RU2482778C1 - Extruded grains & legumes sandwiches manufacture line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry and, particularly, to manufacture of ready-to-use food products with extended storage life. The line contains an extruder with a draw die, a calibrating and a drawing pairs of rollers and a mechanism for extrudate crosswise cutting. Additionally introduced into the line composition (downstream relative to the screeners) is a device for preliminary thermal treatment of the input raw material designed in the form of a horizontal transporter with endless belt. From below, the band is blown with hot water fed by the fan through the calorifier. On top, hollow perforated tubes for water supply are mounted. Close to the band surface agitators are mounted for stirring moisturised initial raw material that are represented by shafts whereon spikes are positioned along a screw-shaped trajectory at a certain pitch. Installed between the top and the bottom extruders is a vibrating batcher for lyophilised meat uniform batching. The chamber for ready products shaping represents two sections; in the first chamber flavour additives are applied on the ready product surface while in the second chamber a guillotine cutter is installed.

EFFECT: invention usage enables increase of technological capabilities of the extruded food products manufacture line.

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Description

The invention relates to the food industry and for the production of ready-to-eat foods with a long shelf life (snacks, pellets, legumes and semi-finished products).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a line for preparing an extruded expanded product such as bread crumbs [US Pat. No. 2333671, IPC A23L 1/18. A line for the preparation of extruded expanded product such as bread crumbs. Kychakov A.D., Kychakov A.A. No. 2007101036/13. Claim 01/09/2007, publ. September 20, 2008, bull. No. 26.], Including an extruder with a die, means for cooling the extrudate and a unit for machining it, a mechanism for removing the surface layer of the calibrated sides of the extrudate.

A disadvantage of the known line is a narrow range of products, limited to the production of products from homogeneous raw materials.

An object of the invention is to increase the technological capabilities of the line for the production of extruded finished food products, as well as expanding their range with improved organoleptic characteristics and high quality, i.e. obtaining a finished product enriched with a fat-and-vitamin complex, adapted for various groups of the population, selecting the most rational modes for processing non-standard products without affecting their quality, eliminating rejects and reducing raw material losses.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the line of production of leguminous sandwiches containing an extruder with a die, a calibrating and pulling pair of rolls, a mechanism for transverse cutting of the extrudate, it is new that the device for preliminary heat treatment of the feedstock, made in in the form of a horizontal conveyor with an endless belt, which is blown from below by hot air pumped by a fan through a heater, and hollow perforators are installed on top These are tubes for water supply, agitators are installed at the surface of the belt for mixing the moistened feedstock, which are shafts on which there are pins along a helical path with a certain pitch, a vibrodoser is installed between the upper and lower extruders for uniform dosing of freeze-dried meat, the chamber for the formation of finished products represents two sections, in the first section, flavoring is applied to the surface of the finished product, and a guillotine knife is installed in the second section na.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the production line of extruded leguminous sandwiches, figure 2 is a three-dimensional image of the production line of extruded leguminous sandwiches.

The production line of extruded leguminous sandwiches (Figs. 1, 2) contains silos for storing oilseeds 1 (rapeseed, sorghum, amaranth, etc.) and a silo for storing legumes 2, 3 (wheat, lupine, chickpeas, lentils, etc. .d.) with rotary dispensers 4 installed in their lower part, roller crusher 5, sifters 6, devices 7 for preliminary heat and moisture treatment of the feedstock, extruders 12 with a screw metering device 11, a vibration meter 13, a container for storing freeze-dried meat 14, a belt conveyor with rolls 15, capacity for wounds flavorings (mixture: Salt + spices) 16, a camera 17 forming finished products, filling and packaging machine 18.

The device 7 for preliminary heat-moisture treatment of the feedstock is a horizontal belt conveyor 8, which is blown from below by air supplied from a fan with a heater. Over the conveyor belt, agitators 9 are installed, which are shafts on which cylindrical pins are arranged along a helical path with a certain pitch. Above the conveyor belt 8 there are mounted sprayers for water 10, made in the form of perforated hollow tubes, through which clean drinking water flows for irrigation of raw materials.

The chamber for forming finished products 17 is a two-section apparatus. In the first section, flavoring agents (mixture: salt + spices) are applied to the surface of the finished extruded sandwich tape. In the second section, this tape is cut into plates of a certain length with the help of an installed guillotine-type knife.

Filling and packaging machine 18 orientates the finished product, placing the plates one after another, packs in a vacuum plastic film or cardboard boxes.

The proposed production line of extruded leguminous sandwiches works as follows (figure 1, 2).

The initial oilseeds (e.g. rapeseed) from hopper 1, legumes (e.g. beans) from hopper 2 and grains (wheat) from hopper 3 using rotary batchers 4, which are installed in the lower part of the hoppers, are dosed depending on the required ratio into crushers 5.

After crushing, the crushed leguminous and oilseeds are sent to screeners 6 for leveling the particle size distribution, because the use of excessively crushed raw materials leads to an unstable extrusion process, clogging of the outlet with the product. As a result of the extrusion of raw materials with a large particle size, the product is swollen unevenly, the product has an uneven porosity in the cross section, and it is sent to the roll crusher 5 for regrinding.

Then the raw materials are sent to the device 7 for preliminary thermal moisture treatment. If the moisture content of the raw material exceeds the permissible value, then it is lowered using hot air, which is pumped by the fan through the air heater to the apparatus 7. For uniform mixing of the raw material, agitators are installed in the apparatus 7. If the moisture content of the raw material is less than the permissible value, then it is increased due to the water supplied from using spray guns 10.

From the apparatus 7 for heat-moisture treatment, a mixture of feedstock with a given moisture content is supplied to the screw feeders 11, which specify the flow into the extruders 12.

Further, the initial product from the screw batcher 11 enters the loading zone of the screw channel of the screw and is carried away by it due to the difference in the friction forces between the product and the walls of the extruder body and the screw channel of the screw, while gradually being compacted.

In the compression zone, the product is moved and mixed by screw threading of the screw in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture, while the particles are subjected to significant mechanical stresses, which leads to compaction of the particles and the beginning of the formation of their melt. Further, in the homogenization zone, a homogeneous melt is formed with a small amount of particles that have not yet had time to melt.

In the homogenization zone, the product finally passes from the solid phase to the viscous fluid; here, melting occurs as a result of the conversion of the mechanical energy of the working bodies of the extruder into thermal energy and due to internal friction in the product itself under the autogenous mode of operation of the extruder.

Due to the sharp release of pressure and explosive evaporation of moisture at the exit of the extruders 12, the extrudate swells, increasing in volume. Due to the original design of the matrix, the hole of which has a rectangular cross section, extruded ribbons are formed at the exit of the extruders 12, between which freeze-dried meat is fed using a vibrodoser 13. Sublimated meat (for example, chicken, beef meat) is fed into the vibrodoser 13 using a pneumatic tubing from a container for storing freeze-dried meat 14.

Evenly distributed between the two extruded tapes, the meat is sent to a conveyor belt with rolls 15. Using the rolls, the tapes are pressed in order to get a layered “sandwich”.

Then the layered bean belt is sent to the chamber to form the finished products 17, where in the first section flavoring (mixture: salt + spices) is applied to the surface of the finished products using spray nozzles. In the second section, this tape is cut into plates of a certain length with the help of an installed guillotine-type knife.

The extruded legumes “sandwiches” obtained at the exit from the chamber 17 are sent to the filling and packaging machine 18.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow:

- expand the range of products;

- increase the technological capabilities of the line for the processing of oil-containing and leguminous raw materials;

- select the most rational modes for processing non-standard products without compromising their quality;

- use natural ingredients as flavoring additives.

Claims (1)

An extruded legume sandwich production line containing an extruder with a die, calibrating and pulling a pair of rolls, an extrudate transverse cutting mechanism, characterized in that the line after sifters additionally includes a device for preliminary heat treatment of the feedstock, made in the form of a horizontal conveyor with an endless belt, which is blown from below by hot air pumped by a fan through a heater, and above are hollow perforated tubes for supplying s, agitators are installed at the surface of the belt to mix moistened feedstock, which are shafts on which pins are arranged along a helical path with a certain pitch, a vibrodoser is installed between the upper and lower extruders for uniform dosing of freeze-dried meat, the chamber for the formation of finished products consists of two sections, in the first section, flavoring is applied to the surface of the finished product, and a guillotine-type knife is installed in the second section.

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