RU2481148C1 - Device for mixing explosive components and forming articles thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to making articles from explosive compounds. Proposed device mixing head of vertical planetary mixer, set of replaceable bowls with carriages, piston-type hydraulic device to discharge the compound from bowl, apparatus for evacuation with pressure screw and vacuum chamber, and stock line to communicate replaceable bowl at discharge position with evacuation apparatus. Vacuum chamber is shaped to truncated cone with inclination to axial line of 3-7 degrees and furnished with cap, its sidewall being provided with die with pressure and temperature gage. Die cylindrical outlet is located coaxially with stock line outlet. Plane of die outlets is arranged at 45-55 degrees to vertical. Stock line is composed of metal tube with heating jacket and flexible flange arranged at one side for connection to replaceable bowl. Stock line opposite side enters the die. Flexible section is located on adjustable support while stock line metal tube is places at stationary frame and may be axially displaced by hydraulic cylinder.

EFFECT: higher safety and reliability.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket technology and can be used in industry for mixing components of an explosive composition and molding products from it. The device is intended for mixing powdered and liquid-viscous components of an explosive composition in replaceable housings - bowls of vertical batch mixers, forcing the composition out of the bowl using a piston hydraulic device into the apparatus for evacuation and feeding the composition with the pressure screw of the apparatus for evacuation into the forming body.

A device for mixing components of explosive compositions and molding products from them according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2222517 IPC С06 В 21/00, claimed on 05/06/2002, published on 01/27/2004. In this device, the components of the explosive composition are fed into the bowl of a vertical batch mixer, mixed, the bowl on the trolley is transported to the apparatus for unloading the composition from the bowl into the vacuum apparatus with mixers and a pressure screw, followed by molding of the product.

The disadvantage of this device is the presence of mixers with a drive in the apparatus for evacuation, the functional purpose of which in this case is only to provide power to the screw, since the composition is already sufficiently mixed in a vertical mixer. As a result, operational safety is reduced due to the presence of agitator seal assemblies located in the zone of the processed product. The presence of mixer drives significantly increases the dimensions of the apparatus and increases operating costs.

A device for mixing the components of the explosive composition and molding products from it according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2383515 IPC С06В 21/00, announced on 10/20/2008, published on 03/10/2010. This device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of devices that ensure safe remote disassembly of the mass pipe, the large length of the mass pipe due to its entry into the vacuum apparatus from above, the lack of heating of the mass pipe, the absence of mechanisms for adjustment when connecting the input part of the mass pipe to the bowl, which are necessary due to unavoidable errors with interchangeable bowls with trolleys. The cylindrical shape of the vacuum chamber during processing of compositions with a high degree of adhesion to the metal can cause a gradual "overgrowing" and a decrease in the cross section.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the reliability and safety during operation of the device.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that for mixing explosive composition, the installation includes a mixing head of a vertical planetary mixer, a set of interchangeable bowls with carts. To unload the composition from the bowl there is a piston hydraulic device. To evacuate the composition and molding of products, the device has an evacuation apparatus, which includes a vacuum chamber with a die and a pressure screw, as well as a mass pipe connecting the removable bowl at the discharge position of the explosive composition with the evacuation apparatus. In this case, the vacuum chamber of the apparatus for evacuation is made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle of inclination of the wall α = 3 ° ... 7 °, the vacuum chamber is equipped with a cap, a die is installed in its side wall, the inlet of the die is aligned with the outlet of the mass pipe, the die is equipped with a pressure sensor and temperature, and the plane of the outlet openings of the die is located at an angle β = 45 ° ... 55 ° to the vertical. The mass pipe is made in the form of a metal pipe with a heating jacket and, on the one hand, enters the die, and on the other, is equipped with a flexible section, for example, a rubber-fabric sleeve with a flange for connection to a removable bowl, the flexible section being mounted on an adjustable support, and the metal pipe of the mass pipe is placed on a stationary support with the possibility of axial movement of the hydraulic cylinder.

The proposed device is shown in figures 1-5.

Figure 1 shows the mixing head of a vertical planetary mixer, a removable bowl with a trolley and a hydraulic cylinder for lifting the bowl.

Figure 2 shows a piston hydraulic device for unloading the composition from the bowl, apparatus for evacuation, mass pipe.

Figure 3 shows the apparatus for evacuation in section.

Figure 4 shows the connection of a flexible section of the mass pipe with the outlet of the bowl.

Figure 5 shows the connection of the metal pipe of the mass pipe with the die of the apparatus for evacuation.

1 - mixing head;

2 - mixers;

3 - removable bowl;

4 - trolley;

5, 6, 26 - hydraulic cylinders;

7 - unloading piston;

8 - apparatus for evacuation;

9 - mass pipe;

10 - a hydraulic cylinder for connecting the bowl to the piston hydraulic device;

11 - a vacuum chamber;

12 - a cap;

13 - die;

14 - pressure and temperature sensor;

15 - pressure screw;

16 - scapula;

17 - check valve;

18 - a flexible section of the mass pipe;

19 - a collar;

20 - adjustable support;

21 - stationary frame;

22 - adjusting elements;

23 - metal pipe mass pipe;

24 - heating shirt;

25 - support.

The device consists of a mixing head 1 (Fig. 1) of a vertical planetary mixer with mixers 2, a set of interchangeable bowls 3 with trolleys 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a hydraulic cylinder 6 (Figure 2) of a piston hydraulic device with an unloading piston 7, an apparatus for evacuating 8, a mass pipeline 9, a hydraulic cylinder 10 for lifting the bowl 3 for connecting it to a piston hydraulic device.

The apparatus for evacuation 8 (Figure 3) consists of a vacuum chamber 11, made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle of inclination of the walls α = 3 ° ... 7 °. A cylindrical cap 12 with a die 13 is mounted on the vacuum chamber. The die is equipped with a pressure and temperature sensor 14. The plane of the outlet openings of the die is located at an angle β = 45 ° ... 55 ° to the vertical. The apparatus for evacuation 8 is equipped with a pressure screw 15, the loading part of which is equipped with triangular blades 16, a check valve 17 is installed at the outlet of the apparatus. The flexible portion 18 of the mass pipe is connected to the outlet flange of the bowl 3 using a clamp 19 (Figure 4). The end of the flexible section of the mass pipe with the flange is mounted on an adjustable support 20, which, in turn, is mounted on the stationary frame 21. For the primary installation of the frame, there are adjustment elements 22. Figure 5 shows the connection of the metal pipe 23 of the mass pipe with the cylinder inlet 13 of the die. The metal pipe is equipped with a heating jacket 24 and mounted on supports 25, fixing it against lateral displacement, but providing the possibility of axial movement of the hydraulic cylinder 26.

The work of the proposed device is as follows. The replaceable bowl 3 (FIG. 1) with a hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the mixing head 1 and fastened with it. The components of the explosive composition are loaded into the bowl 3 and they are mixed by the mixers 2. After preparing the explosive composition, the bowl 3 with the hydraulic cylinder 5 is lowered onto the trolley 4 and transported to the piston hydraulic device, where the hydraulic cylinder 10 (Figure 2) rises and fastens with the housing of the hydraulic device. Next, the mass pipe 9 is connected at one end to the apparatus for evacuating 8, the other to the outlet of the bowl 3. In the apparatus for evacuating, the composition passes through the holes of the die 13 (Figure 3) in the form of cords, which ensures optimal conditions for evacuation, and the plane of the outlet the die is inclined to the vertical at an angle β = 45 ° ... 55 °. With a smaller angle of inclination, the cords of the composition at the outlet under the influence of vacuum can fall on the walls of the hood 12 and the chamber 11, and with a larger angle the resistance of the flow of the composition through the holes increases significantly. The walls of the conical part of the vacuum chamber have a vertical inclination of α = 3 ° ... 7 °, which ensures a decrease in the adhesion of the composition to the walls of compositions having a high degree of adhesion to the metal. With a larger angle of inclination, the diameter of the lower part of the cone may exceed the diameter of the loading part of the housing of the screw 15, as a result of which a “threshold” with a stagnant zone of the composition can form. At a smaller angle of inclination, its effect is ineffective. The pressure and temperature sensor 14 allows you to remotely control the temperature during the process, as well as to record, for example, clogging of the holes of the die. The stream of composition leaving the die enters the loading zone of the pressure screw 15, in which the blades 16 of a triangular profile during rotation feed the composition to the screw part of the pressure screw. At the outlet of the apparatus for evacuation, a check valve 17 is installed, which closes when the pressure screw stops, allowing the vacuum to be maintained in the apparatus.

The introduction of the composition through the die into the cap of the apparatus for evacuation is made in the side wall of the cap, and not through the upper part, and is due to the shortest, in this case, length of the mass pipe. In order to maintain the thermal regime of the composition, for example, when it is forced, the main part of the mass pipe (Fig. 5) is made of a metal pipe 23 with a heating jacket 24. The output part of the pipe is coaxially mounted in the input part of the die 13 with a sealing seal. The pipe with the heating jacket is installed on the supports 25, which, in turn, are installed on the stationary frame 21. During the initial setup of the stationary frame 21 to ensure the alignment of the metal pipe 23 of the mass pipe with the inlet of the die 13, the adjustment elements 22 are used (Figure 4).

The input part of the mass pipe has a flexible section 18 (Figure 4) with a flange that connects to the counter flange of the output section of the bowl using a clamp 19. Considering that the cups with trolleys are replaceable and have some variation in the coordinates of the stop position, the position is adjusted when docking the flange of the flexible section using an adjustable support 20 (Figure 4), on which lies a flexible section of the mass pipe.

The disassembly process after the end of the work cycle is as follows. Clamp 19 is opened (Figure 4), the bowl with the trolley is remotely retracted from the position of unloading the train. The hydraulic cylinder 26 (Figure 5) remotely detaches the mass line from the die 13 of the vacuum apparatus 8. A flexible section of the mass line 18 is disconnected from the metal pipe of the mass line 23, after which these straight sections of the mass line are easily mechanized to clean the remainder of the composition, unlike the prototype, where a long flexible mass pipe cannot be cleaned and is taken away for destruction after each cycle of work.

The operation of this device was tested with positive results at the FKP Perm Powder Plant.

Claims (1)

A device for mixing the components of the explosive composition and molding products from it, including the mixing head of a vertical planetary mixer, a set of interchangeable bowls with trolleys, a piston hydraulic device for unloading the composition from the bowls, a vacuum apparatus with a pressure screw and a vacuum chamber, and a mass pipe connecting the interchangeable bowl to the position of the unloading of the explosive composition with an apparatus for evacuation, characterized in that the vacuum chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle of inclination to the axial line α = 3 ... 7 ° and is equipped with a cap, in which a die with a pressure and temperature sensor is installed, the inlet of which is made coaxially with the outlet of the mass pipe, and the plane of the outlet of the die is at an angle β = 45 ... 55 ° to the vertical, the mass pipe It is made in the form of a metal pipe with a heating jacket and, on the one hand, enters the die, on the other, is equipped with a flexible section with a flange for connection to a removable bowl, the flexible section being mounted on an adjustable support, and the metal pipe the mass pipe is placed on a stationary frame with the possibility of axial movement by a hydraulic cylinder.

Images