carried out from any type of engine.

Reference designations (figure 1)

1 - active closed expanded zone of forced, simultaneous face-off - air sampling.

2 - external lateral return air channels.

3 - direct air duct retraction.

4 - perforated (mesh) box.

5 - elastic airtight bag (bag).

6 - sealing seal.

7 - sealed hatch with a lid / curtain.

8 - filter.

9 - air blower.

10 - sealed hatch with a cover / curtain and a filter.

11 - sealed hatch with a curtain cover.

12 - internal return common air channel.

13 - lifting (with fixation) device.

14 - retracting nozzle.

15 - sealed door.

Claims (1)

A closed-flow garbage collection unit comprising an air blower (9), a filter (8), an elastic garbage bag (5), a direct suction air duct (3), a suction nozzle (14), characterized in that the collection is the packing of garbage - occurs from the enlarged capture zone with the help of drawn in and discharged filtered air without ejecting it into the surrounding space with the use of: not blocked - the upper position of the hatch / hatch curtain (10), the internal internal return air channel (12), are outer lateral return air channels (2) having specially directed nozzles of air injection at their ends and internal walls, active closed extended zone of forced simultaneous air-in-out (1) - closed from above with an elastic or rigid airtight cloth and covered with hanging canopies from the sides and front with or without mechanical brooms installed inside it, limited by lateral return air channels (2), a retracting nozzle (14), equipped with a brush and a device for free movement on the cleaned surface, and the use of an uncovered one - the extremely upper position of the hatch / curtain hatch (7), the direct air retraction channel (3) when collecting garbage in flexible, airtight, not used as a filter, disposable, including disposable, or reusable bags (5) using a device for expanding and holding them in a straightened state due to the difference in reduced, relative to atmospheric, air pressures on the inner and outer sides of the walls and the bottom of the bag (5), insert one with the expansion of its upper edges on the rounded upper edges of the perforated or mesh box (4) and pressed with a lifting and fixing device (13) to the seal (6) with the adjusting position of the sunroof / sunroof (11); a device for automatic unloading of a reusable elastic bag (5) due to the difference between the increased, relative to atmospheric, air pressures on the inner and outer sides of the walls and the bottom of the bag (5) and loading of garbage in the places of its accumulation with passing filter cleaning (8) using the reverse direction of movement air flow due to the reverse rotation of the air supercharger (9), when closed - the lowermost position of the hatch / hatch curtain (10) and the external filter on it, the internal internal common air channel (12) and ytom - lowermost position of the cover / curtains hatch (7), the direct air passage retractor (3) for adjusting position of the lid / hatch curtains (11) docked on the outside of the hatch (7) for discharging the flexible sleeve; preserving the functions of a conventional vacuum cleaner with the ceiling - the lowermost position of the sunroof / sunroof (10) and the external filter on it, the reverse common air channel (12) and open - the extreme upper position of the sunroof / sunroof (7), direct air retraction channel (3 ); the ability to collect garbage in a hard box, identical in size to the perforated or mesh box (4) and installed instead in any garbage collection mode; the ability to automatically clean the filter (8) in any mode of garbage collection when blocked - the lowermost position of the hatch / hatch curtain (10) and the outer filter on it, the internal reverse common air channel (12), blocked - the extreme lower position of the hatch / hatch ( 7) and an external filter on it, a direct air retraction channel (3), with the upper position of the hatch / hatch curtain (11) and the air flow in the opposite direction due to the reverse rotation of the air blower (9).