RU2489282C2 - Automotive parking device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicle auxiliaries, particularly, to built-in pick-and-place appliances to ease parking via vehicle transverse motion. Proposed device comprises inserted fixed element and extending rod with limit switches. Electromechanical pick-and-place system is composed of worm-and-rack gearing. Rod reciprocation is driven by separate reversing motor supplied by vehicle onboard circuit. Extra wheel is pivoted on vertical shaft. Brake is provided at extra wheels. Extra wheel drive low-rpm motor shaft is engaged with wheel shaft via elastic compensates coupling box to smooth impacts of torque effects.

EFFECT: easier parallel parking.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to auxiliary devices of a car, in particular to built-in hoisting devices that facilitate parking by moving the vehicle in the transverse direction.

In modern large cities, parking has become a serious problem. A large and ever-increasing number of vehicles causes a shortage of parking spaces. Often, the driver manages to find only a small gap in the row of vehicles parked along the edge of the carriageway, which forces him to perform numerous maneuvers for parking, which are moving the car forward and backward in a limited space with constant turns of the steering wheel. This significantly slows down the traffic flow, impatient drivers of other cars honk from behind. Such a situation leads to hasty maneuvers, threatening damage to the car as a result of a collision with parked vehicles, entails a bad mood, loss of time and fuel, as well as possible scratches and dents on the car body. Sometimes, only a few tens of centimeters are not enough to complete this operation, and the driver has to leave the chosen place. Losses in time to find a place and the parking process can exceed the travel time to the destination. In addition, it happens that a parked car cannot drive due to insufficient distance due to other cars closely parked. Increased fuel consumption due to the longer time spent on parking the car, worsens the environment. Such maneuvers await the driver in the case of a turn to change the direction of movement on a narrow road.

Various devices have been developed to facilitate car parking. Some of them use the automatic parking navigation system. Sometimes cameras are installed in the bumpers of modern cars, which transmit the image to a monitor in the cabin, but it can be difficult to estimate the distance to an obstacle from them, especially at night, in addition, cameras located in the bumper can be easily damaged. In addition, the cost of such systems is quite high. The most common means are parking sensors, whose sensors record the distance to surrounding objects, announcing a possible danger with an audio signal. However, such devices do not solve the problem of parking in a limited space between other vehicles parked along the edge of the carriageway. Existing cars take up significantly more space than their length.

To solve this problem, the patent RU 2044858 C1 of 09/27/1995, E04H 6/00, proposed a parking device that lifts the car body at an angle of 45 degrees, but no data was provided on how the liquids that fill the vehicle behave .

It seems more acceptable to solve this problem with the help of devices in which the possibility of parking in a limited space is laid in the design of the cars themselves, for example, moving a vehicle along the road in the transverse direction. Such a device usually includes devices that lower it into a working position, in which the vehicle’s running wheels rise above the supporting surface, and auxiliary wheels that move the vehicle. The design of these devices differs by the location on the vehicle chassis, the lifting and lowering systems used, and the methods of transmitting rotation to auxiliary wheels.

At the location of the device are divided into located in the rear of the car, and both in the rear and in the front. By design - with one auxiliary wheel per vehicle axle, or with two. An example of a device with one wheel per axle is US Pat. No. 4,516,653 (A) dated 05/14/1985, B60S 9/20, B62D 15/00, B62D 61/12; EP 0327370 (A2) from 08/09/1989, B60S 9/20, B60S 9/21; JP 3054052 (A) 03/08/1991, B60S 9/21; WO 9730875 (A1) from 08/28/1997, B60S 9/21. The stability of the vehicle in the position raised by such a device while moving to the side of the road and vice versa is insufficient, the car becomes unbalanced, it may swing.

Known designs designed specifically for long trucks, which are difficult for narrow gates and the passage of sharp turns. Such devices are presented in patents WO 01054961 (A1) from 08/02/2001, B60S 9/21; BRMU 8902564 (U2) dated 12.07.2011, B60S 9/16, B60S 9/21.

In the described devices used hydraulic, pneumatic, electromechanical drives lifting and lowering systems of auxiliary organs. A drive is a set of mechanisms transmitting movement from an energy source to an element that performs a given movement. The drive includes an engine, a gear change mechanism, mechanisms for turning on, turning off and reversing movements. The pneumatic system is presented in patent WO 03029058 (A1) from 04/10/2003, B60S 9/21, hydraulic designs are described in GB 8,46427 (A) from 08/31/1960, B60S 9/21; US 3826322 (A) from 07/30/1974, B60K 1/00, B60S 9/215; BE 819772 (A1) dated 12/31/1974, B60S 9/21; EP 0025471 (A1) dated 03.25.1981, B60S 9/21; ES 1034161 (U) from 12.16.1996, B60S 9/21; DE 19634549 (A1) dated 12/12/1997, B60S 9/21. Examples of electromechanical systems are shown in patents US 2931448 (A) from 04/05/1960, B60S 9/04, B60S 9/18; JP 3054052 (A) dated 03/08/1991, B60S 9/21. In addition, electromechanical lifting and lowering systems can have various designs: screw, as in the patent US 2010155165 (A1) dated 06/24/2010, B60S 9/21, according to the type of scissors presented in patents EP 0327370 (A2) from 08/09/1989, B60S 9/20, B60S 9/21; WO 9730875 (A1) from 08/28/1997, B60S 9/21, lowered by a piston - US 2007246284 (A1) from 10.25.2007, B60S 9/205. Also known are designs in which the auxiliary wheel system is lowered by means of a common shaft located at the center of gravity of the vehicle, as in patents EP 0 286 566 (A2) of 12/10/1988, B60S 9/21, B60S 9/215; CN 201143926 (Y) dated 11/05/2008, B60S 9/21. In the patent DE 102004062907 (A1) of 07/06/2006, B60S 9/21 describes the design of the device with mechanical control by means of flexible shafts.

In the patents DE 10147516 (A1) dated 04/10/2003, B60S 13/00, B60S 9/21; WO2009007667 (A1) dated January 15, 2009, B60S 9/21, shows device designs in which tracks are used instead of auxiliary wheels.

By the method of driving the auxiliary wheel, devices with a mechanical gearbox are known, as in patents US 3002577 (A) of 03/10/1961, B60S 9/21; GB 994837 (A) dated 06/10/1965, B60S 9/21, via chain transmission - US 3196969 (A) dated 07/27/1965, B60S 9/215, belt - US 3826322 (A) from 07/30/1974, B60K 1/00 , B60S 9/215, by means of driving rollers driven by running wheels - WO 2009018765 (A1) dated 12.02.2009, B60S 9/21, as well as without an additional drive, when the auxiliary wheels are driven by rotating driving wheels of a vehicle raised above the road - US 2870851 (A) from 01/27/1959, B60S 9/21; US 2882985 (A) from 04/21/1959, B60S 9/21; GB 852124 (A) dated 10.26.1960, B60S 9/21; GB 2134458 (A) from 08/15/1984, B60S 9/21; US 4,516,653 (A) dated 05/14/1985, B60S 9/20, B62D 15/00, B62D 61/12.

The aim of the invention is to increase the compactness of the placement of cars when parking along the edge of the roadway, to overcome the existing disadvantages of the above solutions due to the development of a truck-mounted transport device that facilitates parking in a limited space by moving the vehicle in the transverse direction, which does not interfere with its normal operation. The specified device can also be used in a situation in which the lateral movement of the car is necessary not only for parking, but also for other reasons, for example, to remove from dangerous areas of the road, the passage of sharp turns. The device must also ensure that the vehicle turns on a narrow road without maneuvering in the forward and reverse directions, perform the function of an integrated jack, simplifying vehicle maintenance, replacing wheels and other repair work, and folding in the stowed position without violating the dimensions of the machine.

The solution of this technical problem is provided by the fact that the claimed invention has developed a design of parking devices integrated in the front and rear parts of the right and left sides of the car, allowing to raise all of its running wheels above the road. As an electromechanical lifting and lowering system, a worm-rack gear is used in the design, which represents the mechanism for converting the rotation of the worm into a rectilinear reciprocating motion of the rack. Worm-rack gears have great rigidity and smoothness due to the fact that several teeth of the rack are engaged with the worm at the same time, and are used for slow and accurate drives. The movement here is transmitted only from the worm to the rail, therefore, such gears are self-braking, which will not allow the vehicle to be lifted by the device raised during long-term storage and does not require the specified device to be locked in the stowed position from unintentional lowering due to shaking and vibration of the machine.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same item numbers are used throughout the description and in all drawings to refer to the same components and parts.

The worm-rack mechanism is used in gears with a parallel arrangement of the axes of the worm and the rack and with the location of the worm at an angle to the rack. As an example, Fig. 1 shows a worm-rack gear with the worm 2 positioned at an angle to the rail 1. The rail 1 is mounted on the movable rod of the mechanism, and the worm 2 is rotated to one side or the other with the rod lowering or lifting with the auxiliary wheel, indicated by the arrow α . The reciprocating movement is carried out from a separate reversible electric motor, fed from the on-board network of the car. Limit switches are provided in the extreme positions of the stem.

A preferred arrangement of devices 3 in a vehicle is shown in FIG. The parking tool is a pair of front and a pair of rear devices consisting of a telescopically connected fixed element and a retractable rod. The rod, under the action of a reversible electric motor of a vertical drive, extends from the fixed part of the device, the auxiliary wheel drops to the supporting surface, lifts the corresponding part of the car, takes its weight onto itself, hanging the running wheels above the road surface. To park in a limited space between cars using the specified means, on a vehicle stopped near a selected place, the driver lowers all four devices and moves it to the parking lot with the transverse movement of the car, as shown in figa. The rotation of the auxiliary wheels by a separate reversible electric motor provides lateral movement of the vehicle in a limited space without manipulating the steering wheel, fraught with errors. If the car before parking is not stopped parallel to the sidewalk, then it is possible to move the front or rear of the vehicle separately, activating, respectively, only front or rear wheel drive (Fig.3c). Departure from the parking lot is carried out in the reverse order.

This arrangement expands the capabilities of the device. The proposed layout allows you to use it not only to facilitate parking, but also for turning or turning the car on a narrow road. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle can rotate in place around a central axis (FIG. 4). In this case, the auxiliary wheels with the help of a solenoid acting on the lever 4, rotate on a vertical axis perpendicular to the lines connecting the diagonally arranged wheels. The axis of rotation of the car is at point β of the intersection of these lines. In figure 4, the lever 4 is shown only on one of the auxiliary wheels, but it should be understood that such levers are installed on each wheel, and they rotate at the same time. The auxiliary wheels are turned by the lever 4 for turning the car in the position when the telescopic racks are not lowered onto the supporting surface so that this rotation occurs without load.

Because only a worm can be the leading element of a worm-rack transmission, then such a transmission is self-braking and the specified device can be used as a built-in jack to ensure compliance with all safety conditions. When using the device as a built-in jack, one of the wheels of the car, two wheels of one of the axles, two wheels of one of the sides of the vehicle can be lifted, which is necessary to rearrange the wheels from one axis to another, as well as all four wheels simultaneously, for example so that the tires do not deteriorate during seasonal conservation, as well as changing all wheels, each device is selectively controlled by the driver. The lift provides a smooth lowering of the load on the supporting surface after lifting.

The design of the auxiliary wheels of each of the four devices is identical. The short duration of the use of auxiliary wheels does not imply the observance of comfort conditions; moreover, replacing such a wheel in the event of a puncture is very difficult, therefore it is preferable to use solid rubber on the rim rather than pneumatic tires. The auxiliary wheel is pivotally mounted on a vertical axis by analogy with the prototype, which is the patent US 4605086 (A) from 08/12/1986, B60S 9/215. In contrast to the claimed solution, this design used the method of lowering and raising the auxiliary wheels by means of a screw drive.

So that when all the wheels of the vehicle are lifted from the road, it does not spontaneously roll on the auxiliary wheels in the event of a slope of the roadway, the auxiliary wheels are braked by separate brake pads permanently drawn by the spring, which are disconnected by the solenoid when the auxiliary wheel engine is switched on. The shaft of the low-speed reversible auxiliary wheel drive electric motor is connected to the wheel shaft through an elastic coupling compensating coupling to transmit mechanical energy of movement without changing its value, which avoids the use of a massive gearbox. The elastic coupling softens the jolts and impact shocks caused by the process or the choice of clearance during start-ups and stops of the device.

Devices are installed under the vehicle without violating its dimensions. No part of the device in the stowed position protrudes below other parts of the car, such as an exhaust pipe with a silencer, fuel tank, suspension parts. In the stowed position of the vehicle, the parking device will be completely hidden from view without disturbing the exterior of the vehicle. The invention allows the driver to easily and quickly move the vehicle to the parking spot without special training.

The parking operation can be carried out using automatic control, as well as using a sensor that measures the distance between the car and the object. Examples of such devices are described in patents EP 0305907 (A1) dated 03/08/1989, B60Q 1/48, G01S 17/93, G01S 13/93; WO 03087874 (A1) dated 10.23.2003, B60Q 1/48, G01S 13/93; RU 2380725 C2 dated 01.27.10, G01S 15/93.

Currently, when parking at the edge of the carriageway, the driver is forced to leave about half the length of the car between his and the front-running car for subsequent unobstructed exit, so the car takes up about one and a half times its length. Parking of cars equipped with the claimed devices, right next to each other will significantly increase the number of parking spaces. This is also true for car parks and parking lots, allowing in the conditions of a shortage of parking spaces to increase the number of parked cars in a parking lot of the same area.

Thus, the present invention provides easier parking in tight spaces by moving the vehicle in the transverse direction, turning the car in place around its central axis, and also using it as a built-in jack to repair or change the wheel, reduce tire load during long-term storage cars. Using the device allows you to quickly and safely carry out the replacement of a punctured wheel or a seasonal change of wheels. The maneuverability of the car increases - when cornering, you can move the rear. Significantly increased the number of parking spaces without increasing space. The parking process takes less time because there is no need to maneuver forward and backward, due to which there is fuel economy, reduction of environmental pollution. Simple device management does not require special driver training.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the design of four parking devices built into the car has been developed, which allows to raise all its running wheels above the road for lateral movement of the car. As an electromechanical lifting and lowering system, a worm-rack drive is used in the design. Each device consists of a telescopically connected fixed element and a retractable rod, in the extreme positions of which limit switches are provided. The reciprocating movement of the rod is carried out from a separate reversible electric motor, fed from the on-board network of the car. The auxiliary wheel is pivotally mounted on the vertical axis of the rod, which extends from the fixed part, the auxiliary wheel is lowered onto the supporting surface, lifting the corresponding part of the car. The rotation of the auxiliary wheels by a separate reversible electric motor provides lateral movement of the vehicle without manipulating the steering wheel. The vehicle can also rotate in place around a central axis to turn or turn the car on a narrow road. To do this, the auxiliary wheels rotate on a vertical axis perpendicular to the lines connecting the diagonally arranged wheels. In addition, this device can be used as a built-in jack, providing a smooth rise and lowering of the load on the supporting surface, ensuring compliance with all safety conditions. In order to prevent all spontaneous rolling of the vehicle from the road when it rolls on the auxiliary wheels in the event of a slope of the roadway, an auxiliary wheel brake is provided. The shaft of the low-speed reversible auxiliary wheel drive electric motor is connected to the wheel shaft through an elastic connecting compensating sleeve, which softens the shocks and torque shocks. Parking of cars equipped with these devices will increase the number of parked cars in the same area.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the possibility of parking the car in a limited space by moving it in the transverse direction, turning the car in place around its central axis, and also using it as a built-in jack. The maneuverability of the car increases - when cornering, you can move the rear. Significantly increased the number of parking spaces without increasing space. The parking process takes less time because there is no need to maneuver forward and backward, due to which there is fuel economy, reduction of environmental pollution. The device folds into the stowed position, without violating the dimensions of the machine. Simple device management does not require special driver training.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the design of the parking device integrated in the vehicle has been developed, which makes it possible to raise all of its running wheels above the road. As an electromechanical lifting and lowering system, a worm-rack drive is used in the design. Each device consists of a telescopically fixed element connected and a retractable rod, in the extreme positions of which limit switches are provided. The reciprocating movement of the rod is carried out from a separate reversible electric motor, fed from the on-board network of the car. The auxiliary wheel is pivotally mounted on the vertical axis of the rod, which extends from the fixed part, the auxiliary wheel is lowered onto the supporting surface, lifting the corresponding part of the car. The rotation of the auxiliary wheels by a separate reversible electric motor provides lateral movement of the vehicle without manipulating the steering wheel. To turn or turn the car on a narrow road, the auxiliary wheels rotate on a vertical axis perpendicular to the lines connecting the diagonally arranged wheels. When using the device as a built-in jack, which smoothly lifts and lowers the load on the supporting surface, all safety conditions are met. In order to avoid spontaneous rolling of the vehicle on auxiliary wheels when raising all of its running wheels from the road, an auxiliary wheel brake is provided. The shaft of the low-speed reversible auxiliary wheel drive electric motor is connected to the wheel shaft through an elastic connecting compensating sleeve, which softens the shocks and torque shocks.

New significant features of the claimed invention are:

- the design of the parking device built into the car, which allows to lift all its running wheels above the road;

- the use of worm-rack transmission as an electromechanical lifting and lowering system;

- the rotation of the auxiliary wheels perpendicular to the lines connecting the diagonally arranged wheels for turning the car;

- use of the device as a built-in jack due to the use of self-braking worm-rack transmission;

- application of the brake of auxiliary wheels;

- connecting the shaft of the auxiliary drive electric motor to the wheel shaft through an elastic coupling.

This description and drawings do not limit the scope of the invention, and are intended to sufficiently disclose information, are an example embodiment of the invention, and although the preferred options for its implementation have been presented above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the variations and modifications described herein. A person skilled in the art can envision numerous changes and additions to the form and details in accordance with the information disclosed herein, as well as other embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by its claims. In particular, it should be understood that any of the above structural elements can be used in combination or separately to achieve all or some of the advantages of the invention.

However, there are other options not described here for which the present invention is applicable. Thus, the present description is illustrative rather than restrictive, and the specific details shown and described do not limit the present invention. In the foregoing claims, any distinguishing feature described as a means of performing a function should be construed as encompassing any means known to those skilled in the art by which this function can be performed, and should not be limited only to the demonstrated distinctive features and structures, or their equivalents.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prior art in scientific, technical and patent documentation as of the priority date in the main and related sections shows that the set of essential features of the claimed solution was not known - therefore, it meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The analysis of known technical solutions in the art showed that the proposed device has features that are not available in the known technical solutions, and using them in the claimed combination of features makes it possible to obtain a new technical effect, therefore, the proposed technical solution has an inventive step compared to the existing level technicians.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, because can be manufactured industrially, efficiently, feasibly, reproducibly, therefore, meets the patentability condition "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

A car parking device that raises the running wheels for lateral movement above the road, consisting of a telescopically fixed element connected and a retractable rod, in the extreme positions of which limit switches are provided, characterized in that a worm-rack gear is used as an electromechanical lifting and lowering system; the reciprocating movement of the rod is carried out from the reversible electric motor, fed from the on-board network of the car, when the rod is extended from the fixed part, the auxiliary wheel is lowered onto the supporting surface, lifting the corresponding part of the car; rotation of the auxiliary wheels by a separate reversible electric motor provides lateral movement of the vehicle without manipulating the steering wheel; the auxiliary wheel is pivotally mounted on a vertical axis for turning or turning the car, on a narrow road the vehicle can rotate in place around the central axis, for which the auxiliary wheels rotate on a vertical axis perpendicular to the lines connecting the diagonally arranged wheels; the specified device can also be used as a built-in jack, providing a smooth rise and lowering of the load on the supporting surface; when raising all running wheels from the road, a brake of auxiliary wheels is provided; the shaft of the low-speed auxiliary drive electric motor is connected to the wheel shaft through an elastic coupling compensating coupling; the device folds into the stowed position, without violating the dimensions of the car.

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