RU2486330C1 - Hydraulic calibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic calibrator comprises case 1 with rock cutting tool 2 ad insert 3 coupled with case 1. Insert cavity houses rod 5 and deflector 6. Said insert is composed of barrel with transverse web 7. Said wed forms top chamber 8 for abrasive material and bottom chamber 9 to mix abrasive with flushing fluid. Note here that rod 5 is arranged for axial displacement is provided with spring-loaded valve gate 13 coupled with rod 5. Rod 5 is equipped with valves to stop holes 11 at the bottom of baffle 7. Deflector 7 is rigidly coupled with rock cutting tool 2 and provide with tangential channels 15 aligned with flushing channels 16 of tool 2. One part of flushing channels is directed to calibrator rotation another part is oriented in opposite direction. Said flushing channels can be furnished with jet heads 17. Note here that portion of channels 16 is directed downward while other portion is directed upward. Angle of inclination of flushing channels 16 makes some 10 to 20 degrees.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a rock cutting tool, namely to calibrators of the hydraulic type.

Well wall calibrators are known, including a hollow body and a working body connected to it in the form of straight or inclined blades reinforced with wear-resistant material (see Maslennikov I.K. and Matveev G.I. Tool for drilling wells. M .: Nedra, 1981 ., p. 300-301).

The disadvantages of the known calibrators is their low efficiency when calibrating the intervals of the wells located above the absorption zone of the washing fluid, because in this case, the working elements of the calibrator work without cooling and quickly fail.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a hydraulic calibrator containing a housing with an axial channel, a rock cutting tool connected to the housing with flushing grooves and an insert with axial channels, a rod and a reflector installed in the axial cavity of the insert, and a reflector located under the rock cutting tool (see collection "Rational proposals and inventions recommended for use at the enterprises of ferrous metallurgy", Chermetin-formation, 1981, No. 4 (465)).

The disadvantage of this calibrator is the low efficiency of its work, especially when drilling sections of the wellbore, passed through hard rocks. This is primarily due to the insufficient use of the energy of the supplied flushing fluid, as it is used mainly only for cooling the working elements of a rock cutting tool. At the same time, during the passage of sections composed of weak rocks, there are cases of erosion of the walls of the well. This subsequently leads to various complications, especially if cementation of this interval of the wellbore is necessary.

In connection with the stated technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the calibrator by increasing the energy efficiency of the pumped flushing fluid when calibrating the interval of the wellbore traversed by hard rocks, while protecting the walls of the well, folded by weak rocks, from destruction.

The technical result achieved is achieved in that in a hydraulic calibrator comprising a housing with an axial channel, a rock cutting tool with flushing grooves and an insert with axial channels, a rod and a reflector located under the rock cutting tool mounted in the axial cavity of the insert, according to the invention, the insert is made in in the form of a glass with a transverse partition dividing it into a mixing chamber and a chamber for abrasive material, and the axial channels of the insert are made in cross section the septum, and the glass is equipped with hollow bushings communicating the mixing chamber with a cavity above the insert, the rod being spring-loaded in the axial direction, equipped with valves for blocking the axial channels of the transverse partition in the initial position, has a T-shape in the frontal plane and is mounted movably relative to the insert and the reflector and with the possibility of overlapping the axial channel of the housing with its transverse part, and the reflector is rigidly connected to the rock cutting tool and made with tangential channels, combining associated with flushing grooves of a rock cutting tool, some of which are oriented in the direction of rotation of the expander, and the other part in the opposite direction.

The achievement of the specified technical result also contributes to the fact that:

- part of the washing grooves is directed from top to bottom, and the other part is directed from bottom to top;

- the angle of the wash grooves is 10-20 °.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of a hydraulic calibrator in section, in Fig.2 and 3 are respectively a section aa and bb in Fig.1.

The proposed hydraulic calibrator comprises a housing 1 with an axial channel 14 connected to a housing 1 of a rock cutting tool 2 with flushing grooves 16 and an insert 3, a rod 5 located in the axial cavity of the insert 3, and a reflector 6 mounted under the rock cutting tool 2. Insert 3 is made in the form glass with a transverse partition 7, forming the upper chamber 8 for abrasive material and the lower chamber 9 for mixing the abrasive material with the washing liquid. Moreover, the rod 5 has a T-shape in the frontal plane, is mounted axially movable relative to the insert 3 and the reflector 6, and is equipped with valves 10 designed to block one part of the channels 4, made only in the transverse partition 7. In addition to the channels 4 of the partition 7, the insert 3 also has channels in the upper part, moreover, they are made coaxially with the channels of the partition 7 and are equipped with bushings 11 communicating the mixing chamber 9 with the cavity above the insert 3. The transverse part of the rod 5 is made in the form of a valve flap 13, and is connected releasably to the rod 5. The damper 13 is spring-loaded with a cylindrical spring 12. The axial channels 4 of the transverse partition 7 serve to supply abrasive material, and the channels equipped with sleeves 11 serve to supply washing liquid to the mixing chamber 9, bypassing the chamber 8 for abrasive material. The reflector 6 is rigidly connected to the rock cutting tool 2 by any known method and is made with tangential channels 15 aligned with the flushing grooves 16 of the rock cutting tool 2, some of which are oriented in the direction of rotation of the calibrator, and the other part is in the opposite direction. The washing grooves 15 of the rock cutting tool 2 can be equipped with hydraulic monitor nozzles 17, while part of the washing grooves 16 is directed from top to bottom, and the other part from bottom to top. The angle of the wash grooves 16 is 10-20 °. The reflector 6 is performed separately from the rod 5 or with a through channel under it.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic calibrator is as follows. If it is necessary to drill narrowed sections of the well, the calibrator on the drill string is lowered to a predetermined depth and the flushing fluid begins to be supplied. Under the pressure of the latter, the valve flap 13 presses the spring 12, the rod 5 moves down and at the same time opens the axial channels 4 for the passage of the abrasive material from the container 8 and the sleeve 11 for the passage of the washing liquid into the mixing chamber 9. After that, the formed abrasive mixture through the tangential channels 15, washing grooves 16 and hydraulic nozzles 17 are fed to the walls of the well for destruction together with the working bodies of the rock cutting tool 2 formed benches. Moreover, due to the multidirectional supply of the abrasive mixture, the ledges have a two-sided impact with different directions and at different angles, which favorably affects the efficiency of the destruction of the protrusions on the walls of the well.

Such a combined effect of the working elements of the rock cutting tool and the waterjet mixture on the ledges allows them to be destroyed effectively and to ensure high-quality calibration of the well walls.

Claims (3)

1. A hydraulic calibrator comprising a housing with an axial channel, a rock cutting tool connected to the housing with flushing grooves and an insert with axial channels, a rod and a reflector installed in the axial cavity of the insert, and a reflector located under the rock cutting tool, characterized in that the insert is made in the form of a glass with a transverse a partition separating it into the mixing chamber and the chamber for abrasive material, and the axial channels of the insert are made in the transverse partition, and the glass is equipped with hollow bushings, with a mixing chamber with a cavity above the insert, the rod being axially spring loaded, equipped with valves for blocking the axial channels of the transverse baffle in the initial position, has a T-shape in the frontal plane and is mounted movably relative to the insert and the reflector and with the possibility of blocking the axial channel of the housing its transverse part, and the reflector is rigidly connected to the rock cutting tool and made with tangential channels combined with the flushing grooves of the rock cutting tool nta, some of which are oriented in the direction of rotation of the expander, and the other part is in the opposite direction. 2. The hydraulic calibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the washing grooves is directed from top to bottom, and the other part is from bottom to top. 3. The hydraulic calibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclination angle of the washing grooves is 10-20 °.

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