RU2488266C2 - Method and device for electrophysical effect at atmosphere - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of effect at weather conditions and may be used for fog dispersion with a controlled area. The method of electrophysical effect at atmosphere consists in generation of corona discharge with the help of corona-forming electrodes connected with the source of power supply. Electrodes are installed with a gap relative to a grounded structure. In process of generation of corona discharge, fog density is monitored in the protected area, and the angle of inclination of the grounded structure and corona-forming electrodes is modified relative to the earth surface. The device implementing the proposed method comprises a bearing frame with corona-forming electrodes electrically insulated relative to the ground and connected to the source of power supply. A grounded electroconductive structure is fixed with a gap relative to the bearing frame. The bearing frame with corona-forming electrodes and the grounded electroconductive structure is installed in the plane inclined at the sharp angle to the Earth surface.

EFFECT: invention provides for technical result consisting in increased efficiency of effect.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology intended for exposure to the atmosphere. Using the proposed device, it is planned to produce artificial dispersion of fog and raising the lower border of cloud cover. The device can be used at airfields, highways, seaports, etc., where to control vehicles it is necessary to comply with the requirement for visibility range. In addition, the proposed device can be used to provide various sports and entertainment events in open areas.

Known methods for dispersing fogs based on artificial condensation of water vapor by using special substances (reagents). Reagents are delivered and spread in fog or cloudiness from aircraft (see, for example, US patent No. 2815928, IPC A01G 15/00, published December 10, 1957) using missiles (see, for example, USSR copyright certificate No. 576839, IPC A01G 15/00), shells (see, for example, Russian Federation Patent No. 2034444, IPC 6 A01G 15/00, published May 10, 1995).

As reagents, a mixture of chlorine carbon (patent No. 2160900, published on 06.06.1939), silver iodide (patent No. 2527230, published on 10.24.1950), an aqueous solution of calcium chloride with a thickener (patent No. 2934275, published on 26.04. 1960) and others.

Despite the accumulated experience in the practical use of reagents, the use of technology is limited only in relation to supercooled mists. Warm fogs are more stable and cannot be dispersed with the help of reagents.

Known methods based on electrophysical effects on the atmosphere (see, for example, USSR author's certificate No. 71260, IPC A01G 15/00, published July 31, 1948, US patent No. 3456880, IPC A01G 15/00, published July 22, 1969 USSR copyright certificate No. 29675, IPC A01G 15/00, published in 1948, application from Germany No. 4005304, IPC E01H 13/00). Known methods are based on the generation of electrically charged particles into the atmosphere. Devices that implement the known method use either raising the corona wires at the height of the cloud, which determines the high cost of resources and is not always feasible due to weather conditions, or blowing it with air flow generated by technical means, corona electrodes installed at the surface of the earth.

A known method of dispersing fogs and clouds, which consists in generating electric charges into the atmosphere by connecting corona wires to the high voltage source, fixed through insulators on supports at the surface of the earth (see "Journal of Geophysical Research", Cambridge, Massachusetts, March 1962, t .67, pp. 1073-1082). Information about this method is reflected in the domestic technical literature (see L.G. Kachurin. "Physical fundamentals of exposure to atmospheric formations." Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1978, pp. 287-293).

As follows from the above sources of information, the determining factor in the dispersion of fog in the known method is the space charge acting on atmospheric formations.

A known method of dispersing fog and clouds, which consists in influencing the fog and cloud using a stream of electrically charged particles, formed by blowing the corona wires with a stream of compressed gas. In the process of forming a jet, the jet is scanned along an annular spiral, first to the periphery of the spiral, then to the center (RF patent 2092028. C1. Class A01G 15/00, Е01Н 13/00).

The closest technical solution to the proposed is a patent of the Russian Federation No. 2360068 C1, class. E01H 13/00. This technical solution contains a grounded electrically conductive grid installed with a gap relative to the corona wires suspended along the earth's surface, and allows implementing a method of electrophysical impact on the atmosphere, in which vertical air flows of air masses are formed, which helps to disperse the fog in the adjacent area. The intensity of fog dispersion in the adjacent zone (impact radius) is largely determined by the properties of the fog, its

This technical solution successfully enough solves the problem of exposure to the aerosol cloud. The aerosol cloud exposure process includes three main processes. The first is the initiation of condensation processes on finely dispersed aerosols, which in their natural size and lyophilicity could not be condensation centers. The second is the ionic wind, the direction of which is from the corona electrodes to a grounded surface. The third is the separation of water droplets on the surface of a grounded structure. Thus, the known device provides the formation of vertical streams of air masses, with which you can either remove droplets of fog up from the controlled space, or direct free from water droplets air flows down, which, spreading over the surface of the earth, free up the area of controlled space from fog. It is not possible to build a fog dispersal device directly above the protected object. Therefore, the removal of fog droplets from the controlled space or flowing into the area of the protected space of air streams free of fog droplets is carried out in a known device due to boundary flows near the earth's surface, formed due to the interaction of vertical flows created by the corona discharge generation system with the earth's surface. This fact limits the scope of the known method and reduces the effectiveness of its application.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the impact.

To achieve the stated goal in the known method of electrophysical impact on the atmosphere, which consists in generating a corona discharge using corona electrodes connected to an electric power source installed with a gap relative to the grounded structure, during the generation of the corona discharge control the density of the fog in the protected area and change the angle of inclination of the grounded design and corona electrodes relative to the surface of the earth;

changing the angle of inclination is carried out in the range from -90 ° to + 90 °;

measure the speed and direction of the wind and the change in the angle of inclination is carried out so that the normal to the surface of the grounded structure is oriented towards the maximum density of the fog;

in a known device for electrophysical impact on the atmosphere, containing a carrier frame with corona electrodes that is electrically isolated relative to the earth and connected to an electric power source, relative to which a grounded electroconductive structure is fixed with a gap, a carrier frame with corona electrodes and a grounded electroconductive structure is installed in a plane inclined under acute angle to the surface of the earth;

an electrically conductive structure with the help of insulators is mounted on a supporting frame with corona electrodes mounted on an electrically insulated platform with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination relative to the surface of the earth.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows. By changing the angle of inclination of the grounded structure and the corona electrodes, the direction of the air currents formed by the corona discharge is varied, which are summed with the wind flows and sent to the protected area, to the places with the highest fog density. As is known, in the region of the air stream jet formed by the ionic wind during the generation of the corona discharge, fog dispersion is provided (see Lapshin B.V., Ivanov V.N., Erankov V.G., Paley A.A., Romanov N. P., Savchenko AV “New opportunities for the joint use of“ electric wind ”and electrostatic precipitators for scattering warm fogs. Electronic scientific journal“ RESEARCHED IN RUSSIA ”269 http://zhurmal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2010/ 021.pdf). The fog is scattered inside a free stream formed by an ionic wind from a corona discharge and a natural wind flow, the boundaries of which in calm conditions depend on the overall dimensions of the corona discharge generating device and are determined by known relations (see http://www.lennox.ua). In the proposed method, by changing the angle of inclination of the grounded structure and the corona electrodes relative to the surface of the earth, the jet cleaned from fog in the area of the protected space is moved and the fog is washed out throughout the exposure sector of the free jet moving in space, which allows to expand the area of influence and increase the efficiency of fog dispersion .

The implementation of the method is as follows. Before designing a fog dispersal system in a controlled area using known methods (see, for example, http://www.poi-nsk.info/categorv/prognozirovaniye-i-modvelirovanive-zagryaznyeniya-atmosfyernogo-vozduha-gorodov/page / 3 /, or Spassky N.V., Chakchir S.Ya., Zimin S.S., Kolesnikova O.N., Aleshin V.E., Mogilko I.K., Raspopov D.V. “Software for calculating atmospheric pollution and the distribution of emissions depending on the concentration of harmful substances, taking into account geographical and weather conditions. ”Registration Certificate No. 20100617308 of 02.11.2010) as applied to the specified parameter m of terrain, scenario calculations of the propagation of flows generated by the generated corona discharge are carried out for different meteorological conditions most characteristic of a given terrain. Based on the calculation results, the most optimal parameters of the generation system are selected (the overall dimensions of the corona discharge generation devices, the number and their location relative to the protected object, the required angle of inclination of the grounded structure and the corona electrodes relative to the earth's surface, and its range of change, etc.), form a program for changing the angle the slope of each mounted corona generation system for typical meteorological situations of fog formation in a controlled area divide the number and places of installation of sensors for controlling the range of visibility in the controlled area, sensors of direction and wind speed. In the event of a meteorological situation, foreshadowing the possible formation of fog in a controlled area, according to previously prepared algorithms, devices for generating a corona discharge are switched on and scanned by their tilt angles. According to the information from the direction and wind speed sensors, the angle of the deviation of the velocity vector of the stream emerging from the fog dispersion device from the direction towards the maximum fog density is calculated, and the inclination of the grounded structure and the corona electrodes relative to the earth's surface is changed, ensuring their combination. Considering that the wind speed, both in magnitude and in direction, is constantly changing, and the density of the fog is changing over the area of the controlled area, throughout the entire time the fog is dispersed, the angle of inclination of the grounded structure and the corona electrodes relative to the earth’s surface is known from the tracking drives algorithms. The theory and practice of creating follow-up drives is widely known and described in detail in the literature (see, for example, http://bmstu.ru/~e10/old_version/issled/issled_kazmir_htm) Thus, the proposed method provides overlapping of the area of the protected object with jets of air flows from devices for generating a corona discharge in an expanded compared with the known method volume of space under conditions of changing wind flow and fog formation conditions in a controlled area.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device, which allows to implement the proposed method.

The device comprises a base 2 mounted on high-voltage insulators 1 with a rotary axis 3, on which a platform 4 is mounted with cathodic electrodes mounted in a plane of 5.6 (not shown). Corona electrodes can be made in the same way as in the known device (RF patent No. 2360068 C1, class E01H 13/00) in the form of thin wires stretched in planes 5 and 6, or made in the form of thin-walled tapes with sharp teeth installed in planes 5, 6 by analogy with the known corona electrodes widely used in electrostatic precipitators (see, for example, http://kondor-eco.ru/main/proizvodstvo_kor_el.htm). With a gap A relative to the planes of 5.6 corona electrodes, a grounded structure 8 is fixed on the insulators 7. The grounded structure 8 can be performed in the same way as in known devices (see, for example, RF patent No. 2360068 C1, class E01H 13/00 ) from the wire mesh. The cell size of the cells of the electrically conductive grid can be ~ (8-20) cm, depending on the gap Δ. The platform 4 with the corona electrodes is electrically connected to the high voltage electric power supply 9. In order to reduce the likelihood of electric breakdown and the formation of an electric arc between the corona electrodes and the grounded structure, the electric power source 9 is equipped with a control system (not shown) that reduces the voltage value with a sharp increase in current . Such control systems are known and used in power supplies of electrostatic precipitators (see, for example, the microprocessor regulator MEFIS 03 on the website http://www.ramenergy.ru/catalog_p14.html). The platform 4 is mounted on the rotary axis 3 of the base 2 with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the grounded structure relative to the surface of the earth a. To change the angle of inclination a, the device is equipped with a follow-up drive connected to a control system that receives information from wind sensors and range sensors installed in a controlled area (not shown). For more efficient operation of the device, the control system may be associated with a system for collecting and processing meteorological information and a system for turning on and off the power source 9.

The device operates as follows. Upon receipt of meteorological information about the possible formation of fog. The platform with the corona electrodes is oriented in the direction of the fog flowing to the area of the controlled territory. The source of electrical power 9 is turned on and a high voltage is supplied to the corona electrodes. A powerful electric field is created between the corona electrodes and the grounded structure in the gap Δ, and a corona discharge is ignited. Electric charges arising during the corona discharge move to a grounded surface, collide with neutral molecules and aerosol particles, charge them and tell them their angular momentum. An air stream forms, directed from the corona electrodes to a grounded surface. Passing through an earthed grid, electrically charged aerosols (droplets of fog) are deposited on its surface, and neutral molecules in the form of an air stream cleared of droplets of fog are directed in the direction of the area protected from fog in the controlled area. Thus, the fog is washed out of the controlled area with a cleaned air stream, which ensures the dispersion of the fog. Given that the height of the fog can be 100 meters or more, the angle of divergence of the stream stream is about 12 °, it is not possible to ensure that the fog is washed out over the entire height by a horizontal stream. Therefore, the proposed device provides for a change in the angle of inclination of the grounded structure relative to the surface of the earth, which allows the jet of air-free from fog to be directed both horizontally and upward at an angle to the horizon, which will allow to clear the controlled space along the entire height of the fog above the controlled territory. In places where leakage of fog can occur from different sides, this device allows you to protect areas of the controlled territory from two sides, which avoids the cost of building additional devices for generating a corona discharge.

Thus, the proposed solution due to new distinctive features in conjunction with the known allows for the expansion of the zone of dispersion of fog, to increase the efficiency of dispersion of fog and achieve the goal of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method of electrophysical impact on the atmosphere, which consists in generating a corona discharge using corona electrodes connected to an electric power source, installed with a gap relative to a grounded structure, characterized in that during the generation of a corona discharge control the density of the fog in the protected area and change the angle of inclination of the grounded design and corona electrodes relative to the surface of the earth. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the change in the angle of inclination is carried out in the range from -90 ° to + 90 °. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the change in the angle of inclination is carried out so that the normal to the surface of the grounded structure is oriented towards the maximum density of the fog. 4. A device for electrophysical impact on the atmosphere, comprising a carrier frame with corona electrodes that is electrically insulated relative to the earth and connected to an electric power source, and with respect to which a grounded electroconductive structure is fixed with a gap, characterized in that the carrier frame with corona electrodes and a grounded electroconductive structure is installed in a plane inclined at an acute angle to the surface of the earth. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrically conductive structure using insulators is mounted on a supporting frame with corona electrodes mounted on an electrically insulated platform with the ability to change the angle of inclination relative to the surface of the earth.

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