RU2492098C2 - Surface ship propulsion complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine propulsion complexes to operated at various speeds in freezing sea conditions. Surface ship propulsion complex equipped with, at least, one dipped nacelle consists of a tractor propeller and pusher water-jet. Tractor propeller is mounted at nacelle head end. Pusher water-jet is built in nacelle tail end. Said propeller and water-jet can be operated separately and jointly.

EFFECT: higher survivorship.

3 dwg

Description

A vessel with the described propulsion system refers to those displacement vessels that are designed to operate at different speeds (long, short, medium, full speed, multi-mode) in freezing seas. Such vessels include, for example, rescue, environmental, hydrographic, environmental monitoring, ferry and other specialized vessels and ships. The following requirements are presented to them, in particular:

- the ability to safely (without damage to the structures and technical equipment of the vessel) move at the initial stages of freezing of the seas (ice category from Ice 1 to Arc 4 - finely crushed ice from 0.3 m to 0.8 m thick);

- driving efficiency (at the maximum achievable efficiency of an optimally designed propeller).

As a rule, these requirements are practically incompatible for the following reasons:

- on ordinary ships, broken ice is moved apart by the hull, sucked under the bottom and, moving along the bottom to the stern, inevitably gets into the drive of the propulsive mover and damages the relatively thin blades of an optimally designed mover;

- in order to avoid such damage to harden the blades, they thicken, which affects the efficiency of the propulsion device.

In this situation, the ship's designer has to make a choice depending on the priority of these requirements:

- or provide a high level of profitability of the vessel with a high level of risk of damage to the mover in the conditions of broken ice;

- or to provide the strength (survivability) of the mover while reducing its efficiency.

So, for example, on icebreakers, the task of ensuring the strength of the propellers is a priority at the expense of their economy.

The objectives of the present invention are to overcome this contradiction and create a constructive type of multi-mode propulsion system that combines the protection of propulsors from damage and the efficiency of their action in a wide range of modes.

This problem is solved on the basis of the structural type of the vessel, which is equipped with at least one gondola immersed in water, taken away from the hull, for example, on the basis of a trimaran (vessel with outriggers) according to copyright certificates No. 631381 (application No. 2317654/11 of 22.01. 1976) and No. 1221028 (application No. 3655528/11 of 10.19.1983). Each gondola of these prototype vessels has one mover - a propeller. Since it (both in the pulling and pushing versions) is located outside the zone of influence of the body, the risk of damage to the screw by floating ice is significantly reduced. Moreover, the version with a pulling screw moving under the ice in front of the outrigger strut is more favorable, but does not exclude the possibility of impact of the rotating screw against a randomly falling broken ice floe, inverted by the running outrigger strut and pulled by the suction force of the rotating screw. This force and the impact force of the rotor blades the greater, the greater its diameter and speed.

To further improve the safety of propeller operation in ice conditions, the present invention provides a propulsion system of a vessel having at least one gondola, comprising one pulling propeller at the fore end of the gondola and one pushing jet propulsion device integrated into the aft end of the gondola.

An exemplary circuit diagram of the described propulsion system is shown in the accompanying drawings, where

- figure 1 is a side view of the vessel;

- figure 2 is a top view of the vessel;

- figure 3 is a front view of the vessel.

In the drawings are indicated:

- position 1 - outrigger gondola;

- position 2 - pulling propeller;

- position 3 - pushing water cannon.

The screw and water cannon are autonomous, and each of them rotates with its own drive. The type and design of these drives can be any (for example, mechanical or electrical). The possibility of their joint and separate work is provided.

At the same time, a pulling propeller having a higher coefficient of efficiency should be used as a marching propeller to ensure high profitability during long-term movement of the vessel at low and medium speeds with an idle water jet.

To increase the speed of the vessel up to full speed, a pushing afterburning water jet should be included in addition to the marching propeller. In ice conditions, the propeller is turned off. At the same time, its rotation, the suction action, stops, and the force of the influence of random contacts with the broken ice is greatly reduced.

The movement of the vessel in ice conditions is provided by the operation of the pushing water jet. The safety of its operation from damage by ice is due to the following factors:

- a water cannon is built into the gondola and does not have protruding blades, similar to the blades of a free propeller;

- immersion of the gondola protects it and the water cannon from floating ice;

- the outrigger design has no surfaces directing ice floes from the surface of the water to the depth like the bottom of a single hull vessel.

Ensuring that both movers are protected from ice eliminates the need to increase the strength of the propeller with a concomitant deterioration in its efficiency, similar to the propellers of an icebreaker. In addition, the bifurcation of the total power of the ship’s power plant into mid-flight and afterburners significantly reduces the load on the mid-flight propeller. This allows you to reduce its diameter, which further improves its safety from ice. Preservation of the optimal propeller parameters (without ice reinforcement) ensures the preservation of an extremely high value of its efficiency.

The number of described propulsion systems on a ship can be any, but not less than one.

Thus, the objectives of the invention are achieved:

- ensuring the protection of the propulsors of the vessel from damage when sailing in ice conditions and increasing their survivability;

- ensuring the efficiency of the propulsion system in these conditions.

Claims (1)

The propulsion system of a surface vessel equipped with at least one gondola immersed in water, characterized in that in order to increase the survivability of the complex when sailing in ice conditions and its economic efficiency, the complex consists of a pulling propeller mounted on the bow of the gondola and a pushing jet built into the aft end of the gondola with the possibility of their joint and separate work.

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