RU2482886C2 - Method for overweight reduction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to experimental psychology and self-control skill learning, particularly to a psychological method for overweight reduction. The psychological contract is concluded to obligate the client to comply with a rational diet. A psychological training to normalise the eating behaviour is conducted, including at least four in-person group sessions of 4 to 7 days, alternated by the distant independent activity using the printed guidelines for psychology and eating behaviour dietary science, as well as a control visit. The psychological correction in the patients with conversion, senestopathic and/or anxiodepressive side effects include sessions for Stanislav Grof's transpersonal psychology in a combination with the audio-visual stimulation (AVS). The psychological correction in the patients with side effects in the form of social maladjustment provides the Bert Hellinger modified psychodrama sessions which involve the co-therapists to appear as the patients' family members. The psychological correction in the patients with deficient motivation includes cognitive-behavioural training in a combination with the AVS. The supportive psychological assistance comprises the additional sessions each of which provides counselling. A directed visualisation technique is used to induce ASC and to fix the AVS accompanied suggestions; the ASC is induced by V.P. Kolosov's transpersonal psychology followed by colour meditation to induce the meditative ASC in a combination with the AVS, and D.N. Uznadze's result attitudes are fixed. Each session is supported by counselling. At the first session, the targeted strategies of rational eating behaviour are presented. The following sessions aim at supporting the targeted eating behaviour and/or correcting the aberrant behaviour. The last session provides aiming at an attitude suggested the independent implementation of the targeted strategies. During the distant independent activity implying the first gap of the sessions, there are actualised positive effects of overweight reduction, then there are actualised positive effects of overeating and weight gain to make a final list of alternative pleasures associated other than with food consumption. At the first session, the overweight problem is disidentified from the patient's personality by psychosynthesis. During the first three sessions, there are held indirect psychological testing which includes physical therapy action and suggestion to the client that it promotes the weight reduction. At the second and third sessions, the suggestion is supported by inducing the altered state of consciousness (ASC) through holotropic breathing, and in the second session, aversion is additionally formed against an imaginary product that causes a neurotic desire, and in the third session - in relation to a real product that causes a neurotic desire, provided the further use thereof in the diet during the weight reduction. At each of the sessions, at least once in a combination with the AVS, the ASC is induced by directed visualisation, through relaxation and/or meditation, with at least one of these sessions aiming at fixing the previous suggestions and/or attitudes.

EFFECT: method enables forming the self-control skills to maintain the achieved result for a long period of time and to reduce the effect of the psychologist's personal characteristics on the therapeutic effectiveness.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of practical psychology and learning the skills of self-control, especially the skills of good nutrition.

BACKGROUND

The problem of overweight and obesity concerns the general population with different income levels in economically developed and developing countries. The health damage caused by obesity is comparable to the harm caused by smoking and drinking alcohol. Being overweight increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, diseases of the digestive system, liver and pancreas, worsens the quality of life, reduces self-esteem and negatively affects life expectancy.

The prevalence of organic disorders that cause overweight during normal eating behavior is negligible and does not exceed 1-2% of the total number of overweight people. The main causes of obesity are overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.

The most important target for eliminating obesity and correcting overweight is lifestyle and irrational eating behavior, in particular, compulsive eating behavior, chronic overeating, unbalanced in caloric content and component composition nutrition.

Known methods for correcting excess weight do not lead to a long-term effect, and medication and surgical methods of treatment are unsafe, and the use of intense physical exertion is contraindicated in many chronic diseases, in old and old age. In contrast, psychological methods have practically no contraindications, do not cause negative side effects and are highly effective (90% and higher). Thus, psychological training aimed at changing eating behavior is currently the preferred means of safe and long-term weight correction.

Known psychotherapeutic and psychological methods of weight correction encourage the patient to observe an effective diet and increase the level of physical activity. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization from 1970, to normalize body weight provides: fractional balanced diet, preferably 6 times a day, limiting the energy value of food, moderate exercise, giving up alcohol, constant monitoring (self-control) of body weight.

The usual arsenal of psychotherapeutic and psychological techniques used for this purpose includes, in particular, hypnosis, including non-directive (Erickson), transpersonal psychotherapy, including holotropic breathing, various types of indirect psychotherapy, including seed therapy based on the placebo effect .

A known method of weight correction, in which the psychotherapeutic effect is carried out once in a state of wakefulness and hypnotic sleep, form negative emotions for abuse of food with high energy value and prescribe a diet with an energy value of 800-900 kcal per day for 8 weeks (RF patent No. 2019996). The disadvantage of this method, which impedes the achievement of the technical result indicated below, is that the patient develops an aversion to high-calorie foods, in addition, a prolonged low-calorie diet leads to severe stress and withdrawal symptoms.

There is a method of weight correction, in which psychotherapy is carried out against the background of an altered state of consciousness, weight loss motivation is reinforced and strengthened by verbal suggestion, an autogeteresuggestive effect is carried out in the wakeful state and in the state of autogenous immersion, for which information on the digestive system function, properties and composition of food products is reported , then, taking into account information about personal characteristics and individual nutritional behavior of the patient, they formulate self-hypnosis and form a verbal a gram of indifferent attitude to food, which is instilled during an autogenic immersion, before going to bed, the received information is recorded by means of a visuomotor reaction in the form of filling out a diary and repeatedly writing self-hypnosis formulas with the left hand, and after waking up the self-hypnosis formulas are reproduced using ideomotor hand movements, the procedures are repeated daily for 7-10 days, and for 6 months, keeping and analyzing the diary continues and reproduce the self-hypnosis formulas before bedtime and after waking up (patent from the acquisition of the Russian Federation No. 2033199). The disadvantage of the method that impedes the achievement of the following technical result is its duration and complexity.

A known method of treating obesity, including psychotherapy and color exposure, in which psychotherapy is carried out in a cabin, painted or lit with orange light, the patient is offered food and at the same time include table lamps on both sides of the cutlery, on the one hand red, on the other green. so that the light from them does not fall on the patient's face (RF patent No. 2122441). This method does not allow to achieve persistent changes in stereotypes of eating behavior.

There is a method of treating nutritional obesity, which includes conducting psychotherapy in a state of meditation, followed by withdrawal of the patient from this state in which psychotherapy is previously carried out in the wakeful state, for this purpose, verbal suggestion reinforces and strengthens the motivation for weight loss, and then the patient is brought into a meditation state , they carry out an autoheterosuggestive effect, inspire an indifferent attitude to food, cause anorexic-dysphagic sensations, strengthen them mechanically m irritation of the anterior projection of the stomach and repeat the session after 1-2 days, the next session begins with irritation using the acupuncture or acupressure method of reflexogenic zones or points of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. The program for introducing into a meditative state includes a weight loss program, which is preliminarily calculated taking into account the weight loss parameters in the first two sessions and the autoheterosuggestive effect is repeated against the background of irritation of reflexogenic zones (RF patent No.2008028). This method does not allow to achieve a lasting effect.

A known method for the psychocorrection of obesity, including hypnotic psychotherapy against the background of the required psychoemotional state, inhibiting psychological dependence, accompanying verbal information with light, and / or color, and / or sound effects, in which correction is carried out in the form of three night psychotherapeutic sessions lasting from 8 to 10 hours each, alternating them with 40-42 hours of rest, each session is formed from a rational, suggestive and relaxation part; at the first session, by the method of rational psychotherapy, the patient develops targeted motivation for behavior, using verbal information, the content of which allows the patient to recognize the psychic causes of excess weight, then the patient is put into a trance and an aversive suggestive psychotherapy with modalities of positive and negative images is performed; at the second session, subjective attitudes are controlled and corrected by the method of rational psychotherapy, in a trance state they form the dominant for weight loss, on the basis of the “systemic structural trace”, they start or re-form the “vegetative memory” of a healthy organism; at the third session by the method of rational psychotherapy, the positive effect of treatment is fixed, then hypnotic suggestive verbal coding of the desired weight is carried out; and each session is completed by physical relaxation of the patient (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2218944 C1). The disadvantage of this method, which prevents the achievement of the following technical result, is the strong dependence between the effectiveness of therapy and qualifications, as well as the personal characteristics of the therapist. In addition, sleep deprivation is a powerful stress factor and can negatively affect people under stress.

A known method for the correction of obesity, including group and individual psychotherapy and reflexology, in which the correction is carried out in three sessions, the first two of which are carried out at night; at the first session, rational psychotherapy is consistently carried out, during which a psychotherapeutic contract is concluded, which provides for the separation of responsibility for treatment between the doctor and the patient, then rational psychotherapy is carried out, including the formation of an attitude to the problem and discussion of the principles of balanced nutrition, then non-directive is carried out simultaneously with acupuncture hypnotic psychotherapy aimed at activating internal resources, after which behavioral psychotherapy with the formation of an aversion in relation to a product that causes excessive appetite; at the beginning of the second session on rational psychotherapy, the importance of regulating the energy balance is emphasized, then acupuncture and general relaxing relaxation trance are performed, then transpersonal psychotherapy is carried out with the induction of an altered state of consciousness and a stereotype of a slender person is formed, then non-directive hypnotic suggestive therapy is aimed at maximizing satisfaction from minimum amount of food, after which acupuncture is carried out od at the same time with behavioral aversive therapy; the third session begins with rational psychotherapy aimed at fixing the normal body weight, then acupuncture is carried out, after that, when conducting behavioral psychotherapy, the dominant according to Ukhtomsky is formed, the results of psychotherapeutic correction are fixed; the course of treatment is 5 days, after 30-40 days they conduct a session of behavioral psychotherapy, where they monitor and provide moral support (RF patent No. 2198000). The disadvantage of this method, which impedes the achievement of the following technical result, is the complexity and invasiveness of acupuncture, as well as the strong influence of the personality characteristics of a psychotherapist on the effectiveness of treatment.

A known method of psychological correction of excess body weight, including group and individual psychotherapeutic effects and reflexology, in which the correction is carried out in 7 sessions; at the first individual session, the causes of excess body weight are identified and based on this, groups of patients are formed; at the second group session, rational psychotherapy is carried out and the attitude to the problem of internal conflicts associated with overweight is formed, the preferred nutrition skills for natural weight loss are formed, neuro-linguistic programming techniques are used to create installations to reduce hunger and appetite, and reflexology is performed in the form of acupressure to enhance muscle tone of the stomach; at the third group session, rational psychotherapy is carried out and a distinction is formed between the concepts of “hunger” and “appetite”, thereby shaping the nutritional skills of a slender person, they conduct non-directive hypnotic suggestive aversive therapy with the creation of an indifferent attitude to products that cause excessive appetite, conduct an acupressure session and use respiratory techniques with elements of transpersonal psychotherapy with the induction of an altered state of consciousness; at the fourth group session, through behavioral therapy, motivational aspects of reducing body weight and a slender person’s lifestyle are formed, then breathing techniques with elements of transpersonal psychotherapy are performed, the session is completed with a relaxation-resource trance to consolidate the experience gained in the session; at the fifth group session, they use methods of behavioral psychotherapy to create a stereotype of nutrition and behavior of a slender person, conduct gestalt therapy and form the maximum satisfaction from less food, as well as cathartic psychotherapy; the sixth individual session is carried out 14 days after the end of the intensive course of psychocorrection, the psychologist uses the method of rational and behavioral psychotherapy to form a further positive attitude to reduce body weight, conduct a trance state technique, and then carry out osteopathic treatment; the seventh group session is carried out 30 days after the end of the intensive course, the methods of personality-oriented psychotherapy are applied, after which, using the Erickson therapy methods, they form a positive attitude towards achieving the result, shaping the lifestyle and behavior of a slender person (RF patent No. 2352363, chosen as the closest analogue). The disadvantage of the analogue, which impedes the achievement of the following technical result, is that the total duration of the course is not enough to resolve intrapersonal conflicts with the help of rational and / or cathartic psychotherapy, even with reference to one member of the group. The claimed method is distinguished by the fact that in it psychological counseling includes the formation of the so-called “internal picture of the disease” (Luria AR) using the method of psychosynthesis (see Assagioli R. Psychosynthesis. Refl book, 1997, ISBN: 5-87983 -027-6), which allows the participant not only to recognize the psychological causes of excess weight and their mistakes, but also to disidentify their personality with the problem of excess weight, increase self-esteem and avoid the appearance of guilt.

Another disadvantage of the analogue, which impedes the achievement of the following technical result, is the irrational order of following its stages. Namely, the formation of motivation begins after several sessions of behavioral psychotherapy. This leads to an increase in the total duration of the course. The claimed method is characterized in that the client’s motivation is formed before the formation of the basic skills necessary for weight loss. To do this, use the goal-setting technique, aimed at enhancing motivation to take actions leading to the desired changes (see, for example, I. Vachkov, Fundamentals of group training technology. 3rd ed., Moscow, “Axis-89”, 2007) .

Another disadvantage of the analogue that impedes the achievement of the following technical result is that several meetings are not enough to effectively affect the tone of the muscles of the stomach through acupressure. The claimed method is characterized in that instead of acupressure, the seminal-su-jock technique is used, which is used as an indirect psychological technique, leveling the influence of the personality of the psychologist. The seed-su-jock technique is combined with a meditative technique aimed at shifting kinesthetic attention to the left epigastric region, which allows you to quickly achieve a feeling of primary satiety.

A common disadvantage of the above methods based on psychophysiological correlation is their low efficiency and instability of the effect achieved, while the disadvantage of methods aimed at changing eating behavior is that the effect achieved strongly depends on the personality characteristics and qualifications of the therapist.

Another common disadvantage of the above methods is that they can lead to subdepressive and asthenic disorders in some patients. Eating disorder has a different etiology in different groups of patients. In some, eating disorders occur amid excessive stress, and overeating is a compensatory adaptation mechanism. For others, excess food intake is a source of positive emotions lost in life. In practice, both causes can be combined with each other in different proportions. Imperative restriction of food intake can cause serious psychosomatic disorders in such individuals and lead to subdepressive disorders.

The claimed method is devoid of this drawback, since it provides for a voluntary change in the stereotypes of eating behavior, without the directive limitation of the amount of food and can be applied to non-hypnotizable people.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is the correction of the patient’s body weight, the formation of self-control skills to maintain the achieved result over a long period of time and reduce the influence of personal characteristics of the psychologist on the effectiveness of the work.

The problem is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of reducing excess weight, in which they conclude a psychological contract obliging a person to observe a rational diet and conduct psychological training, which includes at least four full-time group sessions with a total duration of 4 to 7 days, between by which the participant performs independent work in absentia, using printed guidelines on the psychology and preventive dietetics of rational eating behavior, as well as control a meeting at least 25 days after the start of the course, and if side effects occur and / or if eating disorders are detected after the end of the face-to-face sessions, a corrective and / or supporting psychocorrection meeting is prescribed, and psycho-correction of clients with conversion, senestopathic and / or anxiety-depressive side effects include sessions of transpersonal psychology according to Stanislav Grof in combination with audiovisual stimulation (ABC), psychocorrection of participants with side effects in the form of social total disadaptation includes psychodrama sessions according to Bert Hellinger, in which the therapists play the role of the client’s family members, psychocorrection of participants with a motivation deficit includes cognitive-behavioral training in combination with ABC, and supporting psychocorrection includes additional sessions, each of which carries out psychological counseling, by the method of directed visualization induce ASC and fix suggestions accompanied by ABC, induce ASC through transpersonal psychotechnics according to Kol owl VP conducted color meditation induce meditation ISS in conjunction with ABC and fixed installation on the result of Uznadze DN .; in the aforementioned method, psychological counseling is carried out at each of the sessions, and at the first session, target strategies for rational eating behavior are presented, at the next sessions, target eating behavior is supported and / or behavior that deviates from the target is corrected, and at the last session, confidence is established in the quality of the setting independent implementation of targeted strategies, in the course of correspondence independent work in the first interval between sessions, the positive effects of weight loss are updated, they update the positive effects of overeating and excess weight and, finally, form a list of alternative sources of pleasure that are not related to food consumption, in the first session, the problem of excess weight is disidentified with the personality of the training participant by the method of psychosynthesis, the first three sessions conduct indirect psychotechnology, which includes reflex exposure and convincing the client that it contributes to weight loss, in the second and third sessions, the installation is supported by induction of an altered state of consciousness (IP C) by means of controlled breathing techniques, and in the second session, an aversion is additionally formed in relation to an imaginary product that causes a neurotic attraction, and in the third - in relation to a real product that causes a neurotic attraction, subject to its further use in the diet in the process of weight loss, on each of the sessions, at least once in combination with ABC, induce ASCs by the method of directed visualization, through relaxation and / or meditation, while at least one of these sessions reinforce previously presented suggestions and / or attitudes.

In a private embodiment, groups are formed using the DEBQ questionnaire to identify restrictive, emotiogenic, and external types of eating disorders, and the test results are taken into account when conducting psychological counseling and nutritional recommendations. Dietary recommendations are distinguished by the absence of prohibitions on the choice of certain foods, and weight loss is achieved, mainly due to the limitation of the energy value of food.

In one particular embodiment, the psychological contract obliging the client to observe a rational diet can oblige the participant, in particular, to eat at least four times a day, count calories of food eaten, keep a food diary, periodically measure weight, do not drink alcohol during weight loss, limit the intensity of subjectively heavy physical exertion for a period of weight loss and take multivitamin nutritional supplements. Preferably, when the psychologist justifies the need for each of these conditions.

Psychological counseling in the first session includes the presentation of targeted strategies for rational eating behavior and can be aimed at forming an attitude to the problem of overweight.

The psychologist can begin the first session with the formation of an “internal picture of the disease” (Luria A.R.), talking about the physiological and psychological causes of being overweight, about ways to reduce it, about the features of the claimed method, explaining techniques for weight loss and maintaining optimal body weight. This allows a person to recognize the psychic causes of overweight and their mistakes.

According to the method of psychosynthesis (Assagioli R. Psychosynthesis. Refl book, 1997, ISBN: 5-87983-027-6), the psychologist disidentifies the problem of overweight with the personality of the participant, for which a game approach can be used, according to which the normal body is disidentified with adipose tissue and it is proposed to fight with abstracted fat, and not with yourself. This allows you to increase the self-esteem of participants and avoid the emergence of feelings of guilt.

The time interval between psychological counseling and other psychotechnicians in the claimed method is preferably not more than 20 minutes.

At each of the first three sessions, psychological counseling is carried out, which includes reflex action and the suggestion of a verbal installation that it helps to reduce weight, reduce stomach volume, increase metabolism and / or create other physiological prerequisites for weight loss.

The main goal of indirect psychotechnology is the placebo effect. An additional goal of indirect psychotechnology is the formation of associative relationships between verbal installation and reflex exposure, which can be used in subsequent stages in combination with other methods to increase the effectiveness of fixing installations.

A preferred method of reflex exposure is acupressure. Acupressure is preferably carried out by exposing the point to XU-CHI or HA-GU. According to one of the possible methods, a grain of buckwheat, rice or another plant is attached to one of the hands on the XU-CHI or HE-GU point on one of the hands and rotated with the index finger of the opposite hand for one or several minutes clockwise.

Preferably, when in the claimed method, acupressure is additionally carried out between the change of psychological techniques.

In each of the sessions, an ASC is induced at least once in a participant. For the induction of ASC in the claimed method, only non-directive hypnotic suggestive methods are used, such as the method of directed visualization (Erickson psychology) and controlled breathing.

At each of the sessions, at least one ASC is combined with ABC. ABC parameters are always selected taking into account the objectives of the ASC.

Preferably, when the first ASC induced in the first session is a relaxation session, one of the main purposes of which is to relieve stress.

The duration of relaxation and meditation sessions in the inventive method is preferably from 20 to 30 minutes.

It is desirable when before using a new psychological device, the psychologist explains his basic principles and mechanisms of influence on the goal. For example, before the first immersion in ASC, psychotherapists can explain that ASC is a normal, natural state that a person experiences every day, and give examples of a natural trance (riding a bus or watching an interesting film with subsequent disorientation in time). The psychologist can pay attention to the fact that any healthy person can enter a trance state and that in a trance state the participant fully controls himself and controls himself.

Previously made installations are preferably fixed by combining ASC with ABC. The effectiveness of fixing increases in the standing position of the person, the back is straight, the feet are together, the arms hang freely along the body, the chin is raised, the center of gravity of the body is shifted to the socks, the look is raised up.

The preferred setting for the first session is to reduce the volume of the stomach, for which kinesthetic attention is concentrated in the epigastric region and confirm the previously made setting to reduce the volume of the stomach.

The general requirement for assignments for correspondence independent work is that they can be easily completed by any participant.

The goal of correspondence independent work in the first interval between sessions is the construction of the achieved goal, and the strengthening of motivation for this, the patient actualizes the positive changes that will occur after weight loss.

In a private embodiment, as a correspondence independent work in the first interval between sessions, the participant writes with his left hand at least seven positive changes that will occur after weight loss.

The duration of each of the sessions in the claimed method is preferably from 4.5 to 5 hours

One of the goals of psychological counseling in the second and subsequent sessions is to support targeted eating behavior and correct deviant behavior. Psychological counseling may include a discussion of feelings and emotions that arise in the process of eating and counting calories, explaining the principles of a balanced diet, explaining the need to calculate the energy value of food and observing the rules of eating behavior according to the contract, setting the range of daily calorie content depending on body mass index (BMI), age and nature of work. Psychological counseling may include an explanation of the differences between hunger, appetite, and satiety. Examples from the life of the participants are allowed. Hunger is a combination of unpleasant sensations, manifested in the form of emptiness and stomach cramps, in the instinctive feeling of the need for food, it occurs when the body’s energy reserves have decreased below the level necessary for balance, and appetite is a general feeling of pleasant emotional sensations that are associated with the desire of a person to take certain foods, it is based on the desire to get the pleasant sensations that accompany the intake of a particular food. In contrast to hunger, appetite occurs with sufficient energy reserves of the body. Satiation is the lack of desire to eat caused by food intake. At its core, it is the opposite of a feeling of appetite and hunger.

The second session preferably includes immersion of the participant in the ASC accompanied by ABC for relaxation and activation of internal resources. Against the background of ASC, the psychologist can activate vital events saturated with positive emotions, use developmental metaphors, and strengthen the mindset about strengthening metabolic processes.

At the second and third sessions, elements of transpersonal psychology are used, in particular controlled breathing (a modification of holotropic breathing according to Stanislav Grof. Before the first use of this method, the psychologist talks about it, forms the group’s opinion that after this procedure weight loss will be faster, and conducts a session during which the participants control their breathing by making rhythmic deep breathing movements.The effectiveness of the method is enhanced in combination with musical accompaniment, melodic structure, rhythm m and whose musical size is close to the natural rhythms of breathing and heartbeat.The preferred duration of controlled breathing is at least 1 hour.

The psychologist should strive to anticipate the appearance of any new sensations and experiences caused by psychological methods new to the participants in the process of technology, and to associate these feelings and sensations with beneficial changes that occur or may occur under the influence of these methods.

The second session includes an aversive psychological technique with elements of neuro-linguistic programming. A person in his imagination presents products that cause appetite, and then - objects that cause disgust. The psychologist can offer participants to close their eyes and present on the left palm a piece of some product that causes excessive appetite, and after successful visualization, accompanied by a sensation of appetite, the task is to present an object that causes disgust in the right palm, for example, a crushed rat. Attention is focused not on the feeling of disgust for the rat, but on the feeling of pity for it. Then they give instructions to rub their palms.

Carrying out aversive psychotechnics after transpersonal facilitates the transformation of behavioral stereotypes and changes a person’s attitude to products that cause a neurotic attraction.

One of the tasks of correspondence independent work in the interval between the second and third sessions is to mitigate the resistance, aggression and dissatisfaction of the participants, which may be caused by physiological changes in the body of clients. For this, as part-time independent work between the second and third sessions, it is proposed to update the positive effects of overeating and overweight.

Psychological counseling in the third session is aimed at supporting targeted eating behavior and may include monitoring the eating behavior of each member of the group, supporting successful actions, discussing erroneous actions by the whole group and / or discussing ways to solve problems. Psychological counseling may also include a discussion of feelings of shame and guilt that violate eating behavior, and the application of dissociation techniques to them. The psychologist discusses the positive aspects of obesity and overeating and suggests their alternative and harmless equivalents.

Inverse psychotechnics in the second and third sessions is preferably carried out after carrying out the aforementioned technique associated with intensive breathing.

Even more preferably, when the aversive psychotechnics in the second and third sessions is carried out after the induction of ASC, aimed at activating internal resources in combination with ABC.

Aversive psychotechnics in the third session is carried out using real food products. At the same time, the possibility of further use of these products in the diet is emphasized. Thus, human freedom in choosing a diet is not limited.

As a task for correspondence independent work, participants are offered to find significant pleasures and entertainments that are not related to food.

Psychological counseling at the fourth session is aimed at consolidating confidence in the independent continuation of the process of weight loss and may include building an image of a successful person, enriching the sphere of interests and hobbies, analyzing the system of relations of participants with significant people, smoothing out conflicts in the sphere of socially significant relations, increasing self-esteem, strengthening the motive for weight loss, optimizing the categories of time and money in the value system of the training participants, assistance in highlighting the most important for these categories for weight loss.

For the induction of ASCs by directional imaging in the fourth session, positive results of changes in eating behavior are preferably used. As a setting inspire confidence in the independent achievement of the desired result.

They fix the installation on achieving the desired result in the ISS accompanied by ABC according to the method of Uznadze D.N.

A control meeting is carried out at least 25 days after the start of the course, since a long break is required to consolidate the new habitual eating behavior. In case of difficulties, the units are re-fixed using the method described above.

The method may include one or more repetitions of one or more of the above sessions, or may include one or more additional sessions, which can be constructed according to the above schemes according to an independent embodiment of the method, and include induction of ASC in combination with ABC.

As described above, one of the distinguishing features of the present invention is the use of ABC. The principle of audiovisual stimulation is based on the simultaneous intensive exposure of several channels and modalities of perception. As a result of an increase in the stimulus intensity, cerebral blood flow and trophic processes in the nervous tissue are enhanced, and the storage of information is facilitated.

The impact is carried out at frequencies close to the natural frequencies of the electrical activity of the brain. At the same time, brain activity is synchronized with the frequencies at which they act by flickering light and sound pulsations, such as binaural beats. Binaural pulsation arises as a result of delivering to each ear sounds of a pure tone, with a small difference in frequencies and is perceived as a smoothly pulsating rhythm.

Different frequencies of the electrical activity of the brain correspond to certain physiological conditions, such as sleep, wakefulness, intense attention, relaxation, etc. Thus, the choice of one or more frequencies of stimulation allows you to purposefully change the state of the psyche.

In particular, the frequency of 10 Hz, corresponding to the alpha rhythm, creates a state of serenity, calm contemplation, peace, well-being, relaxed wakefulness, the use of frequencies of 6 Hz and 4.9 Hz, corresponding to the theta rhythm, causes relaxation, reduces criticality of thought, facilitates access to the unconscious, causes free associations, makes it easy to absorb information, the use of a frequency of 14 Hz, corresponding to low beta waves of the sensorimotor rhythm, helps to increase the plasticity of thinking processes, this frequent that is associated with a state of rest, the perception of their own body, coordination and active attention states.

As additional modalities, both the color of light flashes and the sequence of color changes can be used. The color effect allows you to purposefully shape the emotional state of the patient. In particular, the scarlet color has an exciting effect, increases activity, sensuality, determination. The turquoise color creates a feeling of purity, coolness. The blue color calms, radiates reliability, reduces stress, it is the color of “calm emotionality”, makes it possible to be outside the boundaries of society, expands the space. Yellow-green color promotes activity in social contacts, knowledge of the new. Yellow color increases concentration, helps to overcome limitations, expand opportunities, and speed up decision-making. The green color helps to dispel negative emotions, brings peace and tranquility, helps to concentrate, and has sleeping pills. Red color has an exciting effect, increases activity, sexuality, enhances the work of the endocrine glands. Cream color has a mild effect, expands the space, facilitates the perception of reality, gives confidence that everything will be in order. Orange color contributes to the increase of strength, energy, psychological flexibility. Pink color causes a feeling of comfort, a feeling of kindness, romance, eliminates obsessive thoughts. Light violet color calms with anxiety, symbolizes intuition, has a soft, non-intense effect. Light green color has a light, harmonizing effect, disperses negative emotions. Light gray color contributes to the achievement of a liberated, elevated state, well calms, pacifies. The blue-green color helps to dispel negative emotions, brings peace and tranquility, creates a feeling of refreshing coolness. Blue color contributes to dreaminess, separation from reality, immersion in thought. Maroon promotes confidence, strong-willed decisiveness, immersion in deep thought. The dark blue color causes an immersion in oneself, promotes dreams, sadness, causes a loss of a sense of reality, the need for physiological rest and satisfaction, this is the color of dreams. Violet color increases sensuality, suggestibility. Black color causes curiosity, a sense of mystery, alertness.

ABC modalities are chosen in such a way as to create an emotional state that is most conducive to the assimilation of new stereotypes of behavior and attitudes.

The use of ABC in the claimed method eliminates the influence of personal characteristics and qualifications of a psychologist on the effectiveness of traditional methods of psychotechnology, increases the perception of training participants, reduces their resistance to suggestion and enhances the effectiveness of the impact in an ultra-additive way.

The claimed method does not cause an aversion to food, forms skills and beliefs that allow you to independently reduce body weight and maintain the achieved result. After completion of the training, the participant can independently control body weight and calorie content within certain limits until the desired result is achieved, eat fractionally, refuse fasting, heavy physical exertion and food prohibitions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following examples are given only to illustrate an inventive idea. Nothing in this section of the description should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be clear that the average person familiar with the ideas of the present invention, can use its main distinguishing features and make equivalent replacements to achieve the task and without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

EXAMPLE 1

On the first day, a group of participants aged 18 to 65 years who do not have contraindications for weight loss is formed. At a preliminary psychological consultation, the psychologist at least 1.5 hours talks about the principles of reducing and maintaining normal weight and concludes a psychological contract with the group, providing for the calculation and recording of calorie intake, refusal to drink alcohol, fractional nutrition, at least 4 times per day, daily weight control, the absence of any prohibited foods, limitation of heavy physical exertion, compliance with water regimen, multivitamin intake.

Then a self-massage is performed, for which purpose buckwheat grain (rice, etc.) is attached to the XU-CHI point of one of the hands with a hypoallergenic patch and rotated with the index finger of the opposite hand for one minute clockwise, at the same time the participants are focused on the kinesthetic areas of the epigastrium and in the affirmative form report that this will subsequently help to reduce the stomach and / or enhance metabolic processes.

Then, dissociation is carried out for 1 hour by the method of psychosynthesis. For this, the problem of excess weight and obesity is disidentified with the person. The psychologist creates a vivid image of the problem and explains the mechanisms of its occurrence and development, and then shows that the impact is aimed only at combating the problem and does not affect the personality of the participant.

After that, a directed visualization session is conducted for 25 minutes in combination with audiovisual stimulation (2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, 1 min 4.9 Hz, dark blue and cream color alternate) to create a state of relaxation and 30 minutes each participant is surveyed about their well-being. Discussion of the effects of ABC develops a trusting relationship between the psychologist and the group and allows you to reduce resistance to changes and create an altered state of consciousness (ASC), contributing to the assimilation of new behavior.

For a minute, they re-stimulate the XU-CHI point, at the same time tell a psychological metaphor.

In a standing pose, the back is straight, the feet together, the arms hang freely along the torso, the chin is raised, the center of gravity of the body is shifted to the socks, the look is raised, for 25 minutes a directional imaging session is conducted accompanied by ABC (3.5 min 10 Hz, 2 5 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, 5 min 14 Hz, dark blue and cream color alternate, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, dark blue, blue-green, purple alternate, light green, dark blue and blue-green, or 2 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, alternate dark blue and blue-green, or 2 min 10 Hz, 1 min 6 Hz, alternate red and eskers color) to secure the suggestion to reduce the volume of the stomach and the rapid saturation of less food. As an independent work, the participant is invited to write with the left hand in the diary seven positive changes that will occur after weight loss. Other well-known methods aimed at building goal achievement and strengthening client motivation can be used.

The second day begins with psychological counseling, during which they analyze the results of independent work, support changes in eating behavior, find out the difficulties that arise and help find a way to solve them. The psychologist finds out what emotions arise in the process of nutrition and calorie counting, explains how to distinguish hunger from appetite in various situations, explains what emotions are hidden behind appetite, stimulates emotional work with psychological metaphors, for each client, depending on height, age, weight and nature of the work assigns a range of daily calories.

Spent self-massage, as described above. Then, for 25 minutes, a guided visualization session is conducted in combination with ABC aimed at creating a relaxation state (2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, 1 min 4.9 Hz, dark blue and cream color alternate).

For 15 minutes, the psychologist talks about the method of S. Grof and forms the group’s opinion that after this procedure, weight loss will be faster. Then, for 20-25 minutes, the members of the group control their breathing, making rhythmic deeper breathing movements with musical accompaniment. Then for 15 minutes a psychological metaphor is told.

Then, over the course of 5 minutes, an aversive NLP technique is performed. Participants close their eyes and present on the left palm a piece of some product that causes excessive appetite, then they are given the task of presenting a crushed rat on their right palm, after which they give instructions to rub their palms.

Spent self-massage, as described above. At the same time they are telling a psychological metaphor.

As an independent work, the participant is invited to (a) prepare products for the next day that, according to his own ideas, cause an increased desire, (b) find and write in the diary the positive aspects of overeating and overweight, (c) bring along products that from the point of view of group members, they can interfere with weight loss, and the products should be ready for use.

The third day begins with psychological counseling and homework related to the positive aspects of obesity, where they check the eating behavior of each group member, support successful actions, discuss erroneous ones and the whole group outlines ways to solve difficult situations. Two feelings that violate eating behavior are discussed: shame and guilt. Apply the technique of dissociation in relation to these feelings. They discuss the positive aspects of obesity and overeating and find alternative and harmless ways to get these positive points.

Spent self-massage, as described above.

Then, for 20-25 minutes, participants control their breathing, making rhythmic deep breathing movements.

Immediately without a break, to mitigate the stress caused by intense breathing, color meditation is carried out in combination with ABC (1.5 min 10 Hz, purple and light green, red and pink, orange and yellow-orange, yellow and light gray, alternate and blue-green, cyan and turquoise, navy blue and blue, purple and light purple scarlet and yellow).

After this, an aversive psychotechnology is carried out to change the attitude to “forbidden” products. Each participant places products brought with him on his left palm. Then, biting and chewing each piece 9 times, spits chewed on the right palm. As a result, all brought products are chewed and are in the right palm. The psychologist suggests tossing everyone their chewed foods into a transparent bag. As a result, the bag is filled with a heterogeneous mass. Next, the task is given to spit in the package and stretch its contents. After that, the participants demonstrate the package and they are given the installation: “At the festive table you can easily refuse an extra piece”

As a task for correspondence independent work, participants are invited to find new pleasures not related to food consumption. The psychologist suggests writing all those significant pleasures and entertainments that are not related to food that may be in the life of each member of the group.

Psychological counseling in the fourth session includes the consolidation of confidence in the independent continuation of the process of weight loss. The psychologist creates the image of a successful person, works out the categories of time and money, invites each member of the group to write down all their hobbies and entertainments, which they can really put into practice in the near future.

To increase self-esteem and strengthen motivation, the psychologist analyzes the system of client relationships with significant people, helps each member of the group to identify the most important category for themselves for weight loss.

Support for installations on the independent achievement of the desired result of the clients is introduced into the ASC by the method of directed visualization using the positive results of changes in eating behavior.

Fixing the installation to achieve the desired result is carried out according to D. Uznadze in the ASC state accompanied by ABC (3 min 10 Hz, alternate black and maroon, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2.5 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, alternate black and maroon, either 3 min 10 Hz, alternate orange and yellow-green, or 1.5 min 10 Hz, alternate scarlet and yellow) in a standing position, back straight, feet together, arms hanging freely along the body, chin up, center of gravity of the body shifted to socks, look raised up.

The session ends with a story of psychological metaphor.

At the control meeting, they provide psychological support to the participants, identify and correct errors, check the safety of the process of normalizing weight.

Self-massage point of the XU-CHI point is carried out according to the aforementioned method, the suggestion is made: "Stimulation of this point enhances the metabolic processes."

After that, fix the installation to achieve the desired result by D. Uznadze in the ASC state accompanied by ABC (3 min 10 Hz, alternate black and maroon, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2.5 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, alternate black and maroon, either 3 min 10 Hz, alternate orange and yellow-green, or 1.5 min 10 Hz, alternate scarlet and yellow) in a standing position, back straight, feet together, arms hanging freely along the body, chin up, center of gravity of the body shifted to socks, look raised up.

Each is given a sheet of A4, cut into 2 parts. The participant stands on one half of the sheet, at the same time the psychologist denotes all the negative sides of excess weight, then the sheet is torn. The client stands on the other half of the sheet, the psychologist indicates all the positive aspects of harmony, the desired weight is written on the sheet. After which the psychologist gives the task to attach this sheet to the floor scales, on which the group member will be weighed in the process of weight loss.

The control meeting is completed with a story of psychological metaphor.

After the end of intramural psychological training sessions, patients are remotely monitored and, if side effects of weight loss occur or when nutritional disorders are detected, corrective and / or supportive psychological assistance is prescribed according to examples 2 and / or 3.

EXAMPLE 2

Psychological correction

A clinical survey is conducted to identify contraindications and questionnaires of participants through the MMPI test and the standardized symptomatic questionnaire of Aleksandrovich (Aleksandrowicz JW, Biersynski K. “Kwestionariucre objawowe“ S ”and“ O ”- narsodsia sluzace do diagnosy i opisu saburzen nerwicapychie 1981 psycho .11-27). According to the test results, conversion, senestopathic and / or anxiety-depressive side effects, socially maladaptive individuals and persons with a lack of motivation are revealed. Based on the results of testing and interviewing, clients who have no contraindications are prescribed three types of psychocorrection: transpersonal psychotherapeutic training (according to Grof S.), systemic family placement (psychodrama modified by B. Hellinger) and cognitive-behavioral training (according to Fedorov A.P. )

Transpersonal psychology. Transpersonal psychology groups are composed of 12-18 participants with conversion, senestopathic and / or anxiety-depressive side effects, which are characterized by slow weight loss, sleep disturbances, pain of unclear localization with somatic well-being, frequent breakdowns. Contraindications are: diseases of the cardiovascular system, pregnancy, the postoperative period, organic pathology of the musculoskeletal system, epilepsy, exacerbation of any chronic disease.

Prior to the sessions, a psychological contract will be concluded with the client. Sessions are preferably carried out on Fridays from 18 to 24 hours, on Saturday and Sunday at 12 hours. The total duration of the sessions is 30 hours.

Sessions are carried out according to the method of Grof S. (according to the general scheme described, for example, in the encyclopedia "Psychotherapy" / Edited by B. D. Karvasarsky. - St. Petersburg, "Peter", 2000). At the beginning of the first session, participants are explained the session procedure and possible experiences. They emphasize that they are all absolutely normal. Explain the principles of working with the body. As additional tools, blankets, pillows, hygiene bags are used for those who experience vomiting during the session. All participants have loose clothing. Stitching, cutting objects and decorations clean.

At the beginning of each session, all parts of the body are relaxed and participants are introduced into a meditative trance in combination with ABC. Then they give a command to focus on the omissions “here and now”, recommend abandoning all past experiences and thinking about the future, and entrust each client with a sitter (individual assistant), whose task is to focus on his ward and experience compassion for him . At the end of relaxation, they suggest that the participant focus on breathing without changing his parameters. Then they propose to increase the subjective intensity of the respiratory rate by 2 times, achieving immersion of the client in ASC. Sitter controls the patient's respiratory rate. Preferably, it is agreed that in order to increase the breathing intensity of the participant, they touch the client’s arm, chest or shoulder. Do not recommend talking. In the future, the sitter monitors the condition of the participant and provides assistance if necessary. The duration of holotropic breathing, preferably, is 1.5-2 hours and includes a gradual increase in tension, the culmination of the experience and its resolution. Experienced experiences are related to the causes of eating disorders. In the final part of the session, participants exchange experiences and draw mandalas. To do this, on a sheet of A4 paper in the center of the circle, arbitrary drawings are applied with colored paints. This can be a combination of colors or images that reflect the experience of the main part of the session. Subsequently, the mandala is subjected to collective discussion, which contributes to a more complete integration of experiences. Supportive psychological assistance includes at least 5 sessions.

According to Bert Hellinger, a systemic family arrangement (psychodrama) is assigned to clients who have problems in the sphere of significant relationships and signs of social maladaptation. The training is carried out according to the method of psychodrama (as described, for example, in the encyclopedia of B. Karvasarsky, 2006). The participant plays the role of the protagonist, representing his problems, and the psychologist plays the role of the director, helping the client solve their problems. Participants performing auxiliary functions and enhancing the work of a psychologist act as catherapists. Cat therapists play the roles that the protagonist needs to solve the problem, in particular, make the unconscious relationship of the protagonist visible, guide the protagonist in solving problems and conflicts, and help the protagonist move from dramatic action to real life. The role of the audience is played by other participants who do not take a direct part in the psychodramatic action, but discuss the situation after it is completed in relation to themselves. The scene is where the psychodramatic action unfolds.

A psychodramatic session includes three stages. At the first stage, a protagonist is selected, diagnostic material is obtained (the so-called “request for solution of a problem” is identified), problems are previously discussed. At the second stage, a psychodramatic action is performed, during which the client reaches catharsis and realizes the true feelings hiding behind the appetite, or distorted attitudes that led to conflicts and stresses. In the third stage, the protagonist discusses the results with a psychologist, catherapists and spectators. As a result, the protagonist is provided with two types of feedback: role-based and identification. Role-based feedback includes feelings and experiences of the immediate partners of the played psychodramatic situation. Identification feedback is based on the possible identification with the protagonist or his partners of the audience who watched the action.

In the claimed method, psychodrama methods are used in the modification of Bert Hellinger, the problems of communication with significant people are worked out through the relationship of the client with his family members. For this, the therapists who play the role of the protagonist’s family are placed in space using limited expressive means - only looking in the direction, without any gestures or postures.

Cognitive-behavioral training is carried out individually in case of ineffective implementation of recommendations for weight loss. Each client, depending on the prevailing psychosomatic disorders identified through the aforementioned Alexandrovich questionnaire, is assigned an individual ABC program that is applied daily for at least 10 days. The intensity of ABC stimulation at the frequency of theta waves is preferably selected in direct proportion to the degree of neuroticism of the participant, according to the aforementioned questionnaire.

Cognitive-behavioral training is carried out in group sessions in accordance with the guidance of Fedorov A.P. Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2002, p. 280 and Fedorov A.P. Methods of behavioral psychotherapy. Textbook for medical students. - Leningrad, 1987, p.24). To do this, after weakening the psychological defensive reactions using well-known approaches (“problem analysis”, “setting your own value”), effective coping behavior programs are developed using cognitive-behavioral training techniques aimed at modeling effective coping techniques with complex life situations: research of choice (alternatives) of thoughts and actions; paradoxical techniques using humor; "Advantages and disadvantages"; training in self-control methods; methods of positive reinforcement and extinction (Fedorov A.P. Methods of behavioral psychotherapy. A manual for medical students. - Leningrad, 1987. - 24 p.).

During audiovisual stimulation at alpha-beta rhythms (alternating screen colors, audible clicks) at a frequency of 10 Hz, then 14 Hz alternating saturated green (R16, G59, B16, steady, stable, healthy, safe, calm, powerful color, saturated color of life), yellow-green (R166, G183, B19, stimulates the intellectual abilities of a person), green (R16, G59, B16 calms the nervous system, reduces pain, fatigue, normalizes blood pressure, favors concentration), yellow-green (R194 , G196, B24), green (R15, G85, B15), yellow (R203, G203, B17, life joyful color, contributes to solving problems and problems.), green (R15, G80, B16), cadmium yellow (R234, G192, B12, gold, it is radiant, stimulating, cheerful, sunny, energetic, fruity, invigorating), green ( R14, G102, B15), cadmium yellow (R234, G207, B12).

Audiovisual stimulation of the alpha-theta series is carried out at frequencies of 10 Hz, 6 Hz, 4.9 Hz, 14 Hz, alternating blue (R15, G15, B101, and its spectral shades, creates a cool environment, relieves pain with neuralgia and inflammation, under the influence of this person’s level of anxiety decreases, tension and blood pressure decrease), cold light green (R122, G234, B122, pure, vegetable, calms the nervous system, reduces pain, fatigue, normalizes blood pressure, favors concentration), lilac (R55, G16, B97, creative, tale pure color, helps to immerse oneself in fantasy), fluorescent green (R13, G223, B14, arouses associations, but incomprehensible, cold, leads to confusion), blue color (R16, G16, B70), green color (R14, G126, B14) , blue color (R15, G15, B101), blue-green (R13, G186, B130, cold, wet and mysterious color).

EXAMPLE 3

Supportive Psychological Assistance

For sessions of supportive psychological assistance, 12 to 20 clients are recruited into groups. The duration of the sessions is preferably 5 hours. Additional sessions are shown with a weakening of motivation, which manifests itself when the planned weight is achieved, with previous illnesses, with the occurrence of stressful events and at the participant’s own will to strengthen the acquired skills.

During the session, for 2 hours conduct psychological counseling with each member of the group. At psychological counseling, they work out ways to solve the problems that have arisen, utilize guilt and increase self-esteem due to the fact that clients are given the opportunity to find the similarity of their problems with the problems of other participants in the group.

During the break, seed therapy is performed. The duration of seed therapy is preferably 20 minutes.

After that, the participants are asked to take a standing pose, the back is straight, the feet together, the arms hang freely along the torso, the chin is raised, the center of gravity of the body is shifted to the socks, the gaze is raised up, and for about 25 minutes they are directed to visualize in combination with ABC (3.5 minutes 10 Hz, 2.5 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, 5 min 14 Hz, alternate dark blue and cream color, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, alternate dark blue, blue green, purple, light green, dark blue and blue-green color, or 2 min 10 Hz, 2 min 6 Hz, dark blue and blue-green color alternate, or 2 min 10 Hz, 1 min 6 Hz, alternate red and pink) to fix the installation of a decrease in the volume of the stomach and about quick saturation from a smaller amount of food. Meditation aimed at shifting kinesthetic attention to the left epigastric region, which enhances the feeling of primary satiety.

For 45 minutes they conduct a training of transpersonal psychology according to V. Kolosov. according to the standard technique of transpersonal therapy, recommended manual for doctors Kolosov V.P., Kanaeva L.S. Clinical transpersonal psychotherapy. - M .: State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry. Serbian V.P., 1996 .-- 15 p. To this end, they reveal their inner creative potential, form stereotypes of behavior of a slender person, change their attitude to themselves, their condition, and traumatic factors by inducing altered states of consciousness, which allows for a more effective and faster implementation of the process of normalizing eating behavior. Introduction to an altered state of consciousness is achieved by the following methods: (1) preliminary “tuning” psychological preparation, (2) specially selected music and (3) breathing exercises. Clients are invited to concentrate on exhalation, breathe intensively, feeling their own rhythm. If desired, movements are allowed to dance, wave hands, etc. Any reactions are allowed except manifestations of aggression and sexual harassment.

Immediately without interruption, against the background of an altered state of consciousness (ASC) caused by intense breathing, they conduct color meditation in combination with ABC (1.5 min 10 Hz, alternating purple and light green, red and pink, orange and yellow-orange, yellow and light gray, green and blue-green, cyan and turquoise, dark blue and blue, purple and light purple scarlet and yellow).

After a break, the installations are fixed to achieve the desired result by D. Uznadze in a state of meditative ASC accompanied by ABC (3 min 10 Hz, alternate black and dark bard color, or 2.5 min 10 Hz, 2.5 min 6 Hz, 4 min 4.9 Hz, alternate black and dark bard color or 3 min 10 Hz, alternate orange and yellow-green, or 1.5 min 10 Hz, alternate scarlet and yellow) in a standing position, back straight, feet together, arms hanging freely along the body, chin raised, center of gravity body is shifted to socks, eyes are raised up.

EXAMPLE 4

Influence of ABC, psychocorrection and supportive psychological assistance

To assess the impact of ABC, the method of example 1 was carried out without ABC, without psychocorrection and without additional sessions; it was tested on 119 participants. The results are presented in Table 1. The average body mass index before the start of the training was 35.58, by the end of the first month - 33.92, a year later - 31.12. The average change in body mass index over the year is 4.46.

The method according to example 1 using only cognitive-behavioral psychocorrection according to example 2 without supporting psychological assistance according to example 3 was tested on 47 participants for two years, the results are presented in Table 3. The average body mass index before the start of the training was 35.26, at the end of the second month - 32.90, after a year - 28.04, after two years - 28.72. The average change in body mass index during the year is 7.22, during two years - 6.54.

The method according to example 1 using only family system psychocorrection according to example 2 without supportive psychological assistance according to example 3 was tested on 45 participants for two years, the results are presented in Table 4. The average body mass index before the start of the training was 36.05, by the end the second month - 34.05, after a year - 28.31, after two years - 28.30. The average change in body mass index during the year is 7.74, over two years - 7.75.

The method according to example 1 using only transpersonal psychocorrection according to example 2 without supporting psychological assistance according to example 3 was tested on 51 participants for two years, the results are presented in Table 5. The average body mass index before the start of the training was 35.48, by the end of the second months - 33.25, after a year - 28.76, after two years - 28.30. The average change in body mass index during the year is 6.72, during two years - 7.18.

The same method, but using all types of psychocorrection described in Example 2 and supporting psychological assistance in Example 3 was tested on 89 participants for two years, the results are presented in Table 2. The average body mass index before the start of the training was 35.58 , by the end of the second month - 33.60, after a year - 30.25, after two years - 28.20. The average change in body mass index during the year is 5.33, during two years - 7.38.

Thus, it is shown that the use of ABC can significantly increase the efficiency of the method. Different types of psychocorrection show approximately the same effectiveness and can significantly reduce the number of breakdowns within 1-2 years after the end of the course.

Literature

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Claims (17)

1. A way to reduce excess weight, in which they conclude a psychological contract obliging the client to observe a rational diet and conduct psychological training to normalize eating behavior, which includes at least four full-time group sessions with a total duration of 4 to 7 days, between which the client performs independent correspondence work using printed guidelines on the psychology and dietetics of rational eating behavior, as well as a follow-up meeting, at least 25 seconds later current from the beginning of the course, and in case of side effects and / or if eating disorders are detected after the end of full-time sessions, they provide corrective and / or supportive psychological assistance, and psychocorrection of clients with conversion, senestopathic and / or anxiety-depressive side effects includes sessions of transpersonal psychology according to Stanislav Grof, in combination with audiovisual stimulation (ABC), psychocorrection of clients with side effects in the form of social maladaptation includes psycho-sessions In the modification of Bert Hellinger, in which the therapists play the role of the client’s family, psycho-correction of clients with a lack of motivation includes cognitive-behavioral training in combination with ABC, and supportive psychological assistance includes additional sessions, each of which provides psychological counseling, by directional visualization method induce ASCs and fix suggestions accompanied by ABCs, induce ASCs through transpersonal psychology according to Kolosov V.P., conduct color m meditation, induce meditative ASC in combination with ABC and fix the result setting according to D.N. Uznadze, characterized in that psychological counseling is carried out in each session, and in the first session, target strategies for rational eating behavior are presented in subsequent sessions support the target eating behavior and / or adjust the behavior that deviates from the target, and at the last session, as an installation, inspire confidence in the independent implementation of the target strategies, during independent work in the first interval between sessions update the positive effects of weight loss, then update the positive effects of overeating and excess weight, and finally, form a list of alternative sources of pleasure that are not related to food consumption, in the first session, the problem of excess weight is disidentified with the identity of the client by the method psychosynthesis, the first three sessions carry out indirect psychotechnology, which includes physiotherapeutic effects and suggesting to the client that it is capable of weight loss, in the second and third sessions, suggestion is supported by induction of an altered state of consciousness (ASC) through holotropic breathing, and in the second session, an aversion is additionally formed in relation to an imaginary product that causes a neurotic attraction, and in the third - in relation to a real product that causes a neurotic attraction , subject to its further use in the diet in the process of weight loss, at each of the sessions at least once in combination with ABC induce ASCs directed visualization, through relaxation and / or meditation, while at least one of these sessions fix previously presented suggestions and / or attitudes. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, according to the psychological contract, the client further agrees to eat at least four times a day, calculate the calorie content of the food eaten, keep a food diary, periodically measure weight, do not drink alcohol during the period of decline weight, limit the intensity of subjectively heavy physical exertion for a period of weight loss and take multivitamin nutritional supplements. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the previously presented suggestions and / or installations in the ASC are fixed in the client’s body position while standing, the back is straight, the feet are together, the arms hang freely along the body, the chin is raised, the center of gravity of the body is shifted by socks, look raised up. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it, as an installation, it is suggested that saturation occurs from a smaller amount of food, metabolic processes are intensified and / or the volume of the stomach is reduced. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses acupressure as a physiotherapeutic effect. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally carry out acupressure in the interval between the change of psychological techniques. 7. The method according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that in it acupressure is carried out by stimulation of the CE-GU point and / or XU-CHI. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it an aversive psychotechnique in relation to an imaginary product that causes a neurotic attraction, is carried out by means of neuro-linguistic programming, preferably by the method of “mixing anchors”. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it, as a correspondence independent work in the first interval between sessions, the client writes with his left hand at least seven positive changes that will occur after weight loss. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it, as a part-time independent work in the second interval between sessions, the client identifies the positive effects of overeating and overweight, and also prepares products that cause a neurotic attraction. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that in it an aversion is formed in relation to products prepared by the client in the second interval between sessions. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it provides psychological counseling in the first session for from 1.5 to 2 hours 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it psychological counseling and other psychological techniques alternate with an interval of not more than 20 minutes 14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it meditation is carried out from 20 to 30 minutes 15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the duration of holotropic respiration is at least 1 hour 16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the duration of each of the sessions is from 4.5 to 5 hours 17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the sessions are carried out in the evening or at night.