RU2496682C2 - Multicanopy parachute system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to people rescue devices. Proposed system comprises canopies with shroud lines. Every canopy is made of fabric that features a zero air penetration or that approximating thereto. Said lines features fan-out points to inner and outer branches of equal length. Fan-out branch is located at the distance not exceeding 0.35 of canopy diameter from its bottom edge. Outer branch is secured to canopy bottom edge while inner branch is secured to canopy outer surface. Point of inner branch attachment to canopy inner surface is located 0.35-0.13 of canopy diameter from bottom edge. Every canopy has central line.

EFFECT: decreased minimum safe height landing speed.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device designed to save people in emergency situations, mainly for lowering people from the upper floors of high-altitude objects in case of fire or other emergency situations.

A device is known for emergency descent of a person from a high-altitude object (patent RU 2288758 dated June 1, 2005, IPC B64D 25/14, A62B 1/00) containing a support element in the form of a satchel equipped with means for attaching it to the back of a person being saved and connected through an intermediate membrane with a parachute folded in it. The parachute includes inflatable chambers designed to form the upper and lower bases of the pneumatic frame when they are supercharged, forming an elastic skirt that forms a cone-shaped brake screen when it is connected to the inflatable chambers. The gas source is bonded to the satchel and communicated with the inflatable chambers through flexible flexible gas pipelines. The inflatable chambers for forming the landing nacelle are made in the form of a lower base and struts forming a frame and communicating with the lower base of the pneumatic frame, while the landing nacelle is provided with vertical and horizontal partitions, lower and upper, forming cavities, holes are made in the lower partition, and the upper the partition is fastened with the lower base of the pneumatic frame and with a satchel. This device has the following disadvantages:

- the presence of sealed tubes in the device, as well as a container with gas, leads to an increase in the mass of the device;

- the presence in the device of a sealed system complicates its operation, reduces the reliability of its operation, degrades performance.

A device for opening a parachute is known (patent RU 2285638 dated 01/27/2005, IPC B64D 17/72), which contains a first balloon configured to lift and straighten the canopy of the parachute when it is filled with hydrogen or helium, and a second balloon for storage hydrogen or helium, and a hose with a shut-off device for filling the first balloon from the second balloon. The device is intended for placement in a satchel. The second balloon is located on the outside of the satchel. There are sticky textile materials or expandable seams designed to open the knapsack while increasing the volume of the first balloon when filling from the second balloon to release the dome and the first balloon and jointly lift them up.

This device has the following disadvantages:

- the presence of a sealed container in the device, as well as a container with gas, leads to an increase in the mass of the device;

- the presence in the device of a sealed system complicates its operation, reduces the reliability of its operation, degrades performance.

Known Atair Aerospace parachute system consisting of 7 parachutes connected to each other along a contact line, in the center of the domes there is a pole hole. A corrugation device is installed on the slings to reduce dynamic loads when opening parachutes. This parachute system is designed for the delivery of goods and personnel.

This device has the following disadvantages:

- the presence of a corrugation device slows down the process of opening the parachute, which leads to an increase in the minimum safe height;

- parachutes connected to a cluster have greater aerodynamic drag than disconnected ones, but the effect is achieved only by connecting them;

- the absence of additional lines increases the length of the system in the elongated state, which increases the minimum safe height;

- the system is designed based on the condition of equal strength, which in the case of engagement with the protruding elements of the building can lead to a hang and thereby reduce security.

Known parachute (Patent SU 1839923 from 01/07/1988, IPC B64D 17/02) containing a dome made of radial panels, the lateral edges of which on the sections of the radial panels are made according to the curves of the second order, and the main slings. The parachute is equipped with additional slings connecting the main slings with the inner surface of the corresponding radial panels of the dome.

However, a parachute with this design has a significant drawback:

This parachute ensures reliable operation from heights of at least 200 m when leaving the flying aircraft at a speed of 38.9-111.1 m / s (140-400 km / h). The single-domed parachute system has a long elongated length, which increases the minimum safe height. When a single-dome system is put into operation at low speeds, the pressure head is not sufficient to fill the system in a sufficiently short time, which also increases the minimum application height.

The prototype of the invention is a multi-dome parachute system (patent RU 2042578 from 08/11/92, IPC B64D 17/06), consisting of several domes, including a cloth located along the axis of the system and connected to all its domes. The disadvantage of this parachute system is that when it is introduced at low altitudes (upper floors of high-altitude objects) and low speeds, the pressure head is not sufficient to fill it in a short time, so it is not possible to use this system to save people from the upper floors of high-altitude objects .

Parachute systems designed specifically to save people in emergencies from the upper floors of high-rise buildings without the use of special pneumatic means are currently not known.

The presented solution is aimed at reducing the minimum safe altitude and speed of entering the parachute system and expanding the arsenal of tools to solve the problem of saving people in emergencies from the upper floors of high-altitude objects.

The problem is achieved due to the fact that in a multi-dome parachute system containing canopies with slings, the canopies are made of fabric with zero or close to zero air permeability, and the slings of each canopy are made with a branch point on the external and internal branches, while the lengths of both branches are equal between each other, and the mentioned branch point is located at a distance of not more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge, while the outer branch is fixed on the lower edge of the dome, and the inner is fixed on the inner turn NOSTA dome, wherein the attachment point to the internal branches of the inner surface of the dome is spaced 0,35-015 dome diameter from its lower edge, and each provided with a central dome sling.

As experimental studies have shown, increasing the length of the branches (external and internal) of the lines and placing the branch point at a distance of more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge leads to a significant increase in the time for their opening and a sharp decrease in the safety of the parachute system. Securing the inner branch of the slings on the inner surface of the dome outside the range 035-0.15 also leads to a sharp decrease in the safety of the parachute system.

Such a constructive implementation of a multi-dome parachute system ensures its rapid filling and subsequent effective braking, which allows to obtain a drag coefficient close to the drag coefficient of a flat plate located at an angle of 90 degrees to the flow, and this is the maximum possible value. The greatest effect is achieved when the external and internal branches of the slings are equal to 0.25 of the diameter of the dome. The points of attachment of the inner and outer branches of one sling lie on the same radius of the dome, and the point of attachment of the inner branches of the slings to the inner surface of the dome is located at a distance of 0.25 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge.

As tests have shown, the most optimal case is when the length of the lines from the common point of connection of the lines of each dome to the point of attachment to the dome, both along the internal and external branches, as well as the length of the central line are equal to the diameter of the dome.

Pockets can be installed along the edge of the canopy above the attachment points of the outer row of lines, which will also lead to an increase in the effect and to an increase in the speed of the parachute opening.

The lower edge of each dome and the external branches of the slings, and their attachment points can be made as tared links that break at a certain load (when engaged in structural elements of the building or objects located on the building). Calibrated links are known per se, but are not used in the power structure of parachutes. parachute systems are designed on the principle of equal strength.

This technical solution allows the use of a parachute when saving people from the upper floors of high-altitude objects.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive multi-dome parachute system differs from the known one for fabric domes with zero or close to zero air permeability, for supplying domes with a central sling, and for making slings for each dome with a branch point on the outer and inner branches, while the lengths of both branches are equal to each other, and the mentioned branch point is located at a distance of not more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge, while the outer branch is fixed on the lower edge of ol, and the inner fixed on the inner surface of the dome, wherein the attachment point to the internal branches of the inner surface of the dome is spaced 0,35-015 dome diameter from its lower edge.

Thus, the claimed parachute system meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Comparison of features distinctive from the prototype with other technical solutions in the field of parachute construction shows that a parachute is currently known (patent SU 1839923 dated 01/07/1988, IPC B64D 17/02) containing a dome made of radial panels, the lateral edges of which are on radial sections the panels are made according to the curves of the second order, and the main slings are fixed on the lower edge of the dome. The parachute is equipped with additional slings connecting the main slings with the inner surface of the corresponding radial panels of the dome. The implementation of the main lines fixed on the lower edge and additional lines fixed on the inner surface of the dome and on the main line, together with other features of this invention, is aimed at improving the reliability of the functioning of the parachute and creating the possibility of removing one parachute from the shading of another parachute. This parachute, as noted above, cannot be used to save people from the upper floors of high-altitude objects, since when the system is put into operation at low speeds, the pressure head is not sufficient to fill the system. For the average specialist, the ways and means of finalizing this system to ensure its use to save people from the upper floors of high-rise objects are not obvious.

The use of domes made of fabric with zero or close to zero air permeability in a multi-domed parachute system, supplying the domes with a central sling, and external and internal branches of the slings, equal to each other and not exceeding a value of 0.35 of the dome diameter, as well as fixing the inner branch to the inner the surface of the dome at a distance of 0.35-0.15 of the diameter of the dome from the bottom edge, that is, using the totality of the features of the invention allows you to solve the problem of saving people from the upper floors otnyh objects.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- Fig 1 shows a view of a sling system of a conditionally filled parachute;

- figure 2 shows a plan view of an octagonal dome;

- figure 3 shows a dome view of a circular shape in plan;

- figure 4 shows a view of the connection of the domes at the point of contact;

- figure 5 shows the parachute system in an extended state;

- figure 6 shows the parachute system in a filled state.

A multi-dome parachute system contains several domes 1 (Fig. 1), Domes 1 are made of fabric with zero or close to zero air permeability, and have a polygonal shape, for example, an octahedron (Fig. 2) or a round shape, a flat circle in a cut (Fig. 3) ) The dome 1 can have a horizontal cut and can be performed, for example, without a power frame. The slings 2 of the dome 1 are made with a branch point 3 on the outer 4 and inner 5 branches (figure 1). The outer 4 branch of the sling 2 is fixed on the lower edge 6 of the dome 1, and the inner 5 branch is at the attachment point 7 on the inner surface of the dome 1. The lengths of the outer 4 and inner 5 branches of the sling 2 are equal to each other and are no more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome, at the same time, branch point 3 is located at a distance of not more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome. The attachment points of the inner 5 and outer 4 branches of one sling 2 lie on the same radius of the dome 1. The attachment point of 7 inner 5 branches of the sling 2 is located at a distance of 0.35-0.15 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge 6. The most optimal embodiment is when the attachment point 7 of the inner 5 branches of the sling 2 is located at a distance of 0.25 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge 6, while the length of the outer 4 and inner 5 branches is 0.25 of the diameter of the dome, and the branch point of the 3 slings of 2 to the outer 4 and inner 5 branches located at a distance 0.25 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge 6. As tests have shown, the most optimal case is when the length of the lines from the common point of connection of the lines to the point of attachment to the dome, both along the internal and external branches, as well as the length of the central line are equal the diameter of the dome.

Above all or some of the attachment points 10 of the outer 4 branches of the sling 2 are installed, for example, pockets 11, which allow to increase the speed of opening of parachutes. Pockets are made of impervious fabric, for example. The dome 1 is attached to the suspension system 12 (not shown) at one point inside the satchel 13. On the bottom 14 of the satchel 13, honeycombs 15 are mounted for laying the slings 2. The outer 4 branches of the slings 2, their attachment points and the lower edge 6 of the dome 1 are made, for example, as explosive elements, which allows to increase the reliability of the parachute system, when the parachute is engaged on the protrusions of buildings. Domes 1 can be interconnected, for example, at contact points (Fig. 4).

The multi-domed parachute system ensures reliable operation when the valves of the knapsack 13 are forced to be stripped with an exhaust rope 16 hooked to the structural elements of the object, for example, pipes, followed by pulling the domes 1 out of the knapsack 13 (the domes 1 can be additionally laid, for example, in a case or camera) . After the system is fully extended, the breaking link 17 is destroyed and then the domes 1 of the system are filled and reduced, while the exhaust rope 16 remains at the object.

This invention is aimed at reducing the minimum safe height and speed of the input of the parachute system, as well as expanding the arsenal of tools to solve the problem of saving people in emergencies from the upper floors of high-altitude objects.

Claims (5)

1. A multi-dome parachute system containing domes with slings, characterized in that the domes are made of fabric with zero or close to zero air permeability, and the slings of each dome are made with a branch point on the outer and inner branches, while the lengths of both branches are equal to each other, and the mentioned branch point is located at a distance of not more than 0.35 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge, while the external branch is fixed on the lower edge of the dome, and the internal is fixed on the inner surface of the dome, while and the fastening of the inner branch to the inner surface of the dome is located at a distance of 0.35-0.15 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge, and each dome is equipped with a central sling. 2. The multi-dome parachute system according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the external and internal branches of the lines is 0.25 of the diameter of the dome, while the point of attachment of the internal branches of the lines to the inner surface of the dome is located at a distance of 0.25 of the diameter of the dome from its lower edge , and the length of the central sling and the length of each sling from the common point of connection of the slings of each dome to the point of attachment to it, both along the internal and external branches, is equal to the diameter of the dome. 3. The multi-domed parachute system according to claim 1, characterized in that pockets are installed over all or some of the points of attachment of the external branches of the lines. 4. The multi-domed parachute system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower edge of the domes, the outer branches of the lines and their attachment points are made as tared bursting elements. 5. The multi-domed parachute system according to claim 1, characterized in that the domes are interconnected at points of contact.

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