RU2484293C1 - Diesel engine injector nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: diesel engine injector nozzle includes a hollow housing of a sprayer with a fuel supply channel, a shutoff cone, a pre-nozzle channel and nozzle holes, a shutoff needle provided with a guide, load-carrying and shutoff parts and arranged in a hollow housing with formation of an under-needle annular cavity and an annular channel located between the load-carrying part of the needle and the hole of the sprayer housing. The under-needle cavity is interconnected with the fuel supply channel. The load-carrying part of the needle is made in the form of a flattened cone having a larger base at the shutoff part of the needle, and the hole in the sprayer housing, from the under-needle annular cavity to the shutoff cone is made in the form of a flattened cone with a smaller base at the shutoff cone of the sprayer housing.

EFFECT: invention allows intensifying the spraying process in the sprayer by increasing the fuel flow velocity in the channel before the shutoff cone.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of engine construction, in particular to sprayers for diesel injectors.

A known atomizer for a diesel engine comprising a housing with a channel for supplying fuel connected to an annular pocket, an annular channel formed by a housing of the atomizer and a needle, a locking cone and a pre-nozzle channel (well) with nozzle openings (see Grekhov L.V., Ivaschenko N. A., Markov V.A. Fuel equipment and control systems for diesel engines: Textbook for universities. - M .: Legion-Avtodata, 2004. - 344 p., Ill., P. 71) drawing of a sprayer (ibid., P. 85). As noted in the work, the process of movement of fuel in the atomizer is stationary (ibid., P. 70), since the channel cross sections are constant.

There is a spray nozzle of a diesel engine containing a hollow body with a fuel supply channel, in which a needle is placed with a guide carrier and locking parts, and the bearing part of the needle is made in the form of screw grooves, which when injecting fuel allows it to swirl its flow at the entrance to the pre-nozzle channel and nozzle holes sprayer (see AS USSR No. 1513170, class F02M 61/10, application no. 18.05.87, publ. 07.10.89, bull. No. 37). This phenomenon improves the fineness of fuel atomization, however, the screw channels have a high hydraulic resistance, which reduces the flow rate and injection pressure (see L. Grekhov et al. Fuel equipment and diesel control systems ... p. 70).

The purpose of the invention is the intensification of the injection process in the atomizer by increasing the flow rate of the fuel in the channel in front of the locking cone.

Figure 1 shows a spray in longitudinal section.

A diesel injector atomizer comprising a hollow atomizer body 1 with a fuel supply channel 2, a locking cone 3, a pre-nozzle channel 4 and nozzle holes 5, a locking needle 6 made with a guide 7, bearing 8 and locking 9 parts and placed in the hollow body 1 with the formation a needle ring annular cavity 10 and an annular channel 11 formed by a needle bearing part 8 and an aperture of the spray gun housing 12 from the needle ring cavity 10 to the locking cone 3, the needle ring cavity 10 being in communication with the fuel supply channel 2, the bearing part 8 of the needle is made in the form of a truncated cone having a larger base at the locking part of the needle 9, and the hole in the body of the sprayer 12 from the needle ring cavity 10 to the locking cone 3 is made in the form of a truncated cone with a smaller base at the locking cone 3 of the atomizer body .

The implementation of the bearing part of the needle in the form of a truncated cone with a large base at the locking part of the needle and an opening in the sprayer body from the needle ring cavity to the locking cone in the form of a truncated cone, with a smaller base at the locking cone, forms an annular channel tapering to the locking cone. When the fuel moves along such a channel, the fuel speed increases inversely with the sectional area of the channel.

The atomizer nozzle operates as follows.

Fuel is supplied through channel 2 to the needle ring annular cavity 10 and annular channel 11. During fuel injection, the pressure in the cavities 10 and channel 11 rises to the injection start pressure, and a needle loaded with a spring (not shown) rises, fuel begins to move along the tapering annular channel 11 to the open locking cone 3, pre-nozzle channel 4 and nozzle holes 5. The fuel speed at the outlet of channel 11 at the locking cone 3 increases inversely with the cross-sectional area of channel 11, thereby intensifying the process with the injection through the nozzle atomizer.

Claims (1)

A diesel nozzle atomizer comprising a hollow atomizer body with a fuel supply channel, a locking cone, a pre-nozzle channel and nozzle holes, a locking needle made with a guide, a carrier and locking parts and placed in the hollow body to form a needle ring cavity and an annular channel located between the carrier part of the needle and the opening of the atomizer body, wherein the needle cavity is in communication with the fuel supply channel, characterized in that, in order to intensify the injection process, the carrier The needle is made in the form of a truncated cone having a larger base at the locking part of the needle, and the hole in the sprayer body, from the needle needle cavity to the locking cone, is made in the form of a truncated cone with a smaller base at the locking cone of the sprayer body.

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