RU2485381C2 - Control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: control device consists of a stock put on it, a valve with transverse and axial holes, a compressed spring and a piston fixed on the stock. An assembled stock together with the valve, spring and piston is mounted into a housing, between an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The stock after the piston movably enters the hole so that a chamber isolated with a seal from the outlet channel is formed. This leads to balancing of the stock against pressure at the device outlet and connection of the outlet to the inlet of the device can be controlled. When flow under pressure is being supplied to the inlet, the device as a check valve passes the flow to the device outlet. In case no flow is supplied to the device inlet, the valve is closed. When control pressure is being supplied to the stock end, the device controls the flow from the outlet to the inlet proportionally to control pressure, thus forming the function of a brake valve. Due to a certain ratio of surface area of an axial hole and a sealed hole of the stock, a safety function against pressure at the device outlet is achieved. The device has a screw for mechanical opening of a brake valve and a piston for additional control.

EFFECT: providing sealing of channels between themselves.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to apparatuses that regulate the flow and pressure in hydrostatic drives.

From US patent 6581639, F15B 13/04 of 10/17/2001, there is known installed in the cavity of the housing, controlled by the distributor check valve boom crane. Inside the controlled check valve having channels, a cartridge is inserted that performs the function of an anti-cavitation valve in one direction and the pressure relief valve in the other direction.

The disadvantages of this solution are the design complexity due to the presence of two valves located inside the controlled non-return valve. In addition, it is problematic to ensure absolute tightness when controlling the check valve with a spool valve.

A controllable valve is also known, which performs the function of a check valve in one direction, which seals the flow in the opposite direction when there is no pressure in the control line and controls the flow in the opposite direction when pressure is applied to the control line. Website WWW.Argo-Hytos.com.Overcentre Valve SOBD5A-S4 / 1.

The valve according to this solution is made in cartridge design, it contains a cup with a central multi-stage hole in which a spring-loaded check valve is installed on the side of the outlet channel. The non-return valve, movably mounted in the glass, has a stop and a seal on the outer surface. The cone of the central opening of the check valve rests on a control valve located on the opposite side of the check valve. The control valve is pressed against the check valve cone by two springs. The control valve is pressure balanced by sealing the guide diameter and connecting the internal cavity to the outlet channel. The internal cavity of the control valve is isolated from the drain cavity by a piston resting against the glass. The control valve is made stepwise, and the control pressure is introduced into the cavity between the steps. The chamber at the end of the large diameter of the control valve is connected to the drain in the tank. A certain ratio of the diameters of the control valve achieves the function of protection against pressure at the outlet.

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity.

Of particular difficulty for manufacturing are the many coaxial sealed diameters of the control and non-return valves.

Another disadvantage of this solution is the significant resistance of the non-return valve, which has one cross section with a control valve, which limits the performance of anti-cavitation functions by this valve.

The presence of a drainage line also complicates its use.

In addition, such a valve may have mutual leaks between the control lines and the valve inlet.

And another drawback is the presence of many movable seals.

The closest in features to the proposed solution is a back-pressure relief valve according to patent RU 2028531, F16K 17/18 from 12.11.91.

The check valve according to patent No. 2028531 contains a rod passed through a seat with a central hole. The locking element of the rod rests on the edge of the Central hole of the saddle. The central hole of the saddle is connected by radial grooves with the outer surface of the saddle. A washer is installed on the seat, centering the stem and spring with respect to the center hole of the seat. A spring rests on the washer, compressed between the seat washer and the spring-loaded piston screwed onto the end of the stem. The rod with parts mounted on it is mounted in the cavity between the inlet channel and the outlet channel of the housing. A saddle resting on an external hemispherical surface on the housing or on a separate part, hermetically and motionlessly installed in the housing, performs the function of a check valve. When mounting the back-safety valve from the side of the housing outlet channel, the stem with the parts mounted on it is placed in a glass mounted motionlessly and hermetically in the housing.

The disadvantage of the valve prototype, made according to patent No. 2028531, is a limited function for regulating the return flow, which consists solely in protecting against outlet pressure.

The problem solved by the invention is the expansion of functionality.

The task is achieved in that the control apparatus, consisting of a rod with a valve installed on it with transverse through holes, resting the edge of the axial hole on the rod locking element, a compressed spring and a piston fixed on the rod, is mounted in the housing, between the input channel and the output channel , ensuring that the valve seals the channels of entry and exit among themselves. The rod is introduced movably into the hole to form a chamber isolated from the exit channel.

In the chamber behind the stem, a compression spring can be installed, resting on the stem.

The regulating apparatus may comprise a spring resting directly on the valve, and a spring pressing the locking part of the rod against the edge of the central hole of the check valve is located inside the spring resting on the check valve.

The regulatory apparatus may have an external mechanical impact device on the stem from the side of the stem chamber, consisting of a screw and a piston.

A spring installed in the control chamber is located between the piston with a screw and a rod.

A piston is installed between the spring installed behind the rod diameter to be sealed and the external mechanical adjustment screw, and there is a control chamber between the screw and the piston.

The rod has a through axial bore, the rod being controlled by the piston through the chamber behind the piston and the piston may have an area larger than the sealing area of the rod.

The regulator’s casing has passage channels, and the rod hole enters the passage channel of the device casing, behind which there is a piston with a screw, between which there is a second control chamber.

This embodiment of the regulatory apparatus allows you to expand the functionality, as it becomes controllable, externally adjustable and can perform the functions of a check valve, brake valve and safety valve. Moreover, in the proposed device, you can adjust the start of the opening externally and open it mechanically.

The claimed solution is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the apparatus regulating in the context, when mounting the rod with the valve, springs and piston in the housing from the outlet channel of the housing.

Figure 2 shows the apparatus that regulates in section when mounting the assembled rod with a valve, springs and piston from the side of the input channel of the housing.

Figure 3 shows the control apparatus in section with a mechanical opening screw, with two control channels.

Figure 4 shows a regulating apparatus in section, with a through hole in the rod, with a control piston having an area greater than the area of the rod.

Figure 5 shows the apparatus adjusting in section with a passage channel in the housing, a screw for mechanical opening and with a parallel control camera.

The control apparatus consists of a rod 1 with a valve 2 sequentially mounted on the rod 1 with transverse holes 3, the axial hole 5 resting on the edge 4 on the locking part 6 of the rod 1, a compressed spring 7 and a piston 8. The piston 8 is fixed on the rod 1 with a locking ring 9. Transverse the holes 3 are connected with the axial hole 5 of the valve 2. The rod 1 together with the valve 2, the spring 7 and the piston 8 is mounted in the housing 10, between the input channel 11 and the output channel 12, with the channels 11 and 12 being sealed to each other. The rod 1 moves movably into the hole 13 with the formation of the chamber 14, isolated by a seal 15 from the outlet channel 12. The chamber 14 has a hole 16 for connecting an external pressure source (an external pressure source is not shown).

When mounting the assembled rod 1 into the housing 10, from the side of the outlet channel 12, the hole 13 and the chamber 14 are located in the glass 17 mounted motionlessly and hermetically in the housing 10. In this case, the valve 2 can lean directly into the housing 10 on the edge of the input channel 11. B if the material of the housing 10 cannot provide the allowable specific pressure of the valve 2 on the edge of the inlet 11, a sleeve 18 is installed in the housing, which is fixedly and tightly mounted in the housing 10.

To preload and return to the initial position of valve 2, a spring 19 can be installed. Spring 19 is set for the connection mode of the inlet channel 11 with a drain, provided that there is no pressure in the chamber 14, and if the reverse flow from the outlet channel 12 to the inlet channel 11 does not provide the return of valve 2 to its original position.

When mounting the assembled rod 1 with a valve 2, a spring 7 and a piston 8 with a lock ring 9 into the housing, from the side of the inlet channel 11, it is preferable to make a hole 13 for the rod 1 in the housing 10. To ensure the assembly of the apparatus, the inlet channel 11 is made in the sleeve 20 fixedly and hermetically installed in the housing 10. The valve 2 is supported by the edge of the inlet channel 11, made in the sleeve 20. In order to simplify the manufacture and orientation of the hole 16, to connect the chamber 14 to an external control pressure source, the chamber 14 is located in the cover 21, the rod 13 closing the hole 1.

In accordance with the invention, a spring 22 can be installed in the chamber 14, acting on the rod 1. The force of the spring 22 can be adjusted by gaskets 23. By adjusting the force of the spring 22, the pressure required on the sealing area of the rod 1 in the chamber 14 is set to start opening the shutter 6 Stem 1. In addition to adjusting the pressure of the start of opening, the spring 22 can return the valve 2 to its original position through the stem 1, the piston 8 with the locking ring 9 and the spring 7. When the spring 22 is located in EPE 14, reduced the length of the rod 1 and the dimensions of the device.

According to the invention, the control apparatus can be equipped with a return spring 24 directly resting on the valve 2. In this case, the spring 7, which presses the locking part 6 of the rod 1 against the edge of the central hole 5 of the valve 2, is located inside the return spring 24. This arrangement of the return spring 24 eliminates the influence return spring 24 to the characteristic pressure control, opening the locking element 6 of the rod 1.

However, it is preferable to minimize the size and functioning of the apparatus regulating the presence of springs 22 and 24. If the force necessary to return the valve 2 to its original position is distributed between the springs 22 and 24, then the outer diameter and the diameter of the applied wire of the springs 22 and 24 are reduced. Accordingly, the spring stiffness 22, which serves to set the opening start pressure of the locking element 6 of the rod 1, will have less effect on the full opening range of the locking element 6 and the characteristic of the check valve 2.

According to the invention, the control apparatus can have an external mechanical adjustment of the spring 22, for this purpose a control piston 25 is installed in the chamber 14, which can be acted upon by a screw 26. The screw 26 with the control piston 25 allows, in addition to adjusting the force of the spring 22, to open the mechanical locking element 6 with the screw 26. Between the control piston 25 of the screw there is a control chamber 27. In this case, the control piston 25 is better to perform over an area larger than the area of the rod 1, respectively, of the hole 13. This allows to reduce the amount of control pressure when applying control pressure to the control piston 25 to the chamber 27. When controlling the apparatus, applying pressure to the chamber 27, the chamber 14 can be connected to the atmosphere when the control apparatus is in the atmosphere. If it is impossible to connect the hole 16 with the atmosphere (for example, in a humid climate), the camera 14 is connected through the hole 28 in the rod with the inlet channel 11, which is connected during operation of the device in the brake mode with a drain into the tank. If the hole 16 is connected to the atmosphere, a standard breather with an air filter is installed in the hole 16 (breather not shown). If there is a through hole in the stem, a sealed plug is installed in the hole 16 and a camera 27 is used for control.

When installing the control device on the hydraulic motor, the housing 10 may have a passage channel 29, while the hole 13 of the rod 1 exits into the passage channel 29. A control piston 25 with a control chamber 27 is installed behind the passage channel 29. The control chamber 27 and the screw 26 are located in the cover 30 covering the hole of the control piston 25.

For stable operation of the regulatory apparatus there is a shock-absorbing chamber 31 formed by a piston 8 installed with a gap 32 in the hole 33.

To perform the function of the pressure protection in the output channel 12, the hole 5 is larger than the hole 13.

The regulatory apparatus operates as follows.

When applying the flow of the working medium under pressure to the inlet channel 11, the valve 2 together with the stem 1 compresses the return springs 19, 22, 24, opens and passes the fluid from the inlet channel 11 to the output channel 12 of the housing 1. In this case, the working medium from the shock-absorbing chamber 31 flows through the gap 32 between the piston 8 and the hole 33. In the absence of supply and, accordingly, a decrease in the pressure of the working medium in the inlet channel 11, the valve 2 with the stem 1 under the action of the springs 19, 22, 24 and the reverse flow and pressure returns to its original position, locking the channel exit 12 from the channel to move 11.

To ensure the braking mode, by regulating the flow from the output channel 12 to the input channel 11, connected at that time with a drain to the tank (not shown), a control pressure 14 is supplied through the hole 16 to the control chamber 14 through the hole 16. The rod 1, by means of a piston 8 with a locking ring 9, compresses the spring 7. The rod 1 extends from the hole 13 and the locking element 6 of the rod 1 opens the Central hole 5 of the valve 2. The Central hole 5 through the transverse holes 3 connects the output channel 12 to the input channel 11. The locking element 6 is opened in proportion to the pressure acting on the sealed area of the stem opening 13 and the stiffness of the spring 7, at pressures in accordance with the ratio of the areas of the locked surface of the central hole 5 of the valve 2 and the hole 13 ka 1.

When controlling the apparatus controlling the piston 25, applying the control pressure to the chamber 27, the locking element 6 is opened in proportion to the pressure of the control piston 25 acting on the area and the stiffness of the spring 7.

In the absence of force on the end face of the rod 1, the locking element 6 of the rod 1, the spring 7 presses the locking element 6 to the edge 4 of the valve 2, locking the Central hole 5.

When the apparatus is mechanically opened, a screw 27 is tightened, which, through the control piston 25, acts on the rod 1. When the rod 1 is pulled out by the screw 27, the central hole 5 is opened. Subsequently, the screw 27 is turned to its original position.

If there are 10 passage channels 29 in the housing, the control pressure for the rod 1 is the pressure in the passage channel 29.

When using to open the locking element 6 of the rod 1 of the pressure in the output channel 12, the control pressure is supplied through a control apparatus (not shown) to the chamber 27 between the control piston 25 and the screw 26.

While ensuring the difference in the area of the hole 5 and the hole 13, the apparatus protects against pressure elements of the hydraulic system connected to the output channel 12. The pressure in the output channel 12 acting on the ring of the difference in the area of the hole 5 and the hole 13 compresses the spring 7, the locking element 6 opens, limiting channel pressure 12.

The control apparatus, in the absence of a through axial hole 28, can be controlled by the pressure acting on the sealed end face of the rod 1, as well as the control pressure supplied to the end face of the piston 26, sequentially acting on the end face of the rod 1.

Claims (8)

1. The control apparatus consists of a stem and a valve sequentially installed on the stem with transverse holes connecting to the axial hole, and an axial hole resting on the stem of the rod, spring and piston fixed on the rod, with the stem together with the valve, spring and piston mounted in the housing between the inlet channel and the output channel with the valve providing sealing between the channels, characterized in that the rod is mounted movably in the hole with the formation of the control chamber, sealed seal from the outlet channel. 2. The regulatory apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression spring is installed behind the rod in the control chamber, based on the rod. 3. The regulatory apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a spring resting directly on the valve and a spring pressing the locking part of the stem against the edge of the central hole of the valve, located inside the spring resting on the valve. 4. The regulatory apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that behind the sealed diameter of the rod, a control piston and a screw are installed in series with the formation of control chambers between the rod and the control piston and between the control piston and screw. 5. The control apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a compression spring is installed between the rod and the control piston with a screw, and the screw with the control piston can sequentially act on the spring and the rod, and control chambers are formed between the rod and the control piston and between the control piston and screw. 6. The control apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the stem has an axial through hole, while the chamber between the stem and the control piston is sealed from the external environment, and the control chamber is located between the control piston and the screw. 7. The regulatory apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating valve body has a passage channel, and the stem hole extends into the passage channel of the housing, wherein the passage channel is a control camera for the rod. 8. The control apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that a control piston and a screw are installed behind the passage channel, between which a second control chamber is located.

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