RU2486136C1 - Drinking water filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention aims at improvement of drinking water quality. Proposed filer comprises split case 1 with cover 2, hollow perforated core 3 with wound layers of filtration material. Cover 2 incorporates inlet and outlet pipes. Plug 7 is fitted on end face of core 3. One of core sides abuts the case head part. Filtration material represents a composite polymer 5 that allows varying winding density coated with polyethylene insulation 6 or insulation preventing radial-transverse leak of water. Seal rings 4 are fitted in the grooves of core 3.

EFFECT: higher quality of drinking water, simplified filtration.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to instrumentation and is intended to improve the consumer qualities of water that comes from natural sources or centralized water supply systems. The proposed device can be used in various sectors of the economy, but can find the greatest distribution in the preparation of high quality water to maintain human health.

A device for the purification of drinking water (patent RU 2078046, C02F 1/18, 1997), which contains a multilayer filter media comprising a layer of fibrous polymer material, a layer of a mixture of anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin, a layer of iodine-containing material, a layer of fibrous amphoteric material, a layer of strongly basic anion exchange resin and layer of a mixture of activated fibrous carbon.

The main disadvantage of such a device is that it has a limited sorption capacity and, when exceeded, loses its filtering properties.

A device for cleaning water from chemical and mechanical impurities (patent RU 2074019, C02F 1/42, 1997), which contains a pipe for introducing purified water into a tubular module, in the housing of which contains at least one filter element, as well as a pipe to drain filtered water. The filter element is made in the form of two permeable membranes wound on a perforated or porous tube and at least one layer of ion-exchange fabric is placed between them. The ends of the filtering elements are sealed on one side, and the module housing on this side is connected to the nozzle for introducing the water to be purified, and on the opposite side, the ends of all filtering elements are connected to the filtrate outlet.

The main disadvantage of such a device is that mechanical filtering occurs in membrane filters due to the size of the holes through which only water molecules can pass. The remaining chemical elements, due to their greater physical size, settle on the membrane surface; these elements also overlap the pores, and after a while the membrane completely closes. To restore efficiency by technology, a reverse water flow is carried out, which complicates the filtration process. The closest analogue to the claimed device is a filter for cleaning drinking water from chemical and mechanical impurities (patent RU 2288172, C1, 2006), which is a detachable housing with inlet and outlet nozzles containing a hollow core with holes with layers of filter material: outer layer - woven stainless steel mesh, the middle layer is porous polypropylene in a wall thickness of 18 mm, the inner layer is sintered titanium powder, a plug is installed on the end of the core.

The main disadvantages of such a device are the high cost of filter materials and insufficient filter fineness, determined by the pore size of the filter materials.

The task to which the invention is directed is the elimination of the above disadvantages.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of water filtration, that is, obtaining water purified from harmful impurities, pathogenic microorganisms and having a balanced chemical composition that meets the requirements of the Sanitary Rules and Norms (SanPiN 2.1.4.1116-02, SanPiN 2.1.4.2581-10), with simultaneous streamlining the filtering process.

The essence of the proposed device lies in the fact that it consists of a housing and a cover, made with the possibility of tight connection of these parts with each other, between which is placed a replaceable filter element. There are inlet and outlet nozzles in the cover. The basis of the filter element is a polypropylene hollow core with holes for the removal of purified water, in the end part of which there is a plug that does not allow the feed and filtered water to mix. One side of the core adjacent to the head of the housing has grooves for installing o-rings, which do not allow unfiltered water to exit, bypassing the filter material itself. Composite Polymer Material (KPM) is wound around the core. The manufacturing technology of the filter element allows you to change the density of the KPM winding. For specific sources of filtered water, filter elements with a KPM winding density corresponding to the degree of source water pollution are used. A waterproof polyethylene insulation is applied on top of the KPM to prevent radially transverse water passage. The flow of water is forcibly directed from two sides along the core. Such passage of water in the filter layer ensures that water passes through the entire length of the filter material, in which static electricity occurs, while magnetizing both ions and cations on KPM fibers. Next, the water enters through the holes in the core into the internal cavity and goes into the outlet pipe of the housing.

The KPM used in the filter consists of several layers of non-woven polymer fabric, different in chemical and physical properties. Layers (Spunbond - Melt-Blown - Spunbond) are thermally bonded to each other. The maximum pore size between the fibers of the material does not exceed 1.5 μm, this is sufficient to retain microflora on the surface of the CPM, the presence of which is unacceptable for drinking water.

The proposed device has the ability to use filter elements with different densities of winding KPM on the core, depending on the contamination of water. The variable density of the winding material allows you to adapt the filter to specific sources of water.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device.

The filter for cleaning drinking water from chemical and mechanical impurities consists of a cylindrical body 1, a cover with inlet and outlet pipes 2, a core 3, o-rings 4, composite polymer material (KPM) 5, an insulating layer 6, and a plug 7.

The device operates as follows:

water under pressure is supplied to the housing 1 through the inlet nozzle of the cover 2, in which the core 3 is located, enters the KPM layers from two sides and passes through them into the holes in the core, then the purified water goes to the outlet nozzle of the housing.

The principle of operation of the filter in relation to changes in the chemical composition of water is based on the property of a material that has static electricity when water passes through it. Since positive and negative charges appear on the layers of materials included in the composition, they absorb both anions and cations on themselves, which is the main criterion for filtering water.

Figure 2 shows a photo of the KPM after filtration, the magnification is 2500. The picture shows how the fibers of the filter material “grow” with anions and cations.

Water passing through this filter has a 25% higher fluidity than the original, which in turn indicates an improvement in the structure of water and the greatest usefulness to the body.

Quantitative chemical analysis of tap water passing through the filter showed the qualitative characteristics of water in the sizes regulated by SanPiN 2.1.4.1116-02. SanPiN 2.1.4.2581-10:

Name of indicator Hygienic norm according to SanPiN The indicator after filtering tap water Iron 0.3 mg / l 0.00223 mg / l Hexavalent Chrome 0.05 mg / l Less than 0.0025 mg / l Magnesium 5-50 mg / l 20 mg / l Manganese 0.05 mg / l 0.03 mg / l Total hardness, W ° 7 1,5 PH value 6.5-8.5 7.3 Chlorides 150 mg / l 13.5 mg / l Nitrates 5 mg / l 0.96 mg / l Radiology α activity 0.1 bq / l 0.0567 bq / l Radiology β activity 1 bq / l Less than 0.1 bq / l Microbiological presence Not valid not found

Claims (2)

1. The filter for cleaning drinking water from chemical and mechanical impurities, placed in a collapsible housing with a cover, in the housing cover there are inlet and outlet nozzles, contains a hollow core with holes with layers of filter material, a plug is installed on the front side of the core, characterized in that layers of filter material are wound around the core, one of the sides of the core is adjacent to the head of the housing, the filter material is a composite polymer material with the possibility of changing on the winding, on top of which polyethylene insulation or insulation is installed that prevents radially transverse passage of water, and sealing rings are installed in the grooves of the core. 2. The filter for purifying drinking water from chemical and mechanical impurities according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite polymer material consists of several layers differing in chemical and physical properties.

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