RU2498109C2 - Carousel windwheel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: carousel windwheel comprises L-shaped flaps installed on the vertical axis, blades, thrust frames and dampers. Flaps comprise a radial flap and a flap of identical design, additionally installed perpendicularly to the radial one. Blades are hingedly fixed in flaps as capable of rotation. The axis of rotation of each blade in flaps matches its nearest side edge. Blades in the working mode are pressed to thrust edges fixed in parallel to the plane of each flap via dampers to its design. In the feathered mode the blades take the direction of the air flow without limitations. Frame flaps are pressed between two separating blades that structurally form a single tier. N of such tiers are arranged along the main axis of the wind wheel. The upper separating plane of the n-1 tier is the lower separating plane of the n tier. Flaps of each upper tier are displaced relative to the flaps of the closest lower one by the angle α=2π/ k n, where k - quantity of flaps at one tier (k≥3), n - quantity of tiers (n≥2).

EFFECT: lower efficiency, evenness of rotation, reliability and simplification of wind wheel design.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of wind energy, namely to wind turbines with an axis of rotation of the rotor perpendicular to the direction of the wind.

A carousel wind wheel is known that contains a vertical shaft and frame frames fixed on it, onto which flat rectangular blades are pivotally mounted, operating in two modes: the working blades are pressed against the stops, and in order to increase reliability in case of a storm wind, the stops have some dampers located on the wings from the vertical axis; vane - as the blades move in this mode, they rotate in the range from 0 to 180 degrees (see AS CCCP, SU, 1017814 A, class F03D 3/00, 01/05/1982).

A carousel wind wheel is known that contains a vertical shaft and flies mounted symmetrically to it, onto which flat rectangular rotary blades and stops are articulated. Machs are set in n tiers, and on each tier there are more than two mach. The set of tacks of each upper tier is shifted relative to the set of tacks of the lower tier by an angle α = π / 2n, where n is the number of tiers (see A.S. CCCP, SU, 1663226 A1, class F03D 3/06, 04/25/1989).

The main disadvantage of the above devices is the low efficiency, because only 50% of the energy of the wind flow falling on the "swept" area of the device in question is used, containing k (k> 3) swings installed on the vertical axis. In addition, with an increase in the number of tiers n, the shear angle a between the maxi of the lower tier and the upper tiers decreases, creating asymmetry of the structure and provoking unevenness. When viewed from above, we get a thickening of the projections. A rotary wind wheel is known (Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2202048, class F03D 3/00, 02.17.1998), which is taken as a prototype. It contains several L-shaped flaps, consisting of a radial swing and a similarly designed swing, additionally installed perpendicular to the radial and named panel, with flat rectangular blades, stops and stops, with each stop and each blade rotation limiter installed in the fly panel parallel to the axis of rotation the blades. The area of interaction of the stop with the blade is in the plane of the swing, and the rotation limiter is in the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the blade at an angle of 90 degrees. To enhance the rigidity of the structure, the flaps can be interconnected by inter-swing fixing strips. The blades made flat are pivotally mounted with the possibility of rotation around the axis (the axis is fixed on the sheet with a distance of 1/10 ... 1/3 of the blade length from the edge), directly on the horizontal rods of the radial arms or additional panels rigidly fastened to the radial arms.

The disadvantages of this wind wheel include:

- underutilization of the power of the air flow, since the blades have limiters of rotation of 90 degrees and do not completely weather in the idle weather mode, creating resistance to rotation of the wind wheel;

- uneven rotation of the wind wheel, due to the fact that the sets of L-shaped swings are parallel and at the same time there are large pulsations of the moment due to a change in the position of the swings relative to the direction of the wind flow. An increase in the number of swings in one plane for this purpose will complicate the design and reduce the efficiency wind wheels;

- its low reliability, since taking into account the different speeds of the wind flow at different heights in the design of the wind wheel, it is required to increase the strength of the blades, and there is no storm protection in this wind wheel, which is mandatory for real-life wind turbines;

- low efficiency of the wind wheel due to the convergence of part of the wind flow from the moving blade, not only on its outer edge, but also on the upper and lower;

- the complexity of the overall design of the wind wheel

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the wind wheel by increasing the removed power from a unit of "swept" airflow area, increasing the uniformity of rotation of the wind wheel by reducing ripple moment on its axis, simplifying the overall design of the wind wheel and increasing reliability by creating protection of the wind wheel from storm winds and strong gusts of wind.

This task is achieved due to the fact that the carousel wind wheel, containing L-shaped flaps mounted on the vertical axis, consisting of a radial swing and a similarly designed swing, additionally mounted perpendicular to the radial, the blades pivotally mounted in the swivels with the possibility of rotation, equipped with dampers and thrust frames, and the axis of rotation of each blade in the strikes coincides with its nearest lateral edge, while the blades are pressed in the operating mode to the stop frames fixed parallel to the plane of each m aha through dampers to its design, and in the vane mode they accept the direction of air flow without restrictions.

Also, the frame swing can be sandwiched between two dividing planes, structurally forming one tier.

In addition, n such tiers can be located along the main axis of the wind wheel, while the upper dividing plane of the n-1 tier is the lower dividing plane of the n-th tier, the wings of each upper tier are offset from the nearest lower ones by an angle

α = 2π / kn,

where k is the number of swings on one tier (k≥3),

n is the number of tiers (n≥2).

Figure 1 shows the proposed rotary wind wheel, for example, a two-tier (n = 2) without an upper dividing plane for the convenience of describing the design.

In Fig.2 shows a view along section A-A of the carousel of the wind wheel of Fig.1.

Figure 3 shows a wind wheel of n-2 tiers of figure 1 without dividing planes for greater clarity (shows the position of the blades on different tiers and in different sections of the wings with a given direction of the wind flow).

The proposed wind wheel (Fig. 1) contains at least three frame L-shaped flaps 1, mounted on the vertical axis 2 of the carousel wind wheel, and several blades 3, pivotally mounted on each fly 1. The axis of rotation 4 of each blade 3 coincides with its nearest lateral edge . In the operating mode, the blades 3 are pressed against the thrust frames 5, mounted parallel to the plane of each swing 1 through the dampers 6 to its structure, with a wind speed exceeding the permissible values, they provide parallel movement of the thrust frames 5 to a distance less than the width of the blade 3, which leads to the gaps between the blades, reduces the "sailing" of the blades and helps to reduce the power taken. This arrangement of the blades 3, thrust frames 5 and dampers 6 allows you to simplify the overall design of the wind wheel.

To more efficiently use the air flow 7 by the windwheel and increase the reliability of the structure during storm gusts, the L-shaped flaps 1 are sandwiched between two dividing planes 8, which constructively form one tier (Fig. 3). To increase the uniformity of rotation at a constant wind speed, n such tiers are located along the main axis of rotation of the wind wheel, with the upper dividing plane of the n-1 tier being the lower dividing plane of the n-th tier.

The swings of each upper tier are offset relative to the swings of the nearest lower tier

,

,

where k is the number of taps on one tier (k> 3), n is the number of tiers (n> 2). The fulfillment of condition (1) ensures the symmetry of the structure and increase the uniformity of rotation of the carousel under consideration by reducing the zone of change in the position of the wings relative to the direction of the wind flow.

The rotary wind wheel operates in two modes.

In operating mode - the blades 3 of the individual L-shaped flaps 1 are pressed against the thrust frame 5, mounted parallel to the plane of each of the flaps 1, to its structure through dampers 6, which are compressed at an air flow rate exceeding the maximum permissible value, the thrust frame 5 moves away from the working position for a certain distance, but always less than the width of the blade 3, gaps appear between the blades, the pressure of the air flow 7 on the fly 2 and the entire structure of the wind wheel is reduced.

In the vane mode - the blades 3 as they move in this mode rotate in the range from 0 to 180 degrees, take the direction of the air flow 7 and have no limiters.

Thus, the proposed design of a carousel wind wheel allows increasing its efficiency due to the greater power taken from a unit of “swept” airflow area, to protect the wind wheel structure from storms and strong gusts of wind by creating tiers, as well as to increase the uniformity of rotation of the wind wheel and reduce ripple of the moment on the axis of the wind wheel due to the swings in the tiers shifted by a certain angle, to increase reliability by simplifying the design of the swings and connecting them to each other through the section integral planes.

Claims (3)

1. A rotary wind wheel containing L-shaped flails mounted on a vertical axis, consisting of a radial swing and a similarly designed swing, additionally mounted perpendicular to the radial, blades pivotally mounted in the swivels with the possibility of rotation, characterized in that it is equipped with thrust frames and dampers , and the axis of rotation of each blade in the swings coincides with its nearest lateral edge, while the blades are pressed in the operating mode to the thrust frames fixed parallel to the plane of each swing through the dem spheres to its design, and in the vane mode take the direction of the air flow without restrictions. 2. The carousel wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame swing is sandwiched between two dividing planes, structurally forming one tier. 3. The carousel wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that n such tiers are located along the main axis of the wind wheel, with the upper dividing plane of the n-1 tier being the lower dividing plane of the n-th tier, the wings of each upper tier are offset from the nearest lower tiers by an angle
α = 2π / kn,
where k is the number of swings on one tier (k≥3),
n is the number of tiers (n≥2).

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