RU2479729C2 - Exhaust silencer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: exhaust silencer comprises case with intake and discharge pipes, central perforated tube communicated with discharge pipe, guide vane with vane outer edges connected with the case inner surface and collecting vessel arranged at case bottom. Guide vane consists of a disc with jet-type vanes arranged staggered between inner and outer rings supporting wire brushes interacting with case inner surface and central perforated tube outer surface.

EFFECT: removal of soot and scale products.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Exhaust silencer refers to engine manufacturing and can be used for marine diesel engines.

Known exhaust silencers containing a series of sequential volumes with central perforated pipes, providing damping of the exhaust gas pulses [1].

The disadvantage of such silencers is the inability to clean the inner surface of these volumes of soot and carbon particles, since most of them are non-separable structures.

The closest prototype to the proposed invention is an exhaust silencer [2], comprising a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet nozzles, a central perforated pipe connected to the outlet nozzle, a guide vane apparatus made in the form of screw plates conjugated by outer edges with the inner surface of the housing, and a collecting tank at the bottom of the housing.

The disadvantage of this muffler is also the inability to clean the inner surfaces of soot and carbon products.

The technical result of the invention is the ability to clean the inner surfaces of the muffler from soot and carbon deposits.

This result is achieved by the fact that the guide vane apparatus is made in the form of a disk with jet-type blades mounted in rows in a checkerboard pattern between the inner and outer rims of the disk, on which wire brushes are installed that interact with the inner surface of the casing and the outer surface of the central perforated pipe.

In addition, the silencer is equipped with at least one additional inlet pipe. Moreover, the inlet pipes are connected tangentially from both ends of the housing at an angle to the central axis of the housing and are connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine through a controlled valve.

The silencer is equipped with at least one additional exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipes are connected to the Central perforated pipe and mounted on the ends of the cylindrical body. At the same time, replaceable cassettes with a catalyst are installed on the exhaust pipes.

The invention is shown in the drawings, where

- figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a muffler (side view);

- figure 2 shows a top view of the muffler and the connection of the inlet pipes of the muffler with the exhaust pipe of the engine;

- figure 3 shows a cross section of a muffler;

- figure 4 shows the installation of brushes on the outer and inner rims of the disk;

- Figure 5 shows the installation of the blade vanes.

The muffler comprises a cylindrical housing 1, at the extremities of which tangential nozzles 2 are installed for supplying exhaust gases (OG). An exhaust pipe 3 is installed along the axis of the cylindrical body 1 with a perforation 4 in the middle part and nozzles 5 on the bases of the cylindrical body 1. On the pipe 3 inside the housing 1, a brush disk 6 with blades 7 and brushes 8 and 9 is installed with the possibility of movement and rotation. 8 are mounted on the inner race 10, pressed onto the inner rim of the disk 6, and interact with the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 3. The outer brushes 9 are mounted on the outer race 11, pressed on the outer rim of the disk 6, and interact with the inner th surface of the housing 1. Thus, the brush disk is supported by brushes on the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the perforated exhaust pipe. On the exhaust pipe 3 inside the housing 1 at its bases are installed limiters 12 movements of the disk 6 and sensors 13 of the final positions of the disk. At the ends of the housing 1 in its lower part there are conical nozzles 14 for discharging soot and carbon products. Replaceable cartridges 15 with a catalyst are installed on the nozzles 5 of the exhaust pipe. The tangential nozzles 2 are connected to the exhaust pipe 16 of the engine 17 by means of a switchable valve 18 with an actuator 19.

Silencer exhaust works as follows. Suppose that the brush disk 6 is on the pipe 3 in an arbitrary intermediate position, and the left tangential nozzles 2 are involved with the switched valve 18. In this case, the swirling exhaust stream, interacting with the blades 7, starts to rotate the disk 6 and move it to the right limiter 12 with its dynamic pressure. In this case, the exhaust gas will exit through the perforation 4 into the exhaust pipe 3 and then through the nozzles 5 and the cartridge 15 with the catalyst. When the brush disk 6 reaches the right limiter 12, the right sensor 13 will provide a control signal to the actuator 19 of the switchable valve 18, which will turn and direct the exhaust gas to the right tangential nozzles 2 and the disk 6, rotating in the same direction, will begin to move under the influence of dynamic pressure to the left limiter. Thus, the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 3 and the inner surface of the cylindrical body 1 will be cleaned by disc brushes, and soot and carbon particles that do not fly out through the nozzles 5 will be shifted alternately to the conical nozzles 14. The tangential nozzles 2 on the left and right are connected to the housing 1 equally therefore, when switching the valve 18, the direction of twist of the gas flow will be maintained, which will ensure that the brush disk rotates in the same direction. In this case, a change in the direction of the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas will cause a change in the longitudinal displacement of the disk 6 with a minimum resistance caused only by friction of motion, which is much less than static friction. The presence of two exhaust pipes allows you to freely alternately change the cartridge with the catalyst.

The present invention allows to clean the inner surface of the muffler from soot and carbon products, as well as remove these products.

Information sources

1. Internal combustion engines: device and operation of piston and combined engines: a textbook for university students. / Ed. A.S. Orlina, M.G. Kruglova. - Ed. 3rd, rev. and add. - Engineering, 1980.288 s. (see p. 192, 193. Fig. 129 ab, 130 ab).

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1467229, M. F01N 1/12, 3/02.

Claims (3)

1. An exhaust silencer comprising a housing with an inlet and outlet nozzles, a central perforated pipe connected to the exhaust nozzle, a guide vane apparatus, coupled by the outer edges of the vanes with the inner surface of the housing, and a collecting tank, characterized in that the guide vane apparatus is made in the form a disk with blades of a reactive type, staggered in rows between the inner and outer rims, on which wire brushes are installed, interacting with the inner surface Stu housing and the outer surface of the central perforated tube. 2. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one additional inlet pipe, and the inlet pipes are connected tangentially from both ends of the housing at an angle to the central axis of the housing and are connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine through a controlled valve. 3. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one additional exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipes are connected to the Central perforated pipe and installed on the ends of the cylindrical body, and on the exhaust pipes are installed replaceable cassettes with a catalyst.

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