RU2497381C2 - Fodder preparation method involving soya usage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production and may be used during high quality fodders preparation. The method for seeds processing for feedstuffs production with soya usage involves soaking of a composition of soya and wheat seeds or soya and maize seeds or soya and barley seeds or soya and oat seeds at a ratio of 1:1. The produced seed composition with water at water duty equal to 1:8 is supplied into a blender-extractor- divider. The insoluble remains are separated from the liquid protein base. Then the produced insoluble remains are squeezed with conditioning to moisture content equal to 33-35%, moulded into granules with 4.0 mm diameter and dried in an air agent flow at a temperature of 148-150°C till the granules moisture content is equal to 9-10%.

EFFECT: invention implementation allows to reduce energy intensity of preparation of fodders in a liquid and dry forms, enhance the fodders quality with simultaneous reduction of labour expenditures.

1 dwg, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to feed production, in particular to methods for the preparation of animal feed using soy.

A known method of preparation of feed, including the preparation and mixing of components based on protein-containing raw materials (soy and wheat) in a certain ratio, which are then dissolved in water (Handbook. Combined feed, feed additives and milk replacer for animals (composition and use), edited by Krokhina V. A. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1990. - 304 p. (P. 209). Analog).

The disadvantages of this method are the relatively high cost of labor and funds, due to the preliminary receipt of heat-treated soybean flour, as well as wheat flour on special processing lines and equipment.

Closest to the claimed method is the preparation of soy protein feed, in which a soy protein base is obtained by extracting protein from soy raw materials in the form of heat-treated grains, an insoluble residue is separated, mixed with wheat and barley with simultaneous heat treatment by extrusion (RF Patent No. 2290833. Method preparation of soy protein feed. IPC ⁷ A23K 1/14, A23L 1/20. Prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is the relatively high energy consumption of obtaining soya grains, as well as the relatively low quality of animal feed due to the loss of nutrients in protein-containing raw materials (insoluble soybean residue, wheat, barley) due to exposure to high temperatures during extrusion.

The objective of the present invention is to reduce the energy intensity of preparation of feeds of liquid and dry form, as well as improving their quality, while reducing labor costs.

A method of processing seeds to obtain feed using soy, comprising soaking a composition of seeds of soy and wheat, or seeds of soy and corn, or seeds of soy and barley, or seeds of soy and oats in a ratio of 1: 1, feeding the resulting composition of seeds with water with a hydraulic module 1 : 8 to the grinder-extractor-separator, separating the insoluble residue from the liquid protein base, squeezing the resulting insoluble residue to bring it to a moisture content of 33-35%, molding it into granules with a diameter of 4.0 mm and drying in a stream of air agent with a temperature of 14 8-150 ° C until the granules reach a moisture content of 9-10%.

The technical result consists in the fact that this method allows to obtain high-quality high-protein liquid and dry feeds, balanced in terms of the main nutrients - amino acids, lipids, minerals and vitamins with relatively low energy and labor costs.

Example. To obtain high-quality liquid protein base and animal feed while reducing energy and labor costs, take compositions (see drawing) based on pre-soaked seeds, in a container - 1, soy and wheat, or soy and corn, or soy and barley, or soy and oats in a ratio of 1: 1 and carry out their supply together with water with a hydraulic module of 1: 8 (composition: water) into a chopper-extractor-separator - 2. This hydraulic module gives an optimum solids content in the base of 7.5% with a balanced ratio of essential amino acids by. In this case, a protein base is obtained due to the extraction of protein from the seeds of the raw materials used, which accumulates in a tank of 3. With a seed ratio of 1: 1, used protein-containing raw materials, the proteins of the liquid fraction (protein base) are mutually enriched, as well as the insoluble residue in terms of amino acid composition , lipids, vitamins and minerals (tables 1 and 2).

The insoluble residue, separated in the grinder-extractor-separator - 2 from the liquid protein base, is fed to the device - 4 for squeezing the liquid fraction from the insoluble residue. In this device - 4, the liquid is pressed, in connection with which the moisture content of the insoluble residue (BUT) decreases from 74% to 33-35%. When the moisture content of HO is lower than 33%, granules with a diameter of 4.0 mm are not formed, crumble due to their high crumbling. At a moisture content of more than 35%, the granules do not keep their shape (spread).

The squeezed part of the liquid fraction is accumulated in the tank - 5, from where it is then fed into the tank - 3. At the same time, the insoluble residue is fed into the granulator - 6. The granules formed in it with a diameter of 4.0 mm are fed to the tray - 7. Then the tray - 7 placed in a drying cabinet - 8 (for example - "Universal" - ESPIS-4 with nine drying modes). The granules on the mesh trays are blown with a stream of hot agent (air) with a temperature of 148-150 ° until the granules reach a moisture content of 9-10%.

Tables 1 and 2 provide data on the quality (feed and biological value) of the obtained feed.

Table 1 Chemical composition (%) and energy value (kcal / 100 g) of raw materials and grain compositions Raw materials and grain compositions Water Squirrels Fats Carbohydrates Minerals Energetic
kaya value Soybean 12.0 39.2 20,2 24.5 4.1 436.6 Oat 14.0 11.9 6.1 63.0 3.0 303.0 Corn 14.0 8.3 1.8 74,2 1.7 337.0 Wheat 14.0 12.7 1,1 71.3 0.9 335.0 Barley 14.0 11,4 2,3 70.3 1.7 324.0 Cereal compositions based on: Soy and oats 10.0 25.6 14.9 46,4 3,1 382.9 Soy and corn 10.8 23.9 12.52 50.7 2.06 395.2 Soy and wheat 10.8 25,4 11.52 50,2 2.08 392.4 Soy and Barley 10.8 25,2 12.5 49.3 2.14 390.0

Analysis of the data in Table 1, as well as calculations show that in the compositions the protein content is 2.18-3.0 times higher, and lipids 2.48-10.4 times higher than the corresponding types of grain. In this case, the carbohydrate content in the compositions is less than in grain by 1.4-1.5 times. Accordingly, the content of mineral substances in the compositions is 1.3–2.3 times higher. The energy value of the compositions is also higher than that of the corresponding types of grain by 52.6-90.0 kcal / 100 g.

table 2 The content of essential amino acids (A, g / 100 g) and amino acid rate (C,%) of protein in grain and grain compositions Essential Amino Acids (NAC) Grain and composition Wheat Soya Wheat Composition Barley Soya Barley Composition Oats Soya-oatmeal composition Corn Soya corn composition BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM BUT FROM Valine 5.5 110 5.66 113 4.8 96 5.24 104 4.73 95 5.20 104 4.16 83 4.86 97 Isoleucine 5.3 132 5.22 130 4.6 115 4.80 120 3.90 97 4.38 110 3.12 78 3.91 98 Leucine 8.13 116 7.84 112 5.1 72 6.02 86 7.00 one hundred 7.16 103 12.82 183 10.66 152 Lysine 2.65 48 3.87 70 3,5 63 4.38 80 4.20 76 4.80 87 2.47 45 3.76 68 Methionine + cystine 4.0 114 3.56 102 3.6 102 3.32 95 3.70 106 3.38 97 2.9 83 3.36 96 Threonine 3.18 80 3.47 86 2,5 62 3.06 76 3,50 87 3.66 90 2.47 61 3.04 76 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 8.8 146 8.3 136 8.2 136 7.92 132 9.10 152 8.46 141 8.4 140 8.04 134 Tryptophan 1,2 120 1,2 120 1,2 120 1.20 120 1.70 170 1,50 150 0.67 67 0.88 88 ∑LOOK 38.76 108,2 39.12 108.6 33.5 93 37.15 103 37.83 105 38.54 107 37.0 102 37.86 105 Amino acid limiting Liz 48 Liz 70 Liz 63 Ley 86 Liz 76 Liz 87 Val-83 Liz 67 Tr-80 Tr-86 Tr-62 Tr-76 Tr-80 Tr-90 Out of 78 Liz 45 Tr-76 Met-83 Tr-61 Tr-88 Tr-67

Analysis of the data presented in table 2 shows that the total content of essential amino acids in the compositions is higher than in the grain of the corresponding type. At the same time, the energy intensity of the proposed method is 1.78 times less in comparison with analogues. According to the proposed method, the energy intensity is 0.42 kW · h / kg, and according to the existing one - 0.75 kW · h / kg.

Claims (1)

A method of processing seeds to obtain feed using soy, comprising soaking a composition of seeds of soy and wheat, or seeds of soy and corn, or seeds of soy and barley, or seeds of soy and oats, taken in a ratio of 1: 1, feeding the resulting seed composition with water at 1: 8 hydromodule into a grinder-extractor-separator, separating the insoluble residue from the liquid protein base, pressing the resulting insoluble residue to bring it to a moisture content of 33-35%, molding it into granules with a diameter of 4.0 mm and drying in a stream of air agent with tempera ture 148-150 ° C until a moisture content of 9-10% granules.