RU2482266C1 - Method for formation drilling using drilling perforator, and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: formation is drilled by means of a drilling perforator in the following way: lowering of the perforator using a cable with a cable end to the formation drilling interval in the well, subsequent drilling of channels in the well wall at each turn of the perforator; at that, the channels are drilled in the well wall from lower point to upper point of the drilling interval with the specified pitch of the perforator movement in vertical plane, and before each turn, the perforator is lifted to the surface; the perforator is turned by means of a turning gear to the specified angle, and its position is fixed relative to the cable end, then, the assembly is lowered to the well and the next channel is drilled, which is offset from the previous channel through the specified angle.

EFFECT: increasing the well drilling efficiency as a result of reticular perforation of the well wall throughout the drilling interval, simplification and cheapening of the devices performing that perforation.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of production of liquid or gaseous fluids from a well, and in particular, to means for opening productive formations by the method of drilling perforation.

Known methods and devices for the angular movement of the hammer in the well around a vertical axis in order to ensure the drilling of several holes in the wall of the well.

Known, for example, is the angular orientation module (MUO-1), designed to control the movement of a perforating drill (perforator) around a vertical axis by a predetermined angle and allowing you to drill a well filter according to a specific, based on the problem to be solved and the geological and technical conditions, perforation location system hole channels. MOU-1 is a device equipped with an electric motor, a multi-stage planetary gearbox and pull-out levers, mounted above the perforator and turning the perforator around the axis (Drilling perforation // AIS “Karotazhnik”, issue 33, 1997, Tver, p.21-22).

A disadvantage of the known means is as follows: to ensure the rotation of the perforator in the well with an electric motor controlled from the surface, it is necessary to fix the mechanism in the well with the help of retractable levers. The device is complicated to operate, bulky and expensive.

A drilling perforator-sampler is known, equipped with a mechanism for turning it inside the device itself, which is two ratchet half-couplings engaged with each other by a system of splines-wedges and driven by a hydraulic actuator. The rotation of the drill depends on the pitch of the ratchet clutch (Pat. RF №2163294, stated. 04/18/2000, publ. 02/20/2001).

The disadvantage of this mechanism is the complexity of the design and control, in particular, the inability to set a predetermined angle of displacement of the drill, which does not allow changing, if necessary, the layout of the holes in the well filter.

The known method and device for horizontal directional drilling in wells (Pat. EAPO No. 003822, application No. 200200852, application. 02.16.2001, publ. 24.04.2003). Taken as a prototype of the claimed method and device.

The known method comprises a shoe assembly having a fixed section and a rotatable section, wherein the shoe assembly is lowered down the casing to the depth at which holes are to be cut, the first hole in the casing wall is cut in one angular position, the rotated section is rotated by an angle corresponding to the desired angular gap between the first hole and the second hole, cut the second hole, and then repeat the rotation process and cut the next hole.

The method is carried out by a device in which said shoe is equipped with an electric motor to ensure rotation of the rotatable section. To control the angle of rotation of the shoe contains a gyroscope that transmits signals to the surface.

A disadvantage of the known means is as follows. To create a downhole filter after each drilling, it is necessary to rotate the perforator around a vertical axis, while the perforator is fixed in the pipe with levers or a shoe, which causes a risk of sticking the device in the well. In addition, a gyroscope is used in the device for monitoring the angular displacement, which makes the device complex in design and not reliable due to the presence of a battery power source for an additional electric motor that rotates.

To obtain an effective inflow (increased flow rate) in the well, it is necessary to perforate over the entire opening interval, creating a filter with a given channel placement pattern.

The objective of the proposed group of inventions is to increase the efficiency of opening wells as a result of perforation of the wall of the well over the entire area of the inner surface of the casing, simplification and cheapening of the means that perform this perforation.

The specified problem in terms of the method is solved as follows.

A method is disclosed for drilling a hole with a perforating drill (perforator), which includes lowering the hole with a cable lug on the cable into the interval of opening the hole in the well, sequentially drilling channels in the wall of the well at each turn of the drill, drilling channels from the bottom wall to the upper point opening interval with a given step of moving the punch vertically, and before each turn, the punch is raised to the surface, the punch is rotated at a given angle and iksiruyut its position relative to the ferrule assembly is then lowered into the wellbore and drilling produce the next channel, the offset from the previous channel by a predetermined angle.

The specified problem in terms of a device for implementing the method is solved as follows.

A device for rotating a drilling punch is disclosed, including a cable lug connected to a cable, a drilling punch containing a head, the punch being provided with a pivoting mechanism (mechanism) made in the form of a housing fixed against each other and a union nut, in which the housing in the lower part is provided with a retainer, the upper part of the union nut is made with grooves located with an angular displacement relative to each other, and the lower part is threaded for connection with the head of the punch, in which Execute the groove for housing the retainer cap nut, the cable lug is also provided with its lock, the setting at installation punch in one of the slots in the top of the cap nut.

Figure 1 - shows the Assembly of the punch with a rotary mechanism.

Figure 2 is a section along aa.

Figure 3 - presents a General view of the Assembly, lowered into the well.

On figa) is a view of the location of the holes without the angular displacement of the punch (line).

On figb) is a view of the location of the holes with an angular displacement of the punch through 90 degrees. and equal pitch of movement (grid).

On figv) - a view of the location of the holes with the angular displacement of the punch and the change in its pitch (staggered arrangement).

On figg) - a view of the location of the holes with an angular displacement and an increased pitch of the punch (spiral).

As can be seen in figure 1, the mechanism consists of a housing 1 with a latch 2 in the lower part. The housing 1 is inserted into a union nut 3, the lower part of which is provided with a thread 4, and the upper one is made with grooves 5 located with an angular offset of 90 degrees. (section AA, FIG. 2). The housing 1 is fixed relative to the union nut 3 with a locking screw 6.

Assembled with a drilling punch (punch) 7, the latch 2 of the housing 1 enters the groove 8 of the head 9 of the punch 7 with the drill 10. The upper part of the housing is connected to the cable lug 11 using the latch 12, which is included in one of the grooves 5 of the union nut 3. The assembly is lowered into the well on a logging cable 13. Pos. 14 - clamping mechanism of a perforator, pos. 15 - lock nut (Fig. 3).

Before lowering into the well, the housing 1 is installed in the head 9 of the perforator 7, the latch 2 is inserted into the groove 8 and secured with a union nut 3, after which the locking screw 6 is installed. The upper part of the housing 1 is attached to the cable lug 11, placing the latch 12 in the groove 5 located in one direction with the drill outlet, and fasten with a lock nut 15. The electric connection of the punch 7 with the cable lug 11 is provided with flexible connecting wires or an annular contact collector (not shown in FIG. 3).

The implementation of the claimed method is carried out when the device is running.

The assembly is lowered into the well in the opening interval to the lower mark A (Fig. 4a) and the channels are drilled by moving the puncher 7 vertically from bottom to top to the upper mark B with a given step, obtaining perforations according to the scheme of points 1-7, while obtaining a borehole filter according to the "line" scheme (figa).

After that, the device is lifted to the surface, the cable lug 11 is removed, the union nut 3 is unscrewed and the latch 12 is moved to the next groove 5, offset by 90 degrees relative to the first groove and relative to the direction of the drill exit, and the cable lug 11 is again secured with a lock nut 15.

The assembly is again lowered into the well in the perforation interval to mark A, while the drill 10 of the perforator 7 will be shifted by 90 degrees. relative to the previous point 1. Drilling an interval in this position, perform channels at points 8-14 according to the scheme (figb).

Then the punch is lifted to the surface and set the latch 2 with an offset of 180 degrees. After its descent into the well, channels with points 15-21 are performed according to the scheme (Fig. 4b). Similarly, with an offset of 270 degrees. drill points 22-28 according to the "grid" pattern (Fig.4b).

By changing the step of moving the puncher along the wellbore and the location of the point of the first channel in each angular phase, it is possible to create a downhole filter with a linear arrangement of channels (along the forming column) (Fig. 4a), mesh (Fig. 4b), checkerboard (Fig. 4c) ), spiral (Fig. 4d).

Claims (2)

1. A method of opening a formation with a perforating drill (perforator), including lowering a perforator with a cable lug on the cable into the interval of opening the formation in the well, sequentially drilling channels in the wall of the well at each rotation of the perforator, characterized in that the channels are drilled from the bottom of the well to the upper point of the opening interval with a given step of vertical movement of the puncher, and before each turn, the punch is raised to the surface, the punch is rotated to a predetermined angle and fixing its position relative to the cable tip is then lowered into the borehole and drilling produce the next channel, the offset from the previous channel by a predetermined angle. 2. A device for turning a drilling perforator, including a cable lug connected to a cable, a drilling perforator (perforator) containing a head, characterized in that the perforator is equipped with a rotary mechanism made in the form of a housing fixed against each other and a union nut, in which the housing the lower part is equipped with a latch, the upper part of the union nut is made with grooves located with an angular displacement relative to each other, and the lower part is threaded for connection with the punch head, into the cat A groove has been made for the retainer of the housing of the union nut, the cable lug is also equipped with its own retainer, which is inserted when installing the hammer in one of the grooves in the upper part of the union nut.

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