RU2482169C1 - Amur grape liqueur preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pharmaceutical industry, in particular, to methods for production of grape extracts with biologically active substances. For production of an Amur grape liqueur one takes grapes, juices them till presscake moisture content is equal to no more than 20%. The produced presscake with seeds is milled into particles sized no more than 0.3 mm and poured with a water-and-ethanol mixture with ethanol content equal to 40%. Per 1 weight part of the mixture one takes no more than 0.5 parts of the presscake, performing infusion under ordinary conditions during 7 days with subsequent liqueur separation. Alternatively, one may take 0.2 parts or 0.1 parts of presscake per 1 weight part of the mixture. The invention allows to produce an Amur grape liqueur with increased content of dihydroquercetin and containing other polyphenol compounds, i.e: quercetin and resveratrol.

EFFECT: liqueur may be used as a biologically active food additive.

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Description

The invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry, in particular to methods for producing grape extracts with biologically active substances.

It is known that grape extracts contain a complex of various biologically active substances - vitamins, enzymes, esters, acids, microelements, etc. (hereinafter referred to as biologically active substances). They have a versatile positive effect on various systems of the human body: cardiovascular, nervous, digestive, etc. Among others, methods are known for extracting biologically active substances with water, ethanol, or a mixture thereof and under different conditions. These extracts belong to galenic preparations and, as a rule, contain a complex composition of biologically active substances. Novogalenovye preparations are also known, which are specific substances maximally purified from ballast impurities. They can be in the form of aqueous, alcoholic extracts or dry forms. It is noted that the effectiveness of liquid forms, in comparison with dry forms and with the same amount of active substance, is higher. In many cases, the therapeutic effect is associated not with one substance, but with a complex of substances included in plant materials [4], therefore, complex liquid forms are of great interest.

Different substances have different solubilities in certain solvents. A water-ethanol mixture is recognized as one of the best extractants for liquid forms of galenic preparations, as it allows optimal extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials with subsequent use by the patient.

In the process of manufacturing liquid galenic preparations, factors such as the degree of moisture of the raw material, its quantitative ratio with the extractant, and the temperature become important. Among experts there are different opinions on this matter. So, the source [4] believes that in tinctures the ratio of raw materials and water-ethanol mixture should be 1:10. The source [1] believes that this ratio should be 1: 5 or 1: 1. There is no consensus on the moisture content of raw materials. Here the recommendations range from 10 to 20% [2, 5]. Undoubtedly, the technology for the preparation of tinctures should be developed for specific raw materials and depending on the requirements of the drug.

The technical result of the present invention is the development of a method for preparing a complex tincture from the fruits of Amur grapes with a high content of dihydroquercetin (C ₁₅ H ₁₂ O ₇ ).

Wild Amur grapes are widely distributed in the Far East. It tolerates frosts down to -45 ° C and is introduced into the culture of Western Siberia, the Urals, the European part of Russia, up to a latitude of 60 parallel. Its availability and high content of such valuable polyphenols as quercetin, dihydroquercetin, resveratrol, etc., are attracting the attention of pharmacists and nutritionists [3]. At present, it is believed that dihydroquercetin (hereinafter - DHA) has the most powerful P-vitamin properties. It improves the condition of blood vessels, lowers blood pressure, prevents the deposition of cholesterol, forms non-specific immunity, and reduces the risks of cancer. DHA is poorly soluble in water-ethanol mixture, so it was chosen as a test substance.

The well-known "Composition for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, containing an aqueous extract of red grape leaves and an anti-inflammatory agent" (Patent RU 2367464). Known composition contains quercetin. The disadvantages of the known composition are the lack of DHA and an extremely low concentration of quercetin, which is almost insoluble in water.

The well-known "Grape extract (options) and the method of its manufacture (options)" - patent RU 2425594. The known extract can be prepared from whole grapes, grape seeds, grape marc and their mixtures. The aqueous extract is prepared at a water temperature of 140 to 212 ° F (60 to 100 ° C). At this temperature, some biologically active substances decompose. After cooling the water, DHA precipitates. In order to maintain a certain concentration of DHA in solution, the primary extract is subjected to enzyme treatment at elevated temperature for 4 to 5 days. The lack of extract in sophisticated technology.

The well-known "Method of obtaining an extract from brushes of embryos of cultivated grapes with antioxidant activity" (Patent RU 2314118). The method consists in double extraction of brushes of cultivated grapes with ethanol, followed by evaporation to a dry residue, is treated with gasoline at its boil, mixed with water and dried. The method allows to obtain an extract with a high content of polyphenols. The disadvantages of the method: complex technology, the absence of DHA, which accumulates mainly in the seeds and in the peel of the fruit. The disadvantage of this method is that the cultivated grape contains DHA an order of magnitude less than the Amur grape. Dry extract is poorly absorbed by the human body.

Known "Means that reduce the toxic effect of alcohol, and a method for its production" (Patent RU 2228761). The tool is a water-alcohol extract of the crests of grapes and other plants. The preparation is carried out at room temperature, which allows you to save a complex of biologically active substances. The tool is used in liquid form, which ensures its high absorption in the human body. The tool allows you to reduce the hangover syndrome, but can not effectively improve the condition of the cardiovascular system, since there is no DHA in it.

Known food supplement "Diprim" [3]. "Diprim" is a water-alcohol extract from the ridges (brushes freed from berries) of Amur grapes. The extract is prepared by insisting the ridges on a water-alcohol mixture with an ethanol content of 40% at room temperature, which makes it possible to extract biologically active substances from the ridges in their optimal ratio and ensures high digestibility by the body. The disadvantage of Diprim is that it is made from grape ridges, while the most valuable substances - resveratrol and DHA - are found in the peel of the fruit and in the seeds.

The closest prototype to the claimed invention is the "Composition of ingredients for the balm" Far Eastern "(application SU 4875870/13 19/09/1990). The known composition is a mixture of extracts of a number of plants, obtained by percolation in a 40% water-alcohol mixture. Amur grapes are present here, in a ratio of 800 to 1300 kg per 100 decaliters of extractant. A technological disadvantage of the production of the known composition is the unmilled grape raw materials and the method of percolation, and not the method of infusion. This does not allow efficient extraction of DHA. Our studies of the known composition showed that in the Far Eastern Balsam, in its production with the maximum amount of grape raw materials, there is a DHA of not more than 0.08 g / l.

The technical result (increasing the concentration of DHA) is achieved by the fact that juice is removed from the fruits of the Amur grape. At the same time, the squeezed fruits (hereinafter referred to as “the pulp”) are chopped together with the seeds. The size of the pulp particles is not more than 0.3 mm. Then the pulp is dried to the required degree of moisture. The resulting raw material is poured with a water-ethanol mixture with an ethanol content of 40% and infused for 7 days under normal conditions (ambient temperature 20 ° C according to GOST R 51733-2001).

The proposed technology for Amur grapes is not previously known.

In our case, the primary pulp, after removing the juice on the screw juicer, contained 20% moisture. Two more pulp options were prepared: with a moisture content of 15 and 10%. From each obtained option, 4 portions of tincture were made, where the weight ratio of pulp / mixture was: 1:10; 1: 5; 1: 2; 1: 1. Thus, 12 options were prepared (Table 2). In addition, for comparison, according to the same technology, 12 more options were prepared from raw materials (Table 1). After 7 days of infusion, each of the resulting solutions was studied by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the concentration of DHA in the solution. The data obtained, in terms of DHA in grams per liter of solution, are presented in tables 1 and 2.

Table 2 shows that with a decrease in the pulp particles and with an increase in the amount of pulp in the tincture, the concentration of DHA increases, but only if the weight of the crushed pulp does not exceed half the weight of the alcohol mixture. Further, with an increase in the amount of pulp, the concentration of DHA even decreases, which can be explained by a change in the dynamics of solubility due to an increase in the concentration of other substances in the solution. The difference in the concentration of DHA in tinctures, where the weight of the pulp is 0.5 part by weight of the mixture, and where this weight is 0.2 parts by weight of the mixture is not significant. A significant decrease in the concentration of DHA, depending on the moisture content of the raw material, is observed only at a moisture content of more than 10% and with a pulp mass of 0.1 part by weight of the mixture.

The concentration of DHA in solutions where the grape raw material was not subjected to grinding is in all cases lower (Table 1).

The proposed technology is easily feasible and meets the current level of technology.

In our opinion, the most optimal version of the tincture was recognized as the one where the weight of the pulp was 0.2 parts of the alcohol solution and with a moisture content of pulp of 20%. Further studies were carried out with this option of tincture, bearing in mind that drugs with less moisture in the pulp will be no less effective.

The experiment involved two groups of people from 18 to 26 years old, studying at the courses of technical creativity. There were 23 people in each group. Group I - control, Group II - experimental. Both groups studied under a single program. In the autumn-winter period (November-December), during the training course lasting 50 days, participants of group II took daily, along with tea, 1 teaspoon of tincture. It was noted that during this period the number of colds (rhinitis, acute respiratory viral infections) in group II is lower: 3 people got sick. In group I, 8 people were sick. At the same time, it was noted that by the end of the training, the participants in the experimental group successfully cope with the tasks set, offer more options for creative solutions. Their productivity compared with the control group increased by almost 40%.

According to the results of the experiment, it is concluded that the tincture prepared by the proposed method is applicable.

LITERATURE

1. Korsun V.F., Korsun E.V. Encyclopedia of herbal medicine. The herbs of life of Professor Korsun. - M.: Tsentrpoligraf, 2007, pp. 38-41.

2. Murvieva D.A., Samylina I.A., Yakovlev G.P. Pharmacognosy. - M.: Medicine, 2002, p. 55-58.

3. Sprygin V. G., Kushnerova N. F. Diprim-food additive for the creation of alcoholic beverages with prophylactic properties // Tomsk State University Journal. DVGAEU. 2001. No. 3, pp. 79-87.

4. Sokolov S.Ya., Zamotaev I.P. Handbook of medicinal plants. - M.: Medicine, 1984, pp. 19-20.

5. Tsitsilin A.N. Russian medicinal plants. - M.: EKSMO, 2010, pp. 56-58.

TABLE 1 The concentration of dihydroquercetin (in g / l) in tinctures of Amur grapes at different moisture content of the raw material and its amount in the water-ethanol mixture (ethanol content 40%). Grape raw materials are not crushed. The amount of raw material in g per 100 g of extractant The concentration of DHA in g / l with moisture content in% twenty% fifteen% 10% 10 g 0.07 g / l 0.075 g / l 0.08 g / l 20 g 0.075 g / l 0.08 g / l 0.085 g / l 50 g 0.09 g / l 0.095 g / l 0.12 g / l 100 g 0.19 g / l 0.23 g / l 0.33 g / l

TABLE 2 The concentration of dihydroquercetin (in g / l) in tinctures of Amur grapes at different moisture content of the raw material and its amount in the water-ethanol mixture (ethanol content 40%). Grape raw materials are crushed, the particle size of the pulp up to 0.3 mm The amount of raw material in g per 100 g of extractant The concentration of DHA in g / l with moisture content in% twenty% fifteen% 10% 10 g 0.34 g / l 0.37 g / l 0.41 g / l 20 g 0.41 g / l 0.42 g / l 0.44 g / l 50 g 0.45 g / l 0.46 g / l 0.48 g / l 100 g 0.40 g / l 0.41 g / l 0.43 g / l

Claims (3)

1. The method of preparation of tinctures of Amur grapes, characterized in that crushed to a particle size of not more than 0.3 mm pulp of berries together with seeds containing not more than 20% moisture, pour water-ethanol mixture with an ethanol content of 40%, with 1 the weight. including mixtures take no more than 0.5 parts of the pulp and insist under normal conditions for 7 days. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for 1 weight. including mixtures take 0.2 parts of pulp. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for 1 weight. including mixtures take 0.1 part of the pulp containing 10% moisture.