RU2494951C1 - Discharge-fill platform - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to handling devices intended for railway viscous products transfer jobs. Proposed platform comprises circulation main line and discharge manifold, said main line being composed of at least two circulation circuits, heated tank, pump and heat exchanger. Main line two circuits are communicated via manifold with shutoff valve and accessories. Manifold one end is connected to main line section located between separator and heat exchanger while second end is connected to section downstream of heat exchange and second separator separating main line pressure section from suction section, product discharge pipe is connected to pressure section upstream of said first separator.

EFFECT: higher efficiency due to circulation main line incorporating discharge manifold, said main line being composed of at least two circulation circuits.

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Description

The invention relates to loading and unloading devices, intended primarily for transshipment of viscous, liquid products in railway transport.

The invention can be used in the design, construction and modernization of overpasses, including the conversion of bulk and unloading overpasses into combined (universal) overflow racks.

Known overpass for filling light-hardening products (VUP SNE87, Appendix 5), containing a circulation line with a blocked product transfer line connected to it; at least one heated reservoir, at least one pump and at least one heat exchanger, connected in series to the main, connected, in turn, by means of at least one loading device of the trestle with at least one vehicle.

The overpass analog is characterized by the following disadvantages.

1. An overpass is narrowly specialized in filling products and therefore cannot be used, for example, to drain excess product from a vehicle resulting from a malfunction of the loading control system and / or operator error.

2. The narrow specialization of the analogue forces the construction of additional drain racks in places of transshipment of liquid cargo, which increases material costs, although the analogue uses the same equipment as on the drain racks.

Marked disadvantages reduce the effectiveness of the analogue.

For the closest analogue accepted overpass described in patent RU No. 2260552, IPC B65D 88/74, B65G 69/20, publ. September 20, 2005. “A method for heating and draining highly viscous products from a container and a device for its implementation”.

The device described in the closest analogue comprises at least one circulation line with a product transfer line connected to it; one heated tank, one pump and one heat exchanger (heater), connected in series to the highway, connected, in turn, via the loading device of the flyover with at least one vehicle; one drain device, through which at least one vehicle is connected to a drain manifold drain manifold; shut-off valves and disconnecting elements installed in the trunk and manifold.

The closest analogue is characterized by the following disadvantages.

1. The closest analogue is narrowly specialized and, despite the presence of a filling device, it cannot be used for the purpose of loading into a vehicle a product taken to an overpass from an external source.

2. The drain of the preheated, easy-setting product is carried out under hydrostatic pressure into a collector that is not heated by standard equipment of the flyover, which increases at least the drain time.

3. It is planned to place a drain device, which, in addition to the block (pre-mash), which regulates the device performance, also has a reservoir with a starting stock of the product and a high-temperature heater in each span, that is along the front of the flyover. This increases material costs and, in addition, for reasons of fire safety (clause 2, 24 of VUP SNE 87), the heater must be moved outside the flyover.

The invention solves the problem of expanding the functionality of a flyover by using it for filling and draining viscous products by introducing a drain manifold into the circulation line and executing the line in the form of at least two circulation circuits.

To obtain the desired technical result in the known rack for draining viscous products containing a circulation line with an overlapped product transfer line connected to it, at least one heated reservoir, at least one pump and at least one heat exchanger connected in series to the highway connected by at least one loading device of the flyover with at least one vehicle, at least one drain device, by means of At least one vehicle is connected to the drain manifold collector, it is proposed to divide the line using disconnecting elements into at least two circulation circuits connected by a collector, at the ends of which install shutoff valves, and connect one end of the collector to a section of the line between the first disconnecting element and the heat exchanger, and the second end to the section after the heat exchanger and the second disconnecting element separating the pressure section of the line from asyvayuschego, and, to the discharge portion, to connect the first element razobschitelnogo closable drain pipe product.

The arrangement of the loading rack explains the attached diagram. The overpass contains a circulation line 1, consisting of at least two circulation circuits - internal 2 and external 3. At least one heated reservoir 4 (heating circuit not shown) is connected in series to the internal circuit 2 by means of a feed pipe 5, which is blocked gate valve 6; at least one pump 7 with a bypass 8 blocked by bypass equipment 9; the first uncoupling element 10; at least one heat exchanger 11 and a second uncoupling element 12, which divides the circuit 2 into two sections: pressure head 13 and suction 14, moreover, a product transfer line 15 with a shut-off element 16 is connected to the suction section 14, and connected to the pressure section 13 to the first uncoupling element 10 of the discharge pipe 17 with a locking body 18.

The external circuit 3 is formed by: a filling device 19, the input of which through the shutoff valve 20 is connected to the pressure section 13 in the gap between the uncoupling elements 10 and 12, and the output of the device 19 is connected to the vehicle 21 through the lower channels 22 and the upper 23, which are part of the device 19 filling with built-in shut-off valves 24 and 25, respectively; a drain device 26 connected to the means 21 using a drain channel 27 in which the shut-off valve 28 is installed; a drain manifold 29, to which the outlet of the drain device 26 is connected via a shutoff valve 30, moreover, the collector 29 is equipped at both ends with two units of shutoff valves: the first 31 and second 32, and the first end with the fittings 31 is cut into the pressure section 13 after the isolation element 10 but before the heat exchanger 11, and the second end with the valve 32 is connected to the suction section 14, after the uncoupling element 12; a vehicle 21, connecting the filling device 19 to the drain device 26. In the absence of the means 21, hydraulic communication between the two devices 19 and 26 can be carried out through at least a temporary technological bridge (not shown in the diagram) connecting the lower filling channel 22 with a drain channel 27. The reservoir 4 is connected at the top by means of a filling pipe 33 with a built-in valve 34 with the pressure section 13 of the circuit 2.

As a result of the above connections and connections connecting circuits 2 and 3, a single circulation line 1 is formed.

The composition of bulk 19 and drain 26 devices includes a block (dispenser) of filling 35 and a block (dispenser) of discharge 36, designed to regulate the performance of both devices 19 and 26 and made in the form of well-known flow controllers, which can vary in design (equipment). The following is meant.

1. Blocks (dispensers) 35 and 36 contain standard flow regulators (dispensers), controlled by a given volume of product transfer by changing the flow area of the regulator.

2. One block (dispenser) 35 is made in the form of a regulator, and the second block (dispenser) 36 contains as a flow regulator, for example, a positive displacement pump with a variable frequency drive, both blocks (dispenser) 35 and 36, are controlled according to the set volumes product transfer.

3. Blocks (dispensers) 35 and 36 contain, as flow regulators, for example, volumetric pumps.

There may be other options for picking blocks (dispensers) 35 and 36, however, this does not change the essence of the invention. A common feature of the control system blocks (dispensers) 35 and 36 is the ability to synchronize the performance of loading and unloading.

The heat exchanger 11 is combined, i.e. carrying out heating or cooling of products, depending on the physicochemical properties of the latter and the mode of operation of the flyover.

The overpass operates in the following modes.

1. Warming up pipeline communications and overpass equipment before loading and draining the product.

The starting stock of the product located in the tank 4 is heated to a temperature that ensures the fluidity of the product. The latter, with the valve open 6 through the pipe 5, flows by gravity to the suction section 14 of the inner circuit 2 and then to the suction of the pump 7, warming up the indicated piping communications and pump 7. Then, the disconnecting elements 10 and 12, the shut-off valves 31 and 32 are opened, the heat exchanger 11 is activated as a heater, the pump 7 starts. Under the pressure of the latter, the product, passing the existing heater 11, is additionally heated and moving further along the pressure section 13, the collector 29 and the suction section 14 of the circulation circuit 2 This line 1, heats up the pump 7 and the indicated piping communications circuit 2 to the desired temperature.

2. Pouring the product into the vehicle 21. When the flyover is operating in mode 1, the shut-off member 16 opens and the product transfer line 15 is connected to the suction section 14 of circuit 2 of line 1, and the filling device 19 is also activated. For activation, the shut-off valve 20 and the shut-off distribution valves 24 and / or 25, the filling unit (dispenser) 35 is brought into operation. As a result, under the pressure of the pump 7, which receives the product through an open line 15 from an external source (not shown in the diagram), the product is supplied with a flow rate of nnym unit (dispenser) 35 in the vehicle 21 to the open bottom 22 and / or upper 23 channels loading.

In the event of an emergency - overfilling with the product of the vehicle 21, it is necessary to lower the level of the product in it to the standard value. This task, depending on the configuration of the drain device 26, can be solved by two options for the operation of the flyover.

First option. If the block (dispenser) drain 36 is made in the form of a flow regulator with a variable flow cross-section, then after opening the shut-off valves 28 and 30, activating the block (dispenser) 36, opening the valve 32, stopping the filling device 19, stopping or restricting the entry to the overpass loadable product by closing or covering the shut-off body 16, the excess product from the vehicle 21 through the drain channel 27, the operating pump 7 is fed:

- into the tank 4 through the open valve 34 through the pipe 33, replenishing the starting supply of product in the tank 4;

- to other vehicles (not shown in the diagram) connected to the overpass and not poured to the standard level.

After eliminating the overfilling of the vehicle 21, the overpass returns to the normal product loading mode described above.

The second option. When the block (dispenser) 36 is made in the form of a volumetric pump, the latter pumps out an excess volume of the product from the means 21 to receive the active pump 7 without limiting the capacity of the flyover. In this case, the excess volume is mixed with the main stream of the loaded product and then the total stream is redistributed in the loading mode of all vehicles.

When loading, for example, a low-viscosity product containing volatile fractions, the heat exchanger 11 functions as a cooler. To do this, instead of the coolant, coolant is supplied to it (the circuits for supplying one and the other agent to the heat exchanger 11 are not shown in the diagram).

3. Starting and circulation heating of the product in the vehicle 21.

3.1. The overpass is heated in the manner described in section 1 "Heating of pipeline communications ...". The current pump 7 receives through the open feed pipe 5 the starting volume of the product (~ 300-500 l) and feeds it through the existing heater 11, the filling device 19 and the unit (dispenser) 35, configured to supply a given volume of the product, through the open shut-off and distribution valve 24 along the lower filling channel 22 to the lower part of the means 21. As a result of a similar hot-sweeping other heating in the area of the drain channel 27, a “lens” of the heated product is formed, having a fluidity sufficient for further circulation heating the product throughout the vehicle 21.

3.2. Circulation heating can be carried out in two ways, depending on the configuration of the unit (dispenser) 36.

3.2.1. When the unit (dispenser) 36 is equipped according to the first embodiment, the heated product with a given flow rate flows through the collector 29 through the open valve 32 to the suction of the active pump 7. Under the pressure of the latter, the product passes through the open disconnecting element 10 and the operating heater 11, where the product is additionally warms up. Then the product enters the operating filling device 19, the unit (dispenser) 35 of which is adjusted to supply a product volume identical to the volume discharged through the unit (dispenser) 36 of the drain device 26. As a result, a circuit of the heated product is formed, composed of circuits 2 and 3, forming a circulation line 1. As the product warms up and the “lens” increases in the means 21, the shut-off and disconnecting valve 25 opens and through the upper filling channel 23, the heated product enters the upper part of the means 21, warming up erhny and middle layers of the product. The performance of the pump 7 is regulated, for example, bypassing part of the product bypass 8, moreover, the throughput of the latter is regulated by the bypass apparatus 9.

3.2.2. If the unit (dispenser) 36 is equipped with a volumetric pump (according to options 2 and / or 3), then the heated product, depending on the tactics of heating and subsequent discharge, can be pumped along the overpass in two directions:

- the pump of the block (dispenser) 36 receives the heated product through the drain channel 27 and directs it with a given flow rate to the collector 29 through the open fittings 31, the existing heat exchanger (heater) 11 and the filling device 19 functioning at the same flow rate along the lower 22 and / or upper 23 loading channels to the vehicle 21;

- the pump of the unit (dispenser) 36 receives the preheated product in the manner described above and directs it at a predetermined flow rate to the collector 29 through the open valve 32, the bypass 8 with the open equipment 9 bypassing the pump 7, the existing heater 11 and then to the filling device 19, adjusted for the passage the volume of the product, identical to the drained volume through the device 26. As a result, the product in the vehicle 21 is heated without overflow outside the means 21.

4. Draining the product from the vehicle 21.

Drain is a natural continuation of the operation of circulation heating of the product, because can be carried out simultaneously with the final stage of warming up or at the end of it, at both stages and regardless of which pump, i.e. pump 7 or a pump as part of a block (dispenser) 36, * the product is drained through the discharge pipe 17 with the shut-off body 18 open.

According to paragraph 3.2.1, the pump 7 receives the heated product from the means 21 and delivers it to the open discharge pipe 17 with the gradual restriction and / or termination of the supply of the product through the filling device 19.

According to paragraph 3.2.2, the pump as part of the drain device 26 delivers the product to the open drain pipe 17 through the open disconnecting elements 31 or 32. In the latter case, the product enters the pipe 17 through the open bypass 8 (with the pump 7 inactive) or to the suction of the active pump 7 when the freight fleet is located at a considerable distance from the overpass and additional pressure is required to maintain the desired discharge performance.

The discharge process may be accompanied by replenishment of the starting stock of product in the tank 4 after opening the valve 34 on the pipe 33.

5. Removal of the product from pipeline communications and overpass equipment.

Product removal takes place in the absence of vehicle 21 on the overpass. The operation is performed with the pump 7 operating, open shut-off and control valves 24 and 25, shut-off valves 32, uncoupling element 12, unlocked for the passage of the product and the air in bulk 19 and drain 26 devices. The drained and pumped product through the open pipe 17 is removed from the overpass.

6. Washing of pipelines and overpass equipment from product deposits.

This mode is practiced when changing the type of product being transshipped, and the direction of movement of the washing liquid media is similar to the direction of movement of the product in modes 1 and 3.

In the tank 4 is placed a supply of detergent, which is heated in this tank to the operating temperature. Channels 22 and 27 are bridged with a temporary (technological) jumper (not shown in the diagram), and under channel 23, for example, a mobile drain technological tank is installed (not shown in the diagram). At the positions of the shutoff valves, uncoupling elements and other shutoff elements unlocked for the passage of the washing medium in devices 19 and 26, the pump 7 starts, receiving the heated medium from the tank 4 and pumping the medium in the circulation mode along line 1 and its circuits 2 and 3. The washed products under the pressure of the pump 7 at the end of this mode are discharged into the tank 4 through the pipe 33 with the open valve 34 and / or the same pump 7 are removed outside the trestle through the open pipe 17, and the principle of medium removal is similar to ntsipu product removal mode according 5. Thus:

- the technical solution described above is multi-purpose and universal, since all the components of the overflow loading rack are in demand in all operating modes of such structures and, therefore, the equipment of the rack is minimized;

- the high-temperature heater 11, which is common for the entire flyover, connected to the internal circuit 2, is removed outside the part of the flyover where the transfer of fire hazardous products takes place, i.e. beyond the front of the flyover;

- all pipeline communications of the flyover, including the drain manifold 29, can be heated by the product being transshipped and warmed up in this connection using standard equipment of the flyover.

From the description of the structure of the flyover and the principle of its operation, it follows that the flyover can also be used for transshipment, in particular, loading low-viscosity and other products containing volatile fractions since the heat exchanger 11 can function in the cooler mode.

Based on the foregoing, it can be stated that the task of expanding the functionality of the overpass by creating a universal filling station was completed.

Claims (1)

A loading ramp for transshipment of predominantly viscous products, comprising a circulation line with an overlapped product transfer line connected to it, at least one heated reservoir, at least one pump and at least one heat exchanger connected in series to the main connected by at least one loading device of an overpass with at least one vehicle, at least one discharge device, through which at least one the vehicle is connected with a drain manifold drain manifold, characterized in that the highway is separated by means of disconnecting elements into at least two circulation circuits connected by a manifold, at the ends of which a stop valve is installed, one end of the collector connected to the section of the highway between the first uncoupling element and a heat exchanger, and the second end to the area after the heat exchanger and the second uncoupling element separating the pressure section of the line from the suction, and to the pressure section to the first uncoupling element is connected to an overlapping outlet pipe of the product.

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