RU2479320C2 - Device for sorption detoxication of biological fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medical equipment and aims at removal of toxic substances from biological fluids such as whole blood, blood plasma flowing through a patient's extracorporeal circulation system. A device includes a body, a cover, extracorporeal circulation line connectors with protective caps, filters and sorption vehicle arranged inside the body. The body has a bottom. The extracorporeal circulation line connectors are integrated with the bottom of the body and the cover, and accommodate a flare fitting and a coaxial outer nut with an internal thread. The body is coupled with the cover by mating surfaces coaxially formed on the inside of the cover by thin-walled annular projections and the body walls clamped in between. The mating surface of one of the annular projections of the cover has an annular groove detachably coupled with the annular projection on the body surface. The height of the projection of the body wall exceeds the depth of the groove of the cover.

EFFECT: invention provides a simple technology, improved reliability and efficiency by reducing the number of parts and their compounds, and the use of a simple and safe method to join the parts without welds and toxic glues.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment and is intended to remove toxic substances from biological body fluids, such as whole blood, blood plasma, and others in the extracorporeal circuit of the patient's circulatory system.

Currently, one of the methods for removing toxic substances from biological body fluids is the use of devices for sorption detoxification of biological fluids - single-use sorption columns. And one of the main tasks solved when creating sorption columns is to increase reliability and reduce cost by simplifying the design and manufacturing technology while maintaining operational parameters and improving the quality of sorption.

From the description of USSR author's certificate No. 1736506, a disposable sorption column for extracorporeal purification of blood and plasma from toxic substances is known. The column contains a cylindrical body, conical caps, fittings, removable caps for fittings, filters with a hole in the center for loading the hemosorbent suspension, plugs, gaskets, locking elements placed between the covers and the ring body of conductive material. The tight connection of the casing and the lids of the column is carried out by heating the rings of conductive material in the electric field of high-frequency currents. However, as the practice of using such columns has shown, despite the complex design and manufacturing technology, the device depressurizes during operation.

The closest analogue to the claimed device for sorption detoxification of biological fluids is the disposable sorption column disclosed in the patent of the Russian Federation 2304983 C1. The known column contains a cylindrical body made of plastic, conical caps, fittings for blood inlet and outlet, made on plugs mating with caps and having through holes coaxial with the fittings, filters located inside the case under the conical caps, made with a hole in the center, one of which is equipped with a locking element, and rings made of conductive material, located between the ends of the housing and the conical caps. The column has a ratio of the diameter of the column body to a length of 1/2 to 1/3. A hemosorbent suspension in the described hemosorption column is located inside the housing between the filters. The implementation of the hemosorption column allows hemosorption procedures, however, the column has a complex design and low-tech, and therefore the process of its manufacture is complicated, relatively long, expensive, depressurization of the column during its use is not excluded.

Given the increasing need for sorption detoxification procedures, it is important to create the most effective and safe disposable device for carrying out these procedures, but having a simple design and high-tech, which means it has an acceptable cost.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to create a device for sorption detoxification of body fluids, such as whole blood, blood plasma, having a simple manufacturing technology, safe, reliable and economical.

The technical result achieved when using the invention is to ensure ease of assembly of the device and sealing the joints of its parts, increasing safety, reliability and economy by reducing the number of parts of the device, reducing the joints of parts, using a simple and safe mechanical connection of the parts of the device for sorption biological detoxification liquids without the use of welding or adhesives that are toxic.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for sorption detoxification of biological fluids, including a housing, a hermetically connected cover, at least two connectors for connecting the extracorporeal circuits with protective caps and filters and a sorption filler located inside the housing, the housing has a bottom, connectors for connecting the extracorporeal circuit lines are made integrally with the bottom of the body and the cover and include a conical fitting and coaxially arranged an external external nut with a female thread, the housing is connected to the cover by mating surfaces formed by thin-walled ring protrusions coaxially located on the inner side of the cover and the housing wall sandwiched between them, and an annular groove is made on the mating surface of one of the ring protrusions of the cover, which allows for continuous coupling with an annular protrusion made on the mating surface of the wall of the housing, while the height of the protrusion of the wall of the housing is greater than the depth of the groove of the cover. The bottom of the housing and the cover are conical with the formation of the inlet and outlet conical chambers, respectively. Sorption filler is divided into at least two parts located in the lid and body of the device with a gap between them, which serves to even out the flow of biological fluid passing through the device.

Ensuring ease of assembly and sealing of the joints of its parts is achieved due to the fact that all parts of the device are connected using mechanical joints that do not require equipment and welding or gluing operations. The external parts of the device have only one sealed one-piece connection — the connection of the housing and the cover, and this connection is mechanical along the mating surfaces, it is provided by the annular protrusion of the housing and the corresponding annular groove of the cover. Connectors for connecting the extracorporeal circuit lines are made integral with the cover and the device body and do not require additional operations to connect to the device.

Improving safety in the manufacture of the device is achieved due to the absence of adhesive joints in which toxic components are used.

Improving the reliability and safety when working with the device is achieved by ensuring its tightness, because the design provides only one place for sealing the device by creating a reliable one-piece connection of the cover and the housing, and reliable connection of the device to the extracorporeal circuits using connectors, the design of which allows you to quickly connect the extracorporeal circuits to the device with their fixation.

Cost-effectiveness of the device is ensured by simple and quick assembly using the mechanical connection of one cover and housing.

Thus, the use of the original design of the device, in particular the connection of the housing parts and the cover, provides a simple technology for its manufacture, safety of use, reliability and reasonable cost, which makes the proposed device especially attractive for use in medical institutions.

The invention and the possibility of achieving a technical result will be more clear from the following description of the design options of the device with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of one embodiment of the design in section, with sorption filler located in the body of the device, Figure 2 shows the connection of the housing and cover in an enlarged scale, Figure 3 shows a General view of another design in section with sorption filler divided into parts located in the body and cover of the device.

It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

A variant of a device for sorption detoxification with a sorption filler located in the device body (Fig. 1) contains a rigid cylindrical hollow body 1 made in the form of a glass with a conical bottom 2, covered by a lid 3, also having a conical bottom 4, with the volume between the inner part the bottom of the housing 2 and the filter 5, pressed by the divider 6, forms a conical inlet chamber, and the volume between the inner part of the bottom of the cover 3 and the filter 7, pressed by the divider 8, forms a conical outlet chamber, the internal volume of the housing 1, is limited indicated by the said dividers 6 and 8 is filled with sorption filler 9. The dividers 6, 8, in the shown embodiment of the device, have the same design and are made in the form of disks with holes for uniform distribution of the liquid passing through the device throughout the volume of the sorption filler, but they can be made convex, including conical, and have grooves for fluid flow. Filters 5, 7 are grids of the same diameter, preventing particles of sorption filler 9 from entering the device. The conical bottom 2 of the housing 1 and the conical bottom 4 of the cover 3 are made integral with the connectors 10 for connecting the extracorporeal circuits to the device at the input and output, respectively, which include a conical fitting 11 having an axial hole for the fluid and an external nut 12 coaxially located with the internal the thread, inoperative, the connectors are closed with protective caps 13.

The connection of the housing 1 with the cover 3 (figure 2) is carried out on mating surfaces formed coaxially located on the inner side of the cover 3 with thin-walled ring protrusions 14, 15 and the wall 16 of the housing 1 sandwiched between them. An annular groove is made on the mating surface of the annular protrusion 15 of the cover 3 17, having the possibility of one-piece mating with an annular protrusion 18 made on the mating surface of the wall 16 of the housing 1. The height of the protrusion 18 of the wall 16 of the housing 1 is greater than the depth of the groove 17 of the cover 3.

A variant of the device for sorption detoxification with a sorption filler, divided into parts located in the housing and the lid of the device (figure 3), differs from the above option in that the housing 1 and cover 3 have the same length and internal volumes, and the sorption filler 9 is divided into 2 equal parts located in the housing 1 and the cover 3, while to facilitate the assembly of the device and create a gap between the parts of the sorption filler, ensuring the alignment of the liquid flow passing through the sorption filler in cr mouse 3 and to prevent sorption of the sorption filler 9 from the lid 3 during assembly of the device, the sorption filler 9 is located between the filters 7 and 20. The filter 20 is a grid and sandwiched between the bushings 19, 21 inserted with an interference fit into the lid.

Device assembly

A variant of a device for sorption detoxification with a sorption filler located in the device body (Fig. 1) is assembled as follows: insert a filter 5 into the housing 1 and press it against the supporting surface of the bottom 2 of the housing 1 with a divider 6, pressed into the housing 1, into the cover 3 insert the filter 7 and press it to the supporting surface of the bottom 4 of the cover with a divider 8, pressed into the cover 3. Fill the housing 1 of the device with sorption filler 9. The cover is placed on top, introducing the wall 16 of the housing 1 between the inner and outer protrusions 14, 15 of the cover 3. The cover 3 is pressed forward along the axis of the housing 1 until the annular protrusion 18 of the housing 1 clicks into the annular groove 17 of the cover 3, providing a sealed, one-piece reliable connection of the housing and covers. On the nuts 12 of the connectors 10 for connection to connect the lines of the extracorporeal circuit to the device, protective caps 13 are installed.

A variant of a device for sorption detoxification with a sorption filler, divided into parts located in the housing and the lid of the device (Fig. 3), is assembled as follows: insert a filter 5 into the housing 1 and press it against the supporting surface of the bottom 2 of the housing with a divider 6, pressed into the housing 1. Insert filter 7 into the lid 3 and press it against the supporting surface of the bottom 4 of the lid with a divider 8, pressed into the lid 3. Fill the housing 1 with a part of the sorption filler 9, fill the other part with the sorption filler 9 of the lid device 3, then a sleeve 19 is pressed into the cover, a filter 20 is inserted and a sleeve 21 is pressed in, reliably holding the filter between the bushings. The lid with the sorption filler is turned over and placed on top of the casing, introducing the wall 16 of the casing 1 between the inner and outer protrusions 14, 15 of the lid 3. The lid 3 is pressed forward along the axis of the casing 1 until the annular protrusion 18 of the casing 1 clicks into the annular groove 17 of the lid 3, providing tight one-piece reliable connection of the case and a cover. On the nuts 12 of the connectors 10 for connecting the lines of the extracorporeal circuit to the device, protective caps 13 are installed.

These operations take a matter of seconds, do not require high-tech, complex and expensive equipment, as well as the use of toxic glue.

An example of using the device.

Prepare the device for work. Remove the protective caps 13 from the nuts 12 of the fittings 11 of the connectors 10 for connecting the extracorporeal circuits to the device. The device is fixed vertically with the lid 3 up. Connectors of the extracorporeal circulatory system are connected to the device - for introducing fluid to the connector 11 of the connector 10 on the housing 1, for withdrawing fluid from the device to the fitting 11 of the connector 10 on the cover 3 and fasten them with nuts 12 with internal thread. The solution is supplied into the cavity of the housing 1 through the nozzle 11 of the housing 1 to expel air from the device and flush the sorbent, after which the liquid is discharged from the device through the nozzle 11 on the cover of the device 3. After the preparation is completed, a purified biological fluid is fed into the device, which passes through the nozzle 11 on the housing 1, the filter 5 and the divider 6, enters the cavity of the device, is evenly distributed over the volume of the sorbent 9, passes through it being cleaned and removed from the device through the fitting 11 on the cover 3, passing through the divider 8 and fi tr 7.

The device has the following advantages:

has a simple design and high adaptability by reducing the number of parts used in the manufacture of the device and their joints, as well as the use of the original mechanical connection of the parts of the cover and housing without the use of welding and adhesive joints;

significantly improves the safety of the sorption detoxification procedure by ensuring the tightness of the column;

has a low cost.

Claims (3)

1. A device for sorption detoxification of biological fluids, comprising a housing, a hermetically sealed cover, at least two connectors for connecting extracorporeal circuits with protective caps and filters and a sorption filler located inside the housing, characterized in that the housing has a bottom, connectors for connecting the extracorporeal circuits, they are made integrally with the bottom of the body and the cover and include a conical fitting and a coaxially located external nut with internal thread, the housing is connected to the lid on mating surfaces formed by thin-walled ring protrusions coaxially located on the inner side of the lid and the housing wall sandwiched between them, and an annular groove is made on the mating surface of one of the annular protrusions of the lid, which can be permanently mated to the annular protrusion, made on the mating surface of the wall of the housing, while the height of the protrusion of the wall of the housing is greater than the depth of the groove of the cover. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the housing and the cover are conical with the formation of the inlet and outlet conical chambers, respectively. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorption filler is divided into at least two parts located in the lid and body of the device, providing a gap between them, which serves to equalize the flow of biological fluid passing through the device.

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